Research Article
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Antimicrobial Activity of Grapefruit Seed

Year 2018, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 1 - 3, 15.01.2018

Abstract

Citrus paradisi Macfad. (Rutaceae), evergreen tree originally of Asiatic South West, is

also known as grapefruit. The fruit is known as an effective pharmacological remedy

and is used to prepare different cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to investigate

the antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic grapefruit seed extracts and

also glycerol solution of grapefruit seed against some bacteria and yeast. Disc diffusion

method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity. Depending on the results,

none of the grapefruit seed samples showed antimicrobial activity against all tested

microorganisms. Although the antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed has been reported

in many publications, this difference may be due to the variation in the contents of

polyphenols, especially flavonoids.

References

  • 1. Hung WL, Suh JH, Wang Y: Chemistry and health effects of furanocoumarins in grapefruit. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2017, 25:71-83.
  • 2. Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Roaro LM, Garcı´a-Aguirre K, GarciaMedina S, Alvarez-Gonzalez I: Grapefruit juice suppresses azoxymethane- induced colon aberrant crypt formation and induces antioxidant capacity in mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013, 14:6851-6856.
  • 3. Taddeo VA, Epifano F, Fiorito S, Genovese S: A novel oxyprenylated metabolite in Citrus paradisi Macfad. seeds extract. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 2015, 58:72-74.
  • 4. Navarro JM, Botía P, Pérez-Pérez JG: Influence of deficit irrigation timing on the fruit quality of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Mac.) Food Chemistry 2015, 175:329–336.
  • 5. Gorinstein S, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Krzeminski R, Gralak M, DelgadoLicon E, Martinez Ayala AL, Katrich E, Trakhtenberg S: Changes in plasma lipid and antioxidant activity in rats as a result of naringin and red grapefruit supplementation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2005, 53 (8): 3223–3228.
  • 6. Xu G, Liu D, Chen J, Ye X, Ma Y, Shi, J: Juice components and capacity of citrus varieties cultivated in China. Food Chemistry 2008, 106:545-551.
  • 7. Mertens-Talcott SU, Zadezensky I, De Castro WV, Derendorf H, Butterweck V. Grapefruit-Drug Interactions: Can Interactions With Drugs Be Avoided? The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2006, 46: 1390-1416.
  • 8. Vanamala J, Reddivari L, Yoo KS, Pike LM, Patil BS: Variation in the content of bioactive flavonoids in different brands of orange and grapefruit juices. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2006, 19: 157-166.
  • 9. Oyelami OA, Agbakwuru EA, Adeyemi LA, Adedeji GB: The effectiveness of grape fruit (Citrus paradisi) seeds in treating urinary tract infections. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 2005; 11(2): 369-371.
  • 10. Faleye FJ, Ogundaini AO, Olugbade AT: Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Citrus paradise (Grapefruit Seed) extracts. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation 2012, 1(3): 63-66.
  • 11. Cvetnic Z, Vladimir-Knezevic S: Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed and pulp ethanolic extract, Acta Pharmaceutica 2004, 54:243- 250.
  • 12. Lucera A, Mastromatteo M, Sinigaglia M, Corbo MR: Combined effects of thymol, cavacrol and grapefruit seed extract on lipid oxidation and colour stability of poultry meat preparation. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 2009, 44: 2256-2267.
  • 13. Jang SA, Shin YJ, Song KB: Effect of rapeseed protein-gelatin film containing grapefruit seed extract on ‘Maehyang’ strawberry quality. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 2011, 46: 620-625.
  • 14. Wayne PA, Performance standards for antimicrobial disc susceptibility test; approved standard M02-A10, 10th ed., Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2009, 29:1.
  • 15. Rangkadilok N, Tongchusak S, Boonhok R, Chaiyaroj SC, Junyaprasert VB, Buajeeb W, Akanimanee J, Raksasuk T, Suddhasthira T, Satayavivad J: In vitro antifungal activities of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour) seed extract. Fitoterapia 2012, 83:545-553.
  • 16. Krajewska-Kulak E, Lukaszuk C, Niczyporuk W: Antifungal activity of 33% grapefruit-water glycerol solution. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 2003, 17, 486-487.
  • 17. Mertens-Talcott Su, Zadezensky I, De Castro WV, Derendorf H, Butterweck V: Grapefruit-drug interactions: Can interactions with drug be avoided. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2006, 46:1390-1416.
  • 18. Al-Ani WN, Tawfih NOM, Shehab EY: Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seeds extracts (In vitro study). Al-Rafidain Dental Journal 2011, 11(2):341-345.
  • 19. Van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM, Őzek T, Demirci B, Başer, KHC: Seasonal and geographical variation of Heteropyxis natalensis essential oil and the effect thereof on the antimicrobial activity. South African Journal of Botany 2007, Vol. 73, 441-448.
  • 20. Cicek Polat D, Coskun M: Quantitative Determination of Icariin, Epimedin A, Epimedin B, and Epimedin C in Epimedium L. (Berberidaceae) Species Growing in Turkey by HPLC-DAD. Natural Product Communications 2016, 11(11), 1665-1666
Year 2018, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 1 - 3, 15.01.2018

Abstract

References

  • 1. Hung WL, Suh JH, Wang Y: Chemistry and health effects of furanocoumarins in grapefruit. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2017, 25:71-83.
  • 2. Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Roaro LM, Garcı´a-Aguirre K, GarciaMedina S, Alvarez-Gonzalez I: Grapefruit juice suppresses azoxymethane- induced colon aberrant crypt formation and induces antioxidant capacity in mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013, 14:6851-6856.
  • 3. Taddeo VA, Epifano F, Fiorito S, Genovese S: A novel oxyprenylated metabolite in Citrus paradisi Macfad. seeds extract. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 2015, 58:72-74.
  • 4. Navarro JM, Botía P, Pérez-Pérez JG: Influence of deficit irrigation timing on the fruit quality of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Mac.) Food Chemistry 2015, 175:329–336.
  • 5. Gorinstein S, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Krzeminski R, Gralak M, DelgadoLicon E, Martinez Ayala AL, Katrich E, Trakhtenberg S: Changes in plasma lipid and antioxidant activity in rats as a result of naringin and red grapefruit supplementation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2005, 53 (8): 3223–3228.
  • 6. Xu G, Liu D, Chen J, Ye X, Ma Y, Shi, J: Juice components and capacity of citrus varieties cultivated in China. Food Chemistry 2008, 106:545-551.
  • 7. Mertens-Talcott SU, Zadezensky I, De Castro WV, Derendorf H, Butterweck V. Grapefruit-Drug Interactions: Can Interactions With Drugs Be Avoided? The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2006, 46: 1390-1416.
  • 8. Vanamala J, Reddivari L, Yoo KS, Pike LM, Patil BS: Variation in the content of bioactive flavonoids in different brands of orange and grapefruit juices. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2006, 19: 157-166.
  • 9. Oyelami OA, Agbakwuru EA, Adeyemi LA, Adedeji GB: The effectiveness of grape fruit (Citrus paradisi) seeds in treating urinary tract infections. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 2005; 11(2): 369-371.
  • 10. Faleye FJ, Ogundaini AO, Olugbade AT: Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Citrus paradise (Grapefruit Seed) extracts. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation 2012, 1(3): 63-66.
  • 11. Cvetnic Z, Vladimir-Knezevic S: Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed and pulp ethanolic extract, Acta Pharmaceutica 2004, 54:243- 250.
  • 12. Lucera A, Mastromatteo M, Sinigaglia M, Corbo MR: Combined effects of thymol, cavacrol and grapefruit seed extract on lipid oxidation and colour stability of poultry meat preparation. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 2009, 44: 2256-2267.
  • 13. Jang SA, Shin YJ, Song KB: Effect of rapeseed protein-gelatin film containing grapefruit seed extract on ‘Maehyang’ strawberry quality. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 2011, 46: 620-625.
  • 14. Wayne PA, Performance standards for antimicrobial disc susceptibility test; approved standard M02-A10, 10th ed., Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2009, 29:1.
  • 15. Rangkadilok N, Tongchusak S, Boonhok R, Chaiyaroj SC, Junyaprasert VB, Buajeeb W, Akanimanee J, Raksasuk T, Suddhasthira T, Satayavivad J: In vitro antifungal activities of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour) seed extract. Fitoterapia 2012, 83:545-553.
  • 16. Krajewska-Kulak E, Lukaszuk C, Niczyporuk W: Antifungal activity of 33% grapefruit-water glycerol solution. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 2003, 17, 486-487.
  • 17. Mertens-Talcott Su, Zadezensky I, De Castro WV, Derendorf H, Butterweck V: Grapefruit-drug interactions: Can interactions with drug be avoided. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2006, 46:1390-1416.
  • 18. Al-Ani WN, Tawfih NOM, Shehab EY: Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seeds extracts (In vitro study). Al-Rafidain Dental Journal 2011, 11(2):341-345.
  • 19. Van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM, Őzek T, Demirci B, Başer, KHC: Seasonal and geographical variation of Heteropyxis natalensis essential oil and the effect thereof on the antimicrobial activity. South African Journal of Botany 2007, Vol. 73, 441-448.
  • 20. Cicek Polat D, Coskun M: Quantitative Determination of Icariin, Epimedin A, Epimedin B, and Epimedin C in Epimedium L. (Berberidaceae) Species Growing in Turkey by HPLC-DAD. Natural Product Communications 2016, 11(11), 1665-1666
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Derya Çiçek Polat

Müjde Eyılmaz

Kemalettin Akalın This is me

Maksut Coşkun This is me

Publication Date January 15, 2018
Acceptance Date February 20, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 38 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Çiçek Polat D, Eyılmaz M, Akalın K, Coşkun M. Antimicrobial Activity of Grapefruit Seed. HUJPHARM. 2018;38(1):1-3.