Research Article
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The mediating role of emotional eating in the relationship between aggression and eating attitudes

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 6, 1405 - 1410, 29.10.2023

Gözde Türkmen Tubanur Bayram Kuzgun

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1361353

Abstract

Aims: Negative emotions and thoughts are known to be associated with eating problems. In recent years, strong relationships have been established between disordered eating attitudes and aggression, which are important in the growth of increasing eating disorders. This article examines the mediatory role of emotional eating in the relationship between aggression and disordered eating attitudes in adult individuals.
Methods: The study included 293 participants, including 70 males and 223 females, accessed through a convenience sampling method. In the study, participants completed the Demographic Information Form, the Eating Attitude Test, the Buss-Perry Aggression Scale, and the Turkish Emotional Eating Scale.
Results: Participants with disordered eating attitudes and emotional eating were found to have significantly higher average aggression scores than participants with healthy eating attitudes and without emotional eating. There has been a positive significant relationship between hostility and emotional eating and between hostility and disordered eating attitudes. The results of the structural equation model showed that among the types of aggression, only hostility and all disordered eating attitudes (preoccupation with eating, restriction, social pressure) played an instrumental role in the relationship.
Conclusion: Hostility and emotional eating behavior should be addressed in different preventive studies and intervention programs in which disordered eating attitudes seem in the fields of both mental health and health sciences.

Keywords

Aggression emotional eating eating attitudes

Ethical Statement

The study was initiated with the approval of the Istanbul Arel University Ethics Committee (Date: 2020, Decision No: 15).

Thanks

The authors thank Arzu Coşkun for the English language evaluation of the manuscript.

References

  • Miotto P, Barbara P, Restaneo A, Favaretto G, Preti A. Aggressiveness, anger, and hostility in eating disorders. Compr Psychiatry. 2008;49(4):364-373.
  • Buss AH, Perry M. The aggression questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992;63(3):452.
  • Grzelak T, Dutkiewicz A, Paszynska E, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Slopien A, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M. Neurobiochemical and psychological factors influencing the eating behaviors and attitudes in anorexia nervosa. J Physiol Biochem. 2017;73(2):297-305.
  • Fairburn CG. Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders. Guilford Press; 2008.
  • Deveci, E. The prevalence of eating disorders in university students and psychosociocultural predictors: Istanbul sample. [dissertation]. Istanbul: Istanbul University faculty of Social Sciences; 2020.
  • Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med. 1982;12(4):871-878.
  • Macht M. How emotions affect eating: a five-way model. Appetite. 2008;50(1):1–11.
  • Hatsukami D, Owen P, Pyle R, Mitchell J. Similarities and differences on the MMPI between women with bulimia and women with alcohol or drug abuse problems. Addict Behav. 1982;7(4):435-439.
  • Waller G, Babbs M, Milligan R, Meyer C, Ohanian V, Leung N. Anger and core beliefs in the eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2003;34(1):118-124.
  • Engel SG, Boseck JJ, Crosby RD, et al. The relationship of momentary anger and impulsivity to bulimic behavior. Behav Res Ther. 2007;45(3):437-447.
  • Harrison A, Sullivan S, Tchanturia K, Treasure J. Emotion recognition and regulation in anorexia nervosa. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2009;16(4):348-356.
  • Harrison A, Sullivan S, Tchanturia K, Treasure J. Emotional functioning in eating disorders: attentional bias, emotion recognition and emotion regulation. Psychol Med. 2010;40(11):1887-1897.
  • Ioannou K, Fox JR. Perception of threat from emotions and its role in poor emotional expression within eating pathology. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2009;16(4):336-347.
  • Miotto P, De Coppi M, Frezza M, Petretto DR, Masala C, Preti A. Eating disorders and aggressiveness among adolescents. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003;108(3):183-189.
  • Quinton S, Wagner HL. Alexithymia, ambivalence over emotional expression, and eating attitudes. Pers Individ Dif. 2005;38(5):1163-1173.
  • Carmody TP, Brunner RL, St. Jeor ST. Hostility, dieting, and nutrition attitudes in overweight and weight‐cycling men and women. Int J Eat Disord. 1999;26(1):37-42.
  • Bruch H. Psychological aspects of overeating and obesity. Psychosomatics. 1964;5(5),269-274.
  • Arseneault L, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Taylor PJ, Silva PA. Mental disorders and violence in a total birth cohort: results from the Dunedin Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57(10):979-986.
  • Svaldi J, Griepenstroh J, Tuschen-Caffier B, Ehring, T. Emotion regulation deficits in eating disorders: a marker of eating pathology or general psychopathology. Psychiatry Res. 2012;197(1-2):103-111.
  • Goldschmidt AB, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA, et al. Momentary affect surrounding loss of control and overeating in obese adults with and without binge eating disorder. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012;20(6):1206-1211.
  • Smith KE, Mason TB, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA. A multimodal, naturalistic investigation of relationships between behavioral impulsivity, affect, and binge eating. Appetite. 2019;136:50-57.
  • Stevenson BL, Dvorak RD, Wonderlich SA, Crosby RD, Gordon KH. Emotions before and after loss of control eating. Eat Disord. 2018;26(6):505-522.
  • Becker D, Jostmann NB, Holland RW. Does approach bias modification really work in the eating domain? a commentary on Kakoschke et al. (2017). Addict Behav. 2018;77:293-294.
  • Berg KC, Crosby RD, Cao L, et al. Negative affect prior to and following overeating‐only, loss of control eating‐only, and binge eating episodes in obese adults. Int J Eat Disord. 2015;48(6):641-653.
  • Berg KC, Crosby RD, Cao L, et al. Facets of negative affect prior to and following binge-only, purge-only, and binge/purge events in women with bulimia nervosa. J Abnorm Psychol. 2013;122(1):111-118.
  • Sevinçer GM, Konuk N. Emosyonel yeme. J Mood Disord. 2013;3(4):171-178.
  • Waller G, Osman S. Emotional eating and eating psychopathology among non‐eating‐disordered women. Int J Eat Disord. 1998;23(4):419-424.
  • Fassino S, Abate-Daga G, Piero A, Rovera GG. Dropout from brief psychotherapy in anorexia nervosa. Psychother Psychosom. 2002;71:200–206.
  • Krug I, Bulik CM, Vall-Llovera ON et al. Anger expression in eating disorders: clinical, psychopathological and personality correlates. Psychiatry Res. 2008;161(2):195-205.
  • Truglia E, Mannucci E, Lassi S, Rotella CM, Faravelli C, Ricca V. Aggressiveness, anger and eating disorders: a review. Psychopathology. 2006;39(2):55-68.
  • Demirtaş-Madran A. Buss-Perry saldırganlık ölçeği’nin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 2013;24(2):124–129.
  • Bilgen SŞ. Türkçe Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği geliştirilmesi geçerlilik ve güvenirliği çalışması [masters’ thesis]. İstanbul: Uskudar University; 2018.
  • Erguney-Okumus F, Sertel-Berk H. The psychometric properties of the Eating Attitudes Test Short Form (EAT-26) in a college sample. Stud Psychol. 2020;40:57-78.
  • Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). NY, NY: Pearson; 2013.
  • McDonald RP, Ho MHR. Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychol Methods. 2002;7(1):64.
  • Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H, Müller H. Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online. 2003;8(2):23-74.
  • Baer-Barkley, Karen. Eating-Disorder Patterns in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personaity Inventory. [dissertation]. Ann Arbor: Andrews University; 1998.
  • Çaka SY, Çınar N, Altınkaynak S. Adolesanda yeme bozuklukları. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. 2018;7(1):203-209.
  • Hawks SR, Gast JA. Weight loss education: a path lit darkly. Health Educ Behav. 1998;25(3):371-82.
  • Boerhout C, Swart M, Van Busschbach JT, Hoek HW. Effect of aggression regulation on eating disorder pathology: RCT of a brief body and movement oriented intervention. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2016;24(2):114-121.

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 6, 1405 - 1410, 29.10.2023

Gözde Türkmen Tubanur Bayram Kuzgun

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1361353

Abstract

References

  • Miotto P, Barbara P, Restaneo A, Favaretto G, Preti A. Aggressiveness, anger, and hostility in eating disorders. Compr Psychiatry. 2008;49(4):364-373.
  • Buss AH, Perry M. The aggression questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992;63(3):452.
  • Grzelak T, Dutkiewicz A, Paszynska E, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Slopien A, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M. Neurobiochemical and psychological factors influencing the eating behaviors and attitudes in anorexia nervosa. J Physiol Biochem. 2017;73(2):297-305.
  • Fairburn CG. Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders. Guilford Press; 2008.
  • Deveci, E. The prevalence of eating disorders in university students and psychosociocultural predictors: Istanbul sample. [dissertation]. Istanbul: Istanbul University faculty of Social Sciences; 2020.
  • Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med. 1982;12(4):871-878.
  • Macht M. How emotions affect eating: a five-way model. Appetite. 2008;50(1):1–11.
  • Hatsukami D, Owen P, Pyle R, Mitchell J. Similarities and differences on the MMPI between women with bulimia and women with alcohol or drug abuse problems. Addict Behav. 1982;7(4):435-439.
  • Waller G, Babbs M, Milligan R, Meyer C, Ohanian V, Leung N. Anger and core beliefs in the eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2003;34(1):118-124.
  • Engel SG, Boseck JJ, Crosby RD, et al. The relationship of momentary anger and impulsivity to bulimic behavior. Behav Res Ther. 2007;45(3):437-447.
  • Harrison A, Sullivan S, Tchanturia K, Treasure J. Emotion recognition and regulation in anorexia nervosa. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2009;16(4):348-356.
  • Harrison A, Sullivan S, Tchanturia K, Treasure J. Emotional functioning in eating disorders: attentional bias, emotion recognition and emotion regulation. Psychol Med. 2010;40(11):1887-1897.
  • Ioannou K, Fox JR. Perception of threat from emotions and its role in poor emotional expression within eating pathology. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2009;16(4):336-347.
  • Miotto P, De Coppi M, Frezza M, Petretto DR, Masala C, Preti A. Eating disorders and aggressiveness among adolescents. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003;108(3):183-189.
  • Quinton S, Wagner HL. Alexithymia, ambivalence over emotional expression, and eating attitudes. Pers Individ Dif. 2005;38(5):1163-1173.
  • Carmody TP, Brunner RL, St. Jeor ST. Hostility, dieting, and nutrition attitudes in overweight and weight‐cycling men and women. Int J Eat Disord. 1999;26(1):37-42.
  • Bruch H. Psychological aspects of overeating and obesity. Psychosomatics. 1964;5(5),269-274.
  • Arseneault L, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Taylor PJ, Silva PA. Mental disorders and violence in a total birth cohort: results from the Dunedin Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57(10):979-986.
  • Svaldi J, Griepenstroh J, Tuschen-Caffier B, Ehring, T. Emotion regulation deficits in eating disorders: a marker of eating pathology or general psychopathology. Psychiatry Res. 2012;197(1-2):103-111.
  • Goldschmidt AB, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA, et al. Momentary affect surrounding loss of control and overeating in obese adults with and without binge eating disorder. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012;20(6):1206-1211.
  • Smith KE, Mason TB, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA. A multimodal, naturalistic investigation of relationships between behavioral impulsivity, affect, and binge eating. Appetite. 2019;136:50-57.
  • Stevenson BL, Dvorak RD, Wonderlich SA, Crosby RD, Gordon KH. Emotions before and after loss of control eating. Eat Disord. 2018;26(6):505-522.
  • Becker D, Jostmann NB, Holland RW. Does approach bias modification really work in the eating domain? a commentary on Kakoschke et al. (2017). Addict Behav. 2018;77:293-294.
  • Berg KC, Crosby RD, Cao L, et al. Negative affect prior to and following overeating‐only, loss of control eating‐only, and binge eating episodes in obese adults. Int J Eat Disord. 2015;48(6):641-653.
  • Berg KC, Crosby RD, Cao L, et al. Facets of negative affect prior to and following binge-only, purge-only, and binge/purge events in women with bulimia nervosa. J Abnorm Psychol. 2013;122(1):111-118.
  • Sevinçer GM, Konuk N. Emosyonel yeme. J Mood Disord. 2013;3(4):171-178.
  • Waller G, Osman S. Emotional eating and eating psychopathology among non‐eating‐disordered women. Int J Eat Disord. 1998;23(4):419-424.
  • Fassino S, Abate-Daga G, Piero A, Rovera GG. Dropout from brief psychotherapy in anorexia nervosa. Psychother Psychosom. 2002;71:200–206.
  • Krug I, Bulik CM, Vall-Llovera ON et al. Anger expression in eating disorders: clinical, psychopathological and personality correlates. Psychiatry Res. 2008;161(2):195-205.
  • Truglia E, Mannucci E, Lassi S, Rotella CM, Faravelli C, Ricca V. Aggressiveness, anger and eating disorders: a review. Psychopathology. 2006;39(2):55-68.
  • Demirtaş-Madran A. Buss-Perry saldırganlık ölçeği’nin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 2013;24(2):124–129.
  • Bilgen SŞ. Türkçe Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği geliştirilmesi geçerlilik ve güvenirliği çalışması [masters’ thesis]. İstanbul: Uskudar University; 2018.
  • Erguney-Okumus F, Sertel-Berk H. The psychometric properties of the Eating Attitudes Test Short Form (EAT-26) in a college sample. Stud Psychol. 2020;40:57-78.
  • Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). NY, NY: Pearson; 2013.
  • McDonald RP, Ho MHR. Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychol Methods. 2002;7(1):64.
  • Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H, Müller H. Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online. 2003;8(2):23-74.
  • Baer-Barkley, Karen. Eating-Disorder Patterns in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personaity Inventory. [dissertation]. Ann Arbor: Andrews University; 1998.
  • Çaka SY, Çınar N, Altınkaynak S. Adolesanda yeme bozuklukları. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. 2018;7(1):203-209.
  • Hawks SR, Gast JA. Weight loss education: a path lit darkly. Health Educ Behav. 1998;25(3):371-82.
  • Boerhout C, Swart M, Van Busschbach JT, Hoek HW. Effect of aggression regulation on eating disorder pathology: RCT of a brief body and movement oriented intervention. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2016;24(2):114-121.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Psychology
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Gözde Türkmen 0000-0003-0230-6268

Tubanur Bayram Kuzgun 0000-0002-0299-7284

Early Pub Date October 28, 2023
Publication Date October 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 6

Cite

AMA Türkmen G, Bayram Kuzgun T. The mediating role of emotional eating in the relationship between aggression and eating attitudes. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. October 2023;6(6):1405-1410. doi:10.32322/jhsm.1361353
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