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Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey

Year 2011, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 265 - 284, 30.06.2011

Abstract

During investigations conducted in 2007-2010 in Hatay Province, Turkey, two species of gall midges, Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831) and Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new were reared from galls on leaves and shoots of Olea europaea L. Average level of infestation on olive leaves and shoots by gall midges was 15.2 % and the highest level 78.2 %. Olive leaves, normally evergreen and outlasting on branches for several years, seriously injured by gall midges fell off and defoliage resulted in loss of ability to product flower buds and fruits in the following year. Dasineura oleae causing significant reduction or loss of yield of olive fruits is a serious pest of olive tree and we declare here its pest status. Population levels of gall midges on olive leaves were significantly reduced by 12 species of parasitic Hymenoptera belonging to five families, viz. Platygaster oleae Szelenyi, 1940 (Platygastridae); Eupelmus urozonus Dalman 1820 (Eupelmidae); Torymus phillyreae Ruschka, 1921 (Torymidae); Mesopolobus mediterraneus (Mayr, 1903), Mesopolobus diffinis (Walker, 1834) and Mesopolobus aspilus (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalidae); Quadrastichus dasineurae Doganlar, LaSalle, Sertkaya & Doganlar, 2009, Aprostocetus samandagus Doğanlar 2011, Aprostocetus lasiopterus Doğanlar 2011, Zeytinus hatayensis Doğanlar 2011 and additional 2 undescribed species of the genus Aprostocetus (Eulophidae). Larvae of these parasitoids kill larvae and pupae of gall midges inside galls. Total level of parasitism amounts 66.2 %. E. urozonus, P. oleae and Q. dasineurae are three main parasitoids reared from galls of D. oleae and L. oleicola sp. new They are very effective and reduce significantly the populations of D. oleae in galls, together for about 70 %, and may be evaluated as important supressors of olive leaf gall midges. Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new is described, its taxonomically important features are illustrated and some biological data are given.

References

  • Alkan, B., 1952. Türkiye’nin Zoosesid (Zoocecid)’leri (kökeni hayvansal Bitki urları) üzerinde çalışmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı, (2-3): 185-225, (4): 259-291.
  • Al-Tamimi, M. M. A., 1997. Population Trends of Olive Leaf Midge Dasineura oleae Loew (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and the Effect of Some Insecticides on the Midge and its Parasites in Amman District. (Thesis or Dissertation), NCARE, Jordan, 77 pp.
  • Angelini, B., 1831. Degli insetti nocivi all´ulivo nella provincia Veronese. Memoria I. Memoria Accademia Agricoltura commercio arti, Verona, 12: 295-323, 325-357.
  • Anonymous, 2008. Zeytincilik Araştıma Enstitüsü, Bitki Sağlığı, 2.derece önemli zeytin zararlıları.(Web page: http://www.zae.gov.tr/bitkisagligi/iz.asp.) (Data accessed: Mayıs 2008)
  • Avidov, Z. & Harpaz, I. 1969. Plant Pests of Israel. Israel Universities Press, Jerusalem. 4. Bar-Joseph, M. and Gerson, U. (1977, second edition).
  • Barnes, H. F., 1948. Gall Midges of Economic Importance. Vol. 3. Gall Midges of Fruit. London, Crosby Lockwood & Son Ltd, 184 pp.
  • Coutin, R. & H. Katlabi, 1986. Cecidomyiidae. Entomologie oleicole. Arambourg, J. (ed.) COI, Madrid: 95-113.
  • Darvas, B., M. Skuhravá & A. Andersen, 2000. Agricultural Dipteran Pests of the Palaearctic Region, pp. 565-650. In: PAPP L. & DARVAS B. (editors): Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. General and Applied Dipterology. Science Herald, Budapest, 978 pp.
  • Del Guercio, G., 1910. Intorno a due nemici nuovi dell´olivo e alle gravi alterazioni che determinano. Redia, 6 (2): 282-297.
  • Doğanlar, M., J. LaSalle, E. Sertkaya & O. Doğanlar, 2009. A new species of Quadrastichus Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) from Hatay, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 33: 309-314.
  • Doğanlar, M., 2011. Parasitoids complex of the olive leaf gall midges, Dasineura oleae (Angelini) 1831 and Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá 2011 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Hatay-Turkey, with descriptions of new genus and species of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 35 (2): (in press).
  • FAO, 1999. Determination of Pest Status in an Area. International Standards for Phytosanitary Measurements. Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Conservation, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, (Publication No. 8, November 1998) 17 pp.
  • Hepdurgun, B., 1998. Zeytin Kızılkurdu [Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)]‘nun Tanınması, İzmir İlindeki Yayılışı, Biyolojisi ve Doğal Düşmanları Üzerinde Araştırmalar. E. Ü. Fen Bil. Ens. Doktora Tezi, 105 s.
  • Hepdurgun, B. & F. Önder, 1999. Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) (Zeytin kizilkurdu)´nin biyolojisi üzerinde arastirmalar (Investigations on the biology of the olive gall midge (Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 23 (3): 191-202.
  • Hepdurgun B. & F. Önder, 2000. Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae) (Zeytin kizilkurdu)´nin taninmasi ve yayilisi üzerinde arastirmalar (Studies on the morphology and distribution of the olive fruit midge (Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli) (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 24 (2): 133-142.
  • Hrncic, S., 1998. A survey of olıve pests ın Montenegro. IV International Symposium on Olive Growing. ISHS Acta Horticulturae, 586: 23-28.
  • İren, Z. & M. K. Ahmet, 1973. Insect pests of Turkey found on deciduous fruits (Meyve zararlıları). Bitki Koruma Bülteni, Ek yayın, 1: 35-84.
  • İyriboz, N., 1940. Zeytin Zararlıları ve Hastalıkları. Karınca Matbaacılık Ticaret Şti, İzmir, 112 pp.
  • İyriboz, N., 1968. Zeytin Zararlıları ve Hastalıkları. Karınca Matbaacılık ve Ticaret Kollektif Şirketi, İzmir, 122 s.
  • Löw, F., 1885. Zwei neue Cecidomyia-Arten. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschift, 29: 109-112.
  • Mamaev, B. M., 1969. [26. Family Cecidomyiidae (Itonididae). Pp.: 356-420. In: Bei-Bienko G. Ya. (Editor): Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR. Vol. 5. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Part I. Leningrad.] (In Russian).
  • Paoli, G., 1907. Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli n. sp. Pp. 45-46. In: Materiali per la storia di alcuni insetti dell´olivo. Redia, 4: 1-95.
  • Skuhravá, M., 1986. Family: Cecidomyiidae, pp. 72-297. In: Soós, Á. & L. Papp (editors): Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 4. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó and Elsevier, Amsterdam, 441 pp.
  • Skuhravá, M., 1997. Family Cecidomyiidae, pp. 71-204, with 739 figs. In: PAPP L. & B. DARVAS (Eds): Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance). Vol. 2. Nematocera and Lower Brachycera. Budapest: Science Herald, 592 pp.
  • Skuhravá, M., 2006a. Species richness of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyidae) in the main biogeographic regions of the world. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 69: 327–372.
  • Skuhravá, M., Ş. Bayram, H. Çam, S. Tezcan & P. Can, 2005. Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Turkey. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 29 (1): 17-34.
  • Skuhravá, M. & V. Skuhravý, 1981. Die Gallmücken (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) des Schilfes (Phragmites communis Trin.). Studie ČSAV, (3): 1-150.
  • Skuhravá M. & V. Skuhravý, 1994. Gall midges (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) of Italy. Entomologica, Bari, 28: 45-76.
  • Skuhravá M. & V. Skuhravý, 1997. Gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) of Greece. Entomologica, Bari, 31: 13-75.
  • Skuhravá, M. & V. Skuhravý, 2010. Species richness of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in Europe (West Palaearctic): biogeography and coevolution with host plants. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 73: 87–156,
  • Skuhravá, M., V. Skuhravý, J. Blasco-Zumeta & J. Pujade, 2006. Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Iberian Peninsula. 2. Zoogeographical analysis of the gall midge fauna. Boletin de la Asociation Espanola de Entomologia, 30: 93-159.
  • Skuhravá, M., V. Skuhravý & B. Massa, 2007. Gall midges (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) of Sicily. Naturalista Siciliana, 31: 215-263.
  • Solinas, M., 1967. Osservazioni biologiche condotte in Puglia sulla Prolasioptera berlesiana Paoli, noc particolare riferimento au rapporti simbioti ci col Dacus oleae Gmel. A noc la Sphaeropsis dalmatica (Thüm.) Gigante. Entomologica, 3: 129-176.
  • Tastás-Duque, R. & E. Sylvén, 1989. Sensilla and cuticular appendages on the female abdomen of Lasioptera rubi (Schrank) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Acta Zoologica, 70 (3): 163-174.
  • Trotter, A., 1903. Galle della Penisola Balcanica e Asia minore. Nuovo Giornale botanico Italiano (Nuova serie), 10: 1-86.
  • Yukawa, J., 1971. A revision of the Japanese gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 8 (1): 1-203.
  • Yukawa, J. & S. Haitsuka, 1994. A new Cecidomyiid successor (Diptera) inhabiting empty midge galls. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62: 709-718.

Hatay-Türkiye’de Zeytin Yaprak Siğili, Dasineura oleae (Angelini 1831)’nin zararlılık durumu, Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)’nın tanımlanması ve bunların popülasyonlarına parazitoitlerin etkisi

Year 2011, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 265 - 284, 30.06.2011

Abstract

Hatay - Türkiye’de 2007-2010 yılları arasında yapılan çalışmada Zeytin ağacı, Olea europea L.,’nın sürgün ve yapraklarında bulunan gallerden iki gall sineği, Zeytin yaprak siğili, Dasineura oleae (Angelini 1831), ve Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new, elde edilmiştir. Gal sineklerinin zeytin ağaçlarının yaprak ve sürgünlerinde yaptıkları enfeksiyon düzeyi ortalama % 15.2 ve en yüksek ise % 78.2 olmuştur. Zeytin ağaçlarının yaprakları herdem yeşil olup yıllar boyunca ağaç üzerinde kalmaktadır. Ancak gal sinekleri tarafından yapraklar zarara uğrayınca dökülmekte ve bunun sonucunda müteakip yılda yüksek düzeyde çiçek gözleri ve dolayısıyla meyve verimi büyük kayıplara uğramaktadır. Bu nedenle Zeytin yaprak siğili oluşturduğu verim kayıpları dolayısıyla önemli bir zararlı olarak görülmektedir. Bu gall sineklerinin poopülasyonlarını engelleyen en önemli ölüm faktörleri olarak Hymenoptera takımına giren 5 familyadan 12 tür larva veya pupa parazitoiti belirlenmiştir. Bu parazitoitler: Platygastridae: Platygaster oleae Szelenyi, 1940, Eupelmidae: Eupelmus urozonus Dalman, 1820, Torymidae: Torymus phillyreae Ruschka 1921, Pteromalidae: Mesopolobus mediterraneus (Mayr, 1903), Mesopolobus diffinis (Walker. 1834), Mesopolobus aspilus (Walker, 1835), Eulophidae: Quadrastichus dasineurae Doganlar, Lasalle, Sertkaya & Doganlar, 2009, Aprostocetus samandagus Doğanlar, 2011, Aprostocetus lasiopterus Doğanlar, 2011, Zeytinus hatayensis Doğanlar 2011, ve ayrıca Aprostocetus cinsine giren ve henüz teşhisi yapılmamış 2 tür belirlenmiştir. Bu parazitoitlerin larvaları gal sineklerinin galler içinde bulunan larva ve pupalarını öldürmektedirler. Toplam parazitlenme oranı % 66.2’yi bulmaktadır. D.oleae ve Lasioptera oleicola sp. new gallerinden elde edilen en önemli 3 tür E. urozonus, P. oleae ve Q. dasineurae’dir. Bu türler gal sineklerinin popülâsyonlarını baskı altında tutmakta ve toplam parazitlemenin % 70’e varan bölümü bu türlerce yapılmaktadır. İlerde bu zararlıların üzerinde baskı unsurları olarak kullanılabilecekleri düşünülebilir.
Çalışmada Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new tanımlanmış, bunun ayırt edici özellikleri ve bazı biyolojik bilgileri verilmiştir.

References

  • Alkan, B., 1952. Türkiye’nin Zoosesid (Zoocecid)’leri (kökeni hayvansal Bitki urları) üzerinde çalışmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı, (2-3): 185-225, (4): 259-291.
  • Al-Tamimi, M. M. A., 1997. Population Trends of Olive Leaf Midge Dasineura oleae Loew (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and the Effect of Some Insecticides on the Midge and its Parasites in Amman District. (Thesis or Dissertation), NCARE, Jordan, 77 pp.
  • Angelini, B., 1831. Degli insetti nocivi all´ulivo nella provincia Veronese. Memoria I. Memoria Accademia Agricoltura commercio arti, Verona, 12: 295-323, 325-357.
  • Anonymous, 2008. Zeytincilik Araştıma Enstitüsü, Bitki Sağlığı, 2.derece önemli zeytin zararlıları.(Web page: http://www.zae.gov.tr/bitkisagligi/iz.asp.) (Data accessed: Mayıs 2008)
  • Avidov, Z. & Harpaz, I. 1969. Plant Pests of Israel. Israel Universities Press, Jerusalem. 4. Bar-Joseph, M. and Gerson, U. (1977, second edition).
  • Barnes, H. F., 1948. Gall Midges of Economic Importance. Vol. 3. Gall Midges of Fruit. London, Crosby Lockwood & Son Ltd, 184 pp.
  • Coutin, R. & H. Katlabi, 1986. Cecidomyiidae. Entomologie oleicole. Arambourg, J. (ed.) COI, Madrid: 95-113.
  • Darvas, B., M. Skuhravá & A. Andersen, 2000. Agricultural Dipteran Pests of the Palaearctic Region, pp. 565-650. In: PAPP L. & DARVAS B. (editors): Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. General and Applied Dipterology. Science Herald, Budapest, 978 pp.
  • Del Guercio, G., 1910. Intorno a due nemici nuovi dell´olivo e alle gravi alterazioni che determinano. Redia, 6 (2): 282-297.
  • Doğanlar, M., J. LaSalle, E. Sertkaya & O. Doğanlar, 2009. A new species of Quadrastichus Girault, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) from Hatay, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 33: 309-314.
  • Doğanlar, M., 2011. Parasitoids complex of the olive leaf gall midges, Dasineura oleae (Angelini) 1831 and Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá 2011 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Hatay-Turkey, with descriptions of new genus and species of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 35 (2): (in press).
  • FAO, 1999. Determination of Pest Status in an Area. International Standards for Phytosanitary Measurements. Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Conservation, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, (Publication No. 8, November 1998) 17 pp.
  • Hepdurgun, B., 1998. Zeytin Kızılkurdu [Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)]‘nun Tanınması, İzmir İlindeki Yayılışı, Biyolojisi ve Doğal Düşmanları Üzerinde Araştırmalar. E. Ü. Fen Bil. Ens. Doktora Tezi, 105 s.
  • Hepdurgun, B. & F. Önder, 1999. Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) (Zeytin kizilkurdu)´nin biyolojisi üzerinde arastirmalar (Investigations on the biology of the olive gall midge (Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 23 (3): 191-202.
  • Hepdurgun B. & F. Önder, 2000. Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae) (Zeytin kizilkurdu)´nin taninmasi ve yayilisi üzerinde arastirmalar (Studies on the morphology and distribution of the olive fruit midge (Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli) (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 24 (2): 133-142.
  • Hrncic, S., 1998. A survey of olıve pests ın Montenegro. IV International Symposium on Olive Growing. ISHS Acta Horticulturae, 586: 23-28.
  • İren, Z. & M. K. Ahmet, 1973. Insect pests of Turkey found on deciduous fruits (Meyve zararlıları). Bitki Koruma Bülteni, Ek yayın, 1: 35-84.
  • İyriboz, N., 1940. Zeytin Zararlıları ve Hastalıkları. Karınca Matbaacılık Ticaret Şti, İzmir, 112 pp.
  • İyriboz, N., 1968. Zeytin Zararlıları ve Hastalıkları. Karınca Matbaacılık ve Ticaret Kollektif Şirketi, İzmir, 122 s.
  • Löw, F., 1885. Zwei neue Cecidomyia-Arten. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschift, 29: 109-112.
  • Mamaev, B. M., 1969. [26. Family Cecidomyiidae (Itonididae). Pp.: 356-420. In: Bei-Bienko G. Ya. (Editor): Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR. Vol. 5. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Part I. Leningrad.] (In Russian).
  • Paoli, G., 1907. Lasioptera berlesiana Paoli n. sp. Pp. 45-46. In: Materiali per la storia di alcuni insetti dell´olivo. Redia, 4: 1-95.
  • Skuhravá, M., 1986. Family: Cecidomyiidae, pp. 72-297. In: Soós, Á. & L. Papp (editors): Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 4. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó and Elsevier, Amsterdam, 441 pp.
  • Skuhravá, M., 1997. Family Cecidomyiidae, pp. 71-204, with 739 figs. In: PAPP L. & B. DARVAS (Eds): Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance). Vol. 2. Nematocera and Lower Brachycera. Budapest: Science Herald, 592 pp.
  • Skuhravá, M., 2006a. Species richness of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyidae) in the main biogeographic regions of the world. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 69: 327–372.
  • Skuhravá, M., Ş. Bayram, H. Çam, S. Tezcan & P. Can, 2005. Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Turkey. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 29 (1): 17-34.
  • Skuhravá, M. & V. Skuhravý, 1981. Die Gallmücken (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) des Schilfes (Phragmites communis Trin.). Studie ČSAV, (3): 1-150.
  • Skuhravá M. & V. Skuhravý, 1994. Gall midges (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) of Italy. Entomologica, Bari, 28: 45-76.
  • Skuhravá M. & V. Skuhravý, 1997. Gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) of Greece. Entomologica, Bari, 31: 13-75.
  • Skuhravá, M. & V. Skuhravý, 2010. Species richness of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in Europe (West Palaearctic): biogeography and coevolution with host plants. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 73: 87–156,
  • Skuhravá, M., V. Skuhravý, J. Blasco-Zumeta & J. Pujade, 2006. Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of the Iberian Peninsula. 2. Zoogeographical analysis of the gall midge fauna. Boletin de la Asociation Espanola de Entomologia, 30: 93-159.
  • Skuhravá, M., V. Skuhravý & B. Massa, 2007. Gall midges (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) of Sicily. Naturalista Siciliana, 31: 215-263.
  • Solinas, M., 1967. Osservazioni biologiche condotte in Puglia sulla Prolasioptera berlesiana Paoli, noc particolare riferimento au rapporti simbioti ci col Dacus oleae Gmel. A noc la Sphaeropsis dalmatica (Thüm.) Gigante. Entomologica, 3: 129-176.
  • Tastás-Duque, R. & E. Sylvén, 1989. Sensilla and cuticular appendages on the female abdomen of Lasioptera rubi (Schrank) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Acta Zoologica, 70 (3): 163-174.
  • Trotter, A., 1903. Galle della Penisola Balcanica e Asia minore. Nuovo Giornale botanico Italiano (Nuova serie), 10: 1-86.
  • Yukawa, J., 1971. A revision of the Japanese gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 8 (1): 1-203.
  • Yukawa, J. & S. Haitsuka, 1994. A new Cecidomyiid successor (Diptera) inhabiting empty midge galls. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62: 709-718.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mikdat Doğanlar

Erdal Sertkaya

Marcela Skuhravá This is me

Publication Date June 30, 2011
Submission Date September 15, 2010
Acceptance Date March 8, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 35 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Doğanlar, M., Sertkaya, E., & Skuhravá, M. (2011). Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 35(2), 265-284.
AMA Doğanlar M, Sertkaya E, Skuhravá M. Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey. TED. June 2011;35(2):265-284.
Chicago Doğanlar, Mikdat, Erdal Sertkaya, and Marcela Skuhravá. “Pest Status of Olive Leaf Gall Midge Dasineura Oleae (Angelini, 1831), Description of Lasioptera Oleicola Skuhravá Sp. New (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Effectiveness of Parasitoids on Their Populations in Hatay Turkey”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 35, no. 2 (June 2011): 265-84.
EndNote Doğanlar M, Sertkaya E, Skuhravá M (June 1, 2011) Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology 35 2 265–284.
IEEE M. Doğanlar, E. Sertkaya, and M. Skuhravá, “Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey”, TED, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 265–284, 2011.
ISNAD Doğanlar, Mikdat et al. “Pest Status of Olive Leaf Gall Midge Dasineura Oleae (Angelini, 1831), Description of Lasioptera Oleicola Skuhravá Sp. New (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Effectiveness of Parasitoids on Their Populations in Hatay Turkey”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 35/2 (June 2011), 265-284.
JAMA Doğanlar M, Sertkaya E, Skuhravá M. Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey. TED. 2011;35:265–284.
MLA Doğanlar, Mikdat et al. “Pest Status of Olive Leaf Gall Midge Dasineura Oleae (Angelini, 1831), Description of Lasioptera Oleicola Skuhravá Sp. New (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Effectiveness of Parasitoids on Their Populations in Hatay Turkey”. Turkish Journal of Entomology, vol. 35, no. 2, 2011, pp. 265-84.
Vancouver Doğanlar M, Sertkaya E, Skuhravá M. Pest status of olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (Angelini, 1831), description of Lasioptera oleicola Skuhravá sp. new (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and effectiveness of parasitoids on their populations in Hatay Turkey. TED. 2011;35(2):265-84.