Distribution of epidemiological and clinical involvement of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in the infectious disease’s outpatient clinic by years
Abstract
Aim: It was aimed to examine the patients diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in terms of diagnostic methods and demographic characteristics.
Materials and Methods: The files of patients with EPTB who were followed up in the infectious disease’s outpatient clinic between 2012 and 2022 in our study were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: Of the patients diagnosed with EPTB, 70.8% (102) were female and 29.2% (42) were male. The ages of the patients ranged from 20 to 88, the mean age of women was 54.2, and the mean age of men was 55. The most common site of involvement in these patients was lymph node involvement. This was followed by bone-joint, peritoneal, central nervous system and genitourinary system involvement, respectively. Histopathological methods were used most frequently in 81 (56.5%) of the patients.
Conclusion: The signs and symptoms of EPTB differ according to the organs and tissues involved in the body. We believe that EPTB should be considered in the differential diagnosis in endemic regions.
Keywords
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis Lymph node Mycobacterium tuberculosis Histopathology Infectious diseases outpatient clinic
Ethical Statement
Ethics committee approval was obtained with the decision of the Ethics Committee for Non-Interventional Procedures of Adıyaman University, dated 13.12.2022, and numbered 2022/9-5. The principles of the Declaration of Helsinki conducted the research. The study was conducted under the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Supporting Institution
No person/organization is supporting this study financially.
Thanks
We thank M. Selim Şahin for his scientific contributions to this study.
References
- World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report. 2021. https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2021; 10: 14
- Holden IK, Lillebaek T, Andersen PH, et al. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Denmark From2009 to 2014; Characteristics and Predictors for Treatment Outcome. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019;6(10):388.
- Cukic V, Ustamujic A. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Mater Sociomed, 2018;30(2):153–156.
- Purohit M, Mustafa T. Laboratory Diagnosis of Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) in Resource-constrained Setting: State of the Art, Challenges and the Need. J. Clin. Diagn. Res. 2015;9: 1–6.
- Suárez I, Fünger SM, Kröger S, Rademacher J, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. The Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis. DtschArztebl Int. 2019; 25:116(43):729-735.
- Schaberg T, Bauer T, Brinkmann F, et al. [Tuberculosis guideline for adults – guideline for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis including LTBI testing and treatment of the German Central Committee (DZK) and the German Respiratory Society (DGP)]. Pneumologi. 2017; 71:325–397
- Kruijshaar ME, Abubakar I. Increase in extrapulmonary tuberculosis in England and Wales 1999–2006. Thorax. 2009; 64:1090–1095.
- Sunnetcioglu A, Sunnetcioglu M, Binici I, Baran AI, Karahocagil MK, Saydan MR. Comparative analysis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis of 411 cases. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2015; 14:34.
- Binici İ, Çelik M, Altındağ D et al. Erişkin Akciğer Dışı Tüberküloz Olgularının Retrospektif Olarak İncelenmesi. Van Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi 40. Kuruluş Yılı Özel Sayısı. 2022;215-222.
- Şengül A, Organ N, Aydemir Y. Akciğer dışı tüberküloz Kocaeli Verem Savaş Dispanseri'nde takip edilen 331 olgunun retrospektif incelenmesi. Kocaeli Tıp Dergisi.2015;4(3):4-9.
- Fader T, Parks J, Khan NU, Manning R, Stokes S, Nasir NA. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kabul, Afghanistan: a hospital-based retrospective review. Int J Infect Dis. 2010;14(2):102-110.
- Fallah S, Nasehi M, Etemadinezhad S, Fallah S, Yazdani Charati J. A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran. Tanaffos. 2022;21(2):221-229.
- Türkiye’de Verem Savaş Raporu 2020, ANKARA 2021
- Lee JY. Diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberc Respir Dis. 2015;78(2):47-55.
- Gaifer Z. Epidemiology of extrapulmonary and disseminated tuberculosis in a tertiary care center in Oman. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2017;6(2):162-166.
- Li L, Lv Y, Su L, et al. Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in central Guangxi from 2016 to 2021. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022; 11:29.
- Taşbakan MS, Pullukçu H, Sipahi O, Taşbakan MI, Çalışkan ŞÖ, Yamazhan T..Türkiye’de 1997-2009 yılları arasında yayınlanan 694 tüberküloz lenfadenit olgusunun havuz analiz yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni.2010;44:285-293.
- Mekonnen D, Derbie A, Abeje A, et al. Epidemiology of tuberculous lymphadenitis in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Plos One.2019;14(4):0215647.
- Assefa W, Eshete T, Solomon Y, Kassaye B. Clinico epidemiologic considerations in the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis: evidence from a high burden country. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 124:152-156.
- Smaoui S, Mezghanni MA, Hammami B, et al. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis in a southeastern region in Tunisia: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. International Journal Mycobacteriology ,2015;4(3):196-201.
- Raval AA, Goswami H, Parikh U, Shan P, Yadav KS. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis at tertiary health care center: A review. Journal of Infectious Diseases Letters. 2013;2(1):16-21.
Enfeksiyon hastalıkları polikliniğinde ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz hastalarının epidemiyolojik ve klinik tutulumlarının yıllara göre dağılımı
Abstract
Amaç: Ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz (EPTB) tanısı alan hastaların tanı yöntemleri ve demografik özellikleri açısından incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamıza 2012-2022 yılları arasında enfeksiyon hastalıkları polikliniğinde takip edilen EPTB tanılı hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi.
Bulgular: EPTB tanısı alan hastaların %70,8’i (102) kadın, %29,2’si (42) erkek olarak saptandı. Hastaların yaşları 20 ile 88 arasında değişmekte, kadınların yaş ortalaması 54,2, erkeklerin yaş ortalaması ise 55 olarak gözlendi. Bu hastalarda en sık lenf bezi tutulumu görülmüştür. Bunu sırasıyla kemik-eklem, periton, santral sinir sistemi ve genitoüriner sistem tutulumu izlemiştir. Hastaların tanısında en sık histopatolojik yöntemler 81(%56,5) kullanılmıştır.
Sonuç: EPTB’nin belirti ve bulguları vücutta tutulan organ ve dokulara gore farklılıklar göstermektedir. Endemik bölgelerde ayırıcı tanıda EPTB hastalığının düşünülmesi gerektiği kanaatindeyiz.
Keywords
Ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz Lenf nodu Mycobacterium tuberculosis Histopatoloji Enfeksiyon hastalıkları polikliniğinde
Ethical Statement
Ethics committee approval was obtained with the decision of the Ethics Committee for Non-Interventional Procedures of Adıyaman University, dated 13.12.2022, and numbered 2022/9-5. The principles of the Declaration of Helsinki conducted the research. The study was conducted under the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Supporting Institution
No person/organization is supporting this study financially.
Thanks
We thank M. Selim Şahin for his scientific contributions to this study.
References
- World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report. 2021. https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2021; 10: 14
- Holden IK, Lillebaek T, Andersen PH, et al. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Denmark From2009 to 2014; Characteristics and Predictors for Treatment Outcome. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019;6(10):388.
- Cukic V, Ustamujic A. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Mater Sociomed, 2018;30(2):153–156.
- Purohit M, Mustafa T. Laboratory Diagnosis of Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) in Resource-constrained Setting: State of the Art, Challenges and the Need. J. Clin. Diagn. Res. 2015;9: 1–6.
- Suárez I, Fünger SM, Kröger S, Rademacher J, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. The Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis. DtschArztebl Int. 2019; 25:116(43):729-735.
- Schaberg T, Bauer T, Brinkmann F, et al. [Tuberculosis guideline for adults – guideline for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis including LTBI testing and treatment of the German Central Committee (DZK) and the German Respiratory Society (DGP)]. Pneumologi. 2017; 71:325–397
- Kruijshaar ME, Abubakar I. Increase in extrapulmonary tuberculosis in England and Wales 1999–2006. Thorax. 2009; 64:1090–1095.
- Sunnetcioglu A, Sunnetcioglu M, Binici I, Baran AI, Karahocagil MK, Saydan MR. Comparative analysis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis of 411 cases. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2015; 14:34.
- Binici İ, Çelik M, Altındağ D et al. Erişkin Akciğer Dışı Tüberküloz Olgularının Retrospektif Olarak İncelenmesi. Van Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi 40. Kuruluş Yılı Özel Sayısı. 2022;215-222.
- Şengül A, Organ N, Aydemir Y. Akciğer dışı tüberküloz Kocaeli Verem Savaş Dispanseri'nde takip edilen 331 olgunun retrospektif incelenmesi. Kocaeli Tıp Dergisi.2015;4(3):4-9.
- Fader T, Parks J, Khan NU, Manning R, Stokes S, Nasir NA. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kabul, Afghanistan: a hospital-based retrospective review. Int J Infect Dis. 2010;14(2):102-110.
- Fallah S, Nasehi M, Etemadinezhad S, Fallah S, Yazdani Charati J. A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran. Tanaffos. 2022;21(2):221-229.
- Türkiye’de Verem Savaş Raporu 2020, ANKARA 2021
- Lee JY. Diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberc Respir Dis. 2015;78(2):47-55.
- Gaifer Z. Epidemiology of extrapulmonary and disseminated tuberculosis in a tertiary care center in Oman. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2017;6(2):162-166.
- Li L, Lv Y, Su L, et al. Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in central Guangxi from 2016 to 2021. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022; 11:29.
- Taşbakan MS, Pullukçu H, Sipahi O, Taşbakan MI, Çalışkan ŞÖ, Yamazhan T..Türkiye’de 1997-2009 yılları arasında yayınlanan 694 tüberküloz lenfadenit olgusunun havuz analiz yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni.2010;44:285-293.
- Mekonnen D, Derbie A, Abeje A, et al. Epidemiology of tuberculous lymphadenitis in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Plos One.2019;14(4):0215647.
- Assefa W, Eshete T, Solomon Y, Kassaye B. Clinico epidemiologic considerations in the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis: evidence from a high burden country. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 124:152-156.
- Smaoui S, Mezghanni MA, Hammami B, et al. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis in a southeastern region in Tunisia: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. International Journal Mycobacteriology ,2015;4(3):196-201.
- Raval AA, Goswami H, Parikh U, Shan P, Yadav KS. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis at tertiary health care center: A review. Journal of Infectious Diseases Letters. 2013;2(1):16-21.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Medical Bacteriology, Public Health (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2023 |
| Submission Date | July 14, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | October 26, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 3 |
