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Preliminary in vitro assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of avocado (Persea Americano) oil in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7)

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 162 - 168, 31.12.2023

Ayça Aktaş Şüküroğlu

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1332125

Abstract

Aim: Toxicological evaluation is required to understand the safety of avocado (Persea Americana) oil for use as a food supplement. In this study, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of avocado oil in MCF-7 cell line were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the MCF-7 was exposed to avocado oil (1, 10, 25 and 100 ppm) for 24, 48 and 72 hrs to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Results: IC50 of avocado oil were found to be 68.1, 62.8 and 64.3 ppm for 24, 48 and 72 hrs, respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in cell polferation between the control and exposed groups (p<0.05). Micronucleus frequency was significantly increased compared with negative control (p<0.005).
Conclusion: Results of the study, avocado oil had cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in a time and concentration dependent manner. Regular use of avocado oil as a dietary supplement has been shown to have a protective effect.

Keywords

Avocado oil Cytotoxicity Genotoxicity MCF-7 Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay

Ethical Statement

In the current work, there was no animal or human experiments conducted

Supporting Institution

The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.

Project Number

Proje Numarası Bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Thanks to Dr. Asena Ayca Ozdemir (Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics) for contributing to the statistical analysis.

References

  • Ross IA. Medicinal Plants of the world chemical constituents, traditional and modern uses. Totowa, NJ: Humana; 1999:241–247.
  • Watt JM, Breyer-Brandwijk MG. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern africa (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: E & S Livingstone; 1962:53–54.
  • Qin, X, Zhong, J. A review of extraction techniques for avocado oil. Journal of Oleo Science. 2016;65(11):1-8.
  • Adeyemi OO, Okpo SO, Ogunti OO. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae). Fitoterapia. 2002;73:375–380.
  • Brai BI, Odetola AA, Agomo PU. Hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic potential of Persea americana leaf extracts. J Med Food. 2007;10(2):356–360.
  • Ojewole JA, Kamadyaapa DR, Gondwe MM, Moodley K, Musabayane CT. Cardiovascular effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) (avocado) aqueous leaf extract in experimental animals. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2007;18(2):69–76.
  • Castillo-Juarez I, Gonz ´ alez V, Jaime-Aguilar H, Mart´ınez G, Linares E, Bye R, Romero I. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;122(2):402–405.
  • Nayak BS, Raju SS, Chalapathi Rao AV. Wound healing activity of Persea americana (avocado) fruit: a preclinical study on rats. J Wound Care. 2008;17(3):123–126.
  • Ding H, Chin YW, Kinghorn AD, D’Ambrosio SM. Chemopreventive characteristics of avocado fruit. Semin Cancer Biol. 2007;17(5):386–394.
  • Domergue F, Helms GL, Prusky D, Browse J. Antifungal compounds from idioblast cells isolated from avocado fruits. Phytochemistry. 2000;54(2):183–189.
  • Kim HW, Murakami A, Nakamura Y, Ohigashi H. Screening of edible Japanese plants for suppressive effects on phorbol ester-induced superoxide generation in differentiated HL-60 cells and AS52 cells. Cancer Lett. 2002;176:7–16.
  • Melgar B, Dias MI, Ciric A. Bioactive characterization of Persea americana Mill. by-products:Arich source of inherent antioxidants. Industrial Crops and Products. 2018;111:212-218.
  • Kim OK, Murakami A, Takahashi D, Nakamura Y, Torikai K, Kim HW, Ohigashi H. An avocado constituent, persenone A, suppresses expression of inducible forms of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase in macrophages, and hydrogen peroxide generation in mouse skin. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2000;64(11):2504–2507.
  • Ernst E. Avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) for osteoarthritis—a systematic review. Clin Rheumatol. 2003;22(4–5):285–288.
  • Andriamanalijaona R, Benateau H, Barre PE, Boumediene K, Labbe D, Compere JF, Pujol JP. Effect of interleukin-1beta on transforming growth factor-beta and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression in human periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells in culture: modulation by avocado and soybean unsaponifiables. J Periodontol. 2006;77(7):1156–1166.
  • Stucker M, Memmel U, Hoffmann M, Hartung J, Altmeyer P. Vitamin B (12) cream containing avocado oil in the therapy of plaque psoriasis. Dermatology. 2001;203(2):141–147.
  • Demircan B, Velioğlu YS. Avokado: Bileşimi ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. Akademik Gıda. 2021;19(3):309-324.
  • Sun J, Liu RH. Cranberry phytochemical extracts induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer letters. 2005;20:1-11.
  • Demircan B, Velioğlu YS. Avokado: İşlenmesi ve kullanım alanları. Akademik Gıda. 2022;20(1):80-93.
  • Dikmen M, Öztürk N, Öztürk Y. Nar meyve kabuğu ekstresinin MCF-7 hücre proliferasyonu üzerine sitotoksik ve inhibitör etkileri. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg.2008;37 (3):179 - 190.
  • OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals. No 487 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Test. 2010. www.oecd.org/env/testguidelines.
  • Fenech M. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. Nat. Protoc. 2007;2:1084–1104.
  • Fenech M, Morley AA. Measurement of micronuclei in lymphocytes. Mutat. Res. Mutagen. Relat. Subj. 1985;147:29–36.
  • Kho D, MacDonald C, Johnson R, Unsworth CP, O'Carroll SJ, Mez ED, Angel CE, Graham ES. Application of xCELLigence RTCA Biosensor Technology for Revealing the Profile and Window of Drug Responsiveness in Real Time. Biosensors. 2015; 5(2):199-222.
  • Rodr´ıguez-Carpena JG, Morcuende D, Andrade MJ, Kylli P, Estevez M. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) phenolics, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and inhibition of lipid and protein oxidation in porcine patties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2011;59(10):5625–5635.
  • Anaka ON, Ozolua RI, Okpo SO. Effect of the aqueous seed extract of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) on the blood pressure of Sprague-Dawley rats. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2009;3(10):485–490.
  • Pahua-Ramos ME, Ortiz-Moreno A, Chamorro-Cevallos G. Hypolipidemic effect of avocado (Persea americana Mill) seed in a hypercholesterolemic mouse model. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 2012;67(1):10–16.
  • Jimenez-Arellanes A, Luna-Herrera J, Ruiz-Nicolas R, Cornejo-Garrido J, Tapia A, Y´epez-Mulia L. Antiprotozoal and antimycobacterial activities of Persea americana seeds. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013;13(109):109.
  • Ozolua RI, Anaka ON, Okpo SO, Idogun SE. Acute and sub-acute toxicological assessment of the aqueous seed extract of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) in rats. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 2009;6(4):573–578.
  • Grant R, Basson PA, Booker HH, Hofherr JB, Anthonissen M. Cardiomyopathy caused by avocado (Persea americana Mill) leaves. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association.1991;62(1):21–22.
  • Stadler P, van Rensburg IB, Naud´e TW. Suspected avocado (Persea americana) poisoning in goats. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association. 1991;62(4):186–188.
  • Hargis AM, Stauber E, Casteel S, Eitner D. Avocado (Persea americana) intoxication in caged birds. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 1989;194(1):64–66.
  • Burger WP, Naud´e TW, van Rensburg IB, Botha CJ, Pienaar AC. Cardiomyopathy in ostriches (Struthio camelus) due to avocado (Persea americana var. guatemalensis) intoxication. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association.1994;65(3):113–118.
  • Queiroz Junior NF, Antônio Steffani J, Machado L, Longhi PJH, Montano MAE, Martins M, Machado SA, Machado AK, Cadona FC. Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of avocado oil and extract (Persea americana Mill) against rotenone using monkey kidney epithelial cells. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 2021;84(21):875-890.
  • Kulkarni P, Paul R, Ganesh N. In vitro evaluation of genotoxicity of avocado (Persea americana) fruit and leaf extracts in human peripheral lymphocytes. Journal of Environmental Science and Health C. 2010;28(3):172–187.
  • Padilla-Camberos E, Martínez-Velázquez M, Flores-Fernández JM, Villanueva-Rodríguez S. Acute toxicity and genotoxic activity of avocado seed extract (Persea americana Mill., c.v. Hass). Scientific World Journal. 2013;5;245828.
  • Hayashi M, Sofuni T. The micronucleus assay with rodent peripheral blood and acridine orange supravital staining. In: Obe G, Natarajan AT, eds., Springer. Berlin: Chromosomal Alterations; 1994; 203–213.
  • Jyoti S, Khan S, Afzal M, Naz F, Siddique YH. Evaluation of micronucleus frequency by acridine orange, fluorescent staining in buccal epithelial cells of oral submucosus fibrosis (OSMF) patients. The Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics. 2013;14(2):189–193.
  • Sahu R. Divakar G. Divakar K. In vivo rodent micronucleus assay of Gmelina arborea roxb (gambhari) extract. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research. 2010;1(1):22–29.
  • Asare GA, Bugyei K, Sittie A, Yahaya ES, Gyan B, Adjei S, Addo P, Wiredu EK, Adjei DN, Nyarko AK. Genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and toxicological evaluation of whole plant extracts of the medicinal plant Phyllanthus niruri (Phyllanthaceae) Genetics and Molecular Research. 2012;11(1):100–111.

Avokado (Persea Americano) yağının meme kanseri hücre hattı (MCF-7) üzerindeki sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkilerinin in vitro ön değerlendirmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 162 - 168, 31.12.2023

Ayça Aktaş Şüküroğlu

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1332125

Abstract

Amaç: Avokado (Persea Americana) yağının gıda takviyesi olarak kullanımında güvenliğinin anlaşılması için toksikolojik değerlendirilme yapılması gerekmektedir. Planlanan bu çalışmada avokado yağının MCF-7 hücre hattındaki sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada MCF-7 hücre hattı, avokado yağına (1, 10, 25 ve 100 ppm) ile 24, 48 ve 72 maruz bırakılarak sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkisi değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Avokado yağının IC50 değerleri 24, 48 ve 72 saat için sırasıyla; 68.1, 62.8 ve 64.3 ppm olarak bulunmuştur. Avokado yağının bütün maruziyet sürelerinde kontrol grubu ile maruziyet grupları arasında hücre poliferasyonundaki azalma istatiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Avokado yağına maruziyetine bağlı mikroçekirdek frekansında, tüm dozlarda negatif kontrole göre önemli artış görülmüştür (p<0,005).
Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonucunda avokado yağının MCF-7 hücre hattında zamana ve konstrasyona bağımlı olarak sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkilerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Avokado yağının gıda takviyesi olarak düzenli kullanılması sonucunda koruyucu etkisinin olabileceği görülmüştür.

Keywords

Avokado yağı Sitotoksisite Genotoksisite MCF-7 Sitokinezin durdurulduğu mikroçekirdek yöntemi

Ethical Statement

In the current work, there was no animal or human experiments conducted.

Supporting Institution

The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.

Project Number

Proje Numarası Bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Thanks to Dr. Asena Ayca Ozdemir (Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics) for contributing to the statistical analysis.

References

  • Ross IA. Medicinal Plants of the world chemical constituents, traditional and modern uses. Totowa, NJ: Humana; 1999:241–247.
  • Watt JM, Breyer-Brandwijk MG. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern africa (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: E & S Livingstone; 1962:53–54.
  • Qin, X, Zhong, J. A review of extraction techniques for avocado oil. Journal of Oleo Science. 2016;65(11):1-8.
  • Adeyemi OO, Okpo SO, Ogunti OO. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae). Fitoterapia. 2002;73:375–380.
  • Brai BI, Odetola AA, Agomo PU. Hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic potential of Persea americana leaf extracts. J Med Food. 2007;10(2):356–360.
  • Ojewole JA, Kamadyaapa DR, Gondwe MM, Moodley K, Musabayane CT. Cardiovascular effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) (avocado) aqueous leaf extract in experimental animals. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2007;18(2):69–76.
  • Castillo-Juarez I, Gonz ´ alez V, Jaime-Aguilar H, Mart´ınez G, Linares E, Bye R, Romero I. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;122(2):402–405.
  • Nayak BS, Raju SS, Chalapathi Rao AV. Wound healing activity of Persea americana (avocado) fruit: a preclinical study on rats. J Wound Care. 2008;17(3):123–126.
  • Ding H, Chin YW, Kinghorn AD, D’Ambrosio SM. Chemopreventive characteristics of avocado fruit. Semin Cancer Biol. 2007;17(5):386–394.
  • Domergue F, Helms GL, Prusky D, Browse J. Antifungal compounds from idioblast cells isolated from avocado fruits. Phytochemistry. 2000;54(2):183–189.
  • Kim HW, Murakami A, Nakamura Y, Ohigashi H. Screening of edible Japanese plants for suppressive effects on phorbol ester-induced superoxide generation in differentiated HL-60 cells and AS52 cells. Cancer Lett. 2002;176:7–16.
  • Melgar B, Dias MI, Ciric A. Bioactive characterization of Persea americana Mill. by-products:Arich source of inherent antioxidants. Industrial Crops and Products. 2018;111:212-218.
  • Kim OK, Murakami A, Takahashi D, Nakamura Y, Torikai K, Kim HW, Ohigashi H. An avocado constituent, persenone A, suppresses expression of inducible forms of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase in macrophages, and hydrogen peroxide generation in mouse skin. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2000;64(11):2504–2507.
  • Ernst E. Avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) for osteoarthritis—a systematic review. Clin Rheumatol. 2003;22(4–5):285–288.
  • Andriamanalijaona R, Benateau H, Barre PE, Boumediene K, Labbe D, Compere JF, Pujol JP. Effect of interleukin-1beta on transforming growth factor-beta and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression in human periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells in culture: modulation by avocado and soybean unsaponifiables. J Periodontol. 2006;77(7):1156–1166.
  • Stucker M, Memmel U, Hoffmann M, Hartung J, Altmeyer P. Vitamin B (12) cream containing avocado oil in the therapy of plaque psoriasis. Dermatology. 2001;203(2):141–147.
  • Demircan B, Velioğlu YS. Avokado: Bileşimi ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. Akademik Gıda. 2021;19(3):309-324.
  • Sun J, Liu RH. Cranberry phytochemical extracts induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer letters. 2005;20:1-11.
  • Demircan B, Velioğlu YS. Avokado: İşlenmesi ve kullanım alanları. Akademik Gıda. 2022;20(1):80-93.
  • Dikmen M, Öztürk N, Öztürk Y. Nar meyve kabuğu ekstresinin MCF-7 hücre proliferasyonu üzerine sitotoksik ve inhibitör etkileri. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg.2008;37 (3):179 - 190.
  • OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals. No 487 In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Test. 2010. www.oecd.org/env/testguidelines.
  • Fenech M. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. Nat. Protoc. 2007;2:1084–1104.
  • Fenech M, Morley AA. Measurement of micronuclei in lymphocytes. Mutat. Res. Mutagen. Relat. Subj. 1985;147:29–36.
  • Kho D, MacDonald C, Johnson R, Unsworth CP, O'Carroll SJ, Mez ED, Angel CE, Graham ES. Application of xCELLigence RTCA Biosensor Technology for Revealing the Profile and Window of Drug Responsiveness in Real Time. Biosensors. 2015; 5(2):199-222.
  • Rodr´ıguez-Carpena JG, Morcuende D, Andrade MJ, Kylli P, Estevez M. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) phenolics, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and inhibition of lipid and protein oxidation in porcine patties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2011;59(10):5625–5635.
  • Anaka ON, Ozolua RI, Okpo SO. Effect of the aqueous seed extract of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) on the blood pressure of Sprague-Dawley rats. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2009;3(10):485–490.
  • Pahua-Ramos ME, Ortiz-Moreno A, Chamorro-Cevallos G. Hypolipidemic effect of avocado (Persea americana Mill) seed in a hypercholesterolemic mouse model. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 2012;67(1):10–16.
  • Jimenez-Arellanes A, Luna-Herrera J, Ruiz-Nicolas R, Cornejo-Garrido J, Tapia A, Y´epez-Mulia L. Antiprotozoal and antimycobacterial activities of Persea americana seeds. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013;13(109):109.
  • Ozolua RI, Anaka ON, Okpo SO, Idogun SE. Acute and sub-acute toxicological assessment of the aqueous seed extract of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) in rats. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 2009;6(4):573–578.
  • Grant R, Basson PA, Booker HH, Hofherr JB, Anthonissen M. Cardiomyopathy caused by avocado (Persea americana Mill) leaves. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association.1991;62(1):21–22.
  • Stadler P, van Rensburg IB, Naud´e TW. Suspected avocado (Persea americana) poisoning in goats. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association. 1991;62(4):186–188.
  • Hargis AM, Stauber E, Casteel S, Eitner D. Avocado (Persea americana) intoxication in caged birds. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 1989;194(1):64–66.
  • Burger WP, Naud´e TW, van Rensburg IB, Botha CJ, Pienaar AC. Cardiomyopathy in ostriches (Struthio camelus) due to avocado (Persea americana var. guatemalensis) intoxication. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association.1994;65(3):113–118.
  • Queiroz Junior NF, Antônio Steffani J, Machado L, Longhi PJH, Montano MAE, Martins M, Machado SA, Machado AK, Cadona FC. Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of avocado oil and extract (Persea americana Mill) against rotenone using monkey kidney epithelial cells. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 2021;84(21):875-890.
  • Kulkarni P, Paul R, Ganesh N. In vitro evaluation of genotoxicity of avocado (Persea americana) fruit and leaf extracts in human peripheral lymphocytes. Journal of Environmental Science and Health C. 2010;28(3):172–187.
  • Padilla-Camberos E, Martínez-Velázquez M, Flores-Fernández JM, Villanueva-Rodríguez S. Acute toxicity and genotoxic activity of avocado seed extract (Persea americana Mill., c.v. Hass). Scientific World Journal. 2013;5;245828.
  • Hayashi M, Sofuni T. The micronucleus assay with rodent peripheral blood and acridine orange supravital staining. In: Obe G, Natarajan AT, eds., Springer. Berlin: Chromosomal Alterations; 1994; 203–213.
  • Jyoti S, Khan S, Afzal M, Naz F, Siddique YH. Evaluation of micronucleus frequency by acridine orange, fluorescent staining in buccal epithelial cells of oral submucosus fibrosis (OSMF) patients. The Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics. 2013;14(2):189–193.
  • Sahu R. Divakar G. Divakar K. In vivo rodent micronucleus assay of Gmelina arborea roxb (gambhari) extract. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research. 2010;1(1):22–29.
  • Asare GA, Bugyei K, Sittie A, Yahaya ES, Gyan B, Adjei S, Addo P, Wiredu EK, Adjei DN, Nyarko AK. Genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and toxicological evaluation of whole plant extracts of the medicinal plant Phyllanthus niruri (Phyllanthaceae) Genetics and Molecular Research. 2012;11(1):100–111.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Oncology and Carcinogenesis (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayça Aktaş Şüküroğlu 0000-0003-3069-7905

Project Number Proje Numarası Bulunmamaktadır.
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date July 24, 2023
Acceptance Date September 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Aktaş Şüküroğlu A. Preliminary in vitro assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of avocado (Persea Americano) oil in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). ADYÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. December 2023;9(3):162-168. doi:10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1332125
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