Abstract
Xunzi, Çin’in Savaşan Devletler döneminde (MÖ 480/ 403- 222) yaşamış bir düşünürdür. Kendi döneminin ve öncesinin düşüncelerini eleştirmiş, yaşadığı toplumda düzenin kurulması ve korunması için fikirler üretmiştir. Toplumda ideal düzenin kurulması için ritüeller ve yasanın birlikte işlediği bir devlet yönetim sistemi oluşturmuştur. Xunzi devlet yönetimi düşüncesini ve ideal toplum anlayışını insan doğası hakkındaki teorileri ile temellendirmiştir ve insan doğası hakkındaki olumsuz düşünceleri nedeniyle eleştirilmiştir. Ancak, kendi adını taşıyan Xunzi adındaki kitabında, insan doğası hakkındaki görüşlerinde farklılıklar görülmektedir. Bu çalışma Xunzi’nın insan doğası hakkındaki bu farklı görüşlerini sunmakta ve neden olumsuz düşünceleri olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada Xunzi’nın teorilerinin karakterine daha iyi açıklama önermekte, bu şekilde, devlet yönetimi düşüncelerini daha iyi anlamanın yolunu açmaktadır.
References
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- Li, C. (2011). Xunzi on the origin of goodness: a new interpretation. Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 38, 46–63.
- Liang, Q. (1999). Liang Qichao quanji. Gang, Y. (Ed.). Beijing Chubanshe.
- Liang, Q. (1963). Xunzi sixiang shuping. Zhexue Yanjiu, 4, 52- 63.
- Liang, T. (2015). Xunzi renxinglun bianzheng- lun Xunzi de xing’e, xin shan shuo. Zhexue Yanjiu, 5, 71-80.
- Mengzi. (2006-2022). Mengzi. Retrieved September 5, 2023, from https://ctext.org/mengzi/ens Mou, Z. (1982). Lishi zhexue. Xuesheng Shuju Chubanshe.
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- Wang, X. (2018). Xunzi jijie. Zhonghua Shuju Chuban Faxing.
- Watson, B. (2003). Xunzi (translations from the Asian classics). Columbia University Press, Kindle Edition.
- Xu, F. (2001). Zhongguo renxing shi xian qin pian. Shanghai Sanlian Shudian.
- Xunzi. (2006-2022). Xunzi. Retrieved September 5, 2023, from https://ctext.org/xunzi/ens
- Yan, S. (2010). Xunzi, Han Feizi, Zhuangzi xing’e yishi chuyi. Journal of Nanjing University, (Philosophy, Humanities and Social Sciences), 2, 63-78.
- Zhou, C. (2014). Rujia xingpu lun: yi Kongzi, Xunzi, Dong Zhongshu yi zhongxin. Shehui Kexue, 10, 122- 132.
- Zhuangzi. (2006-2022). Zhuangzi. Retrieved September 5, 2023, from https://ctext.org/zhuangzi/ens
A Reasoning of Xunzi’s (荀子) State Governance Ideas: A Case Study on The Theory of Human Nature (Xing性)
Abstract
Xunzi was a Chinese thinker who lived in the period of Warring States (480/403-222 BCE). He was critical of philosophical ideas in his time and brought forward ideas for establishing and preserving order in society. He created a state governance system in which rituals (li 禮) and law (fa 法) worked together. He reasoned his ideas on state governance and theories about an ideal society on his theories of human nature, and he has been criticized for his negative attributions to it. However, in the book bearing his name, Xunzi, it is seen that there are different presentations of his views on human nature. This article presents these different perspectives on Xunzi’s theory of human nature and shows why he attributed negative qualities to it. It offers a better understanding of the character of his theories, in this way, enlightens the way to a better understanding of his state governance ideas.
References
- Cheng, C. (2008). Xunzi as a systematic philosopher: toward an organic unity of nature, mind, and reason. Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 9-31.
- Cua, A. (1977). The conceptual aspect of Hsün Tzu's philosophy of human nature. Philosophy East and West, 27(4), 373-389.
- Dongfang, S. (2017a). Helixing zhi xunqiu: Xunzi sixiang yanjiu lunji. Shanghai Renmin Chubanshe.
- Dongfang, S. (2017b). Zhixu yu fangfa – Xunzi dui zhengzhi yu daode zhi leixi de lijie. Fudan Xuebao (Shehui Kexue Ban),1, 14-25.
- Guo, M. (1996). Shi pipan shu. Dong Fang Chubanshe.
- Guo, Q. (2006). Zhongguo zhexue shi. Gaodeng Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
- He, S. (1988). Meng Xun daode shijian lilun zhi yanjiu. Wen Jin Chubanshe.
- Hu, Q. (2011). Xing’e yu li fa- Xunzi li fa sixiang de renxing genju. Gui Zhou Minzhu Xueyuan Bao (Zhexue Shehui Kexue Ban), 5, 51-56.
- Hui, J. (1996). Xunzi yu Zhongguo wenhua. Guizhou Renmin Chubanshe.
- Kim, S. (2011). From desire to civility: is Xunzi a Hobbesian?. Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 291- 309.
- Li, C. (2011). Xunzi on the origin of goodness: a new interpretation. Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 38, 46–63.
- Liang, Q. (1999). Liang Qichao quanji. Gang, Y. (Ed.). Beijing Chubanshe.
- Liang, Q. (1963). Xunzi sixiang shuping. Zhexue Yanjiu, 4, 52- 63.
- Liang, T. (2015). Xunzi renxinglun bianzheng- lun Xunzi de xing’e, xin shan shuo. Zhexue Yanjiu, 5, 71-80.
- Mengzi. (2006-2022). Mengzi. Retrieved September 5, 2023, from https://ctext.org/mengzi/ens Mou, Z. (1982). Lishi zhexue. Xuesheng Shuju Chubanshe.
- Nivison, D. S. (1996). The ways of Confucianism investigations in Chinese philosophy. Carus Publishing Company.
- Shangguan, J. (1989). Shengren huaxing qiwei yu sheng ri si zhuanzhi – Xunzi zhengzhi lilun shixi. Xuexi Yu Tansu, 2(61), 39-46.
- Tang, D. (2019). Xunzi tanwei. Zhongguo Renmin Daxue Chubanshe.
- Wang, X. (2018). Xunzi jijie. Zhonghua Shuju Chuban Faxing.
- Watson, B. (2003). Xunzi (translations from the Asian classics). Columbia University Press, Kindle Edition.
- Xu, F. (2001). Zhongguo renxing shi xian qin pian. Shanghai Sanlian Shudian.
- Xunzi. (2006-2022). Xunzi. Retrieved September 5, 2023, from https://ctext.org/xunzi/ens
- Yan, S. (2010). Xunzi, Han Feizi, Zhuangzi xing’e yishi chuyi. Journal of Nanjing University, (Philosophy, Humanities and Social Sciences), 2, 63-78.
- Zhou, C. (2014). Rujia xingpu lun: yi Kongzi, Xunzi, Dong Zhongshu yi zhongxin. Shehui Kexue, 10, 122- 132.
- Zhuangzi. (2006-2022). Zhuangzi. Retrieved September 5, 2023, from https://ctext.org/zhuangzi/ens
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Asian Language, Literature and Culture |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | November 30, 2023 |
| Publication Date | November 30, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | September 26, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 2 |
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