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Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 35 - 52, 28.12.2018

Günay Özcan İbrahim Özmen

Abstract

Küreselleşme, yıllar
içindeki hızı ile ülkeler arasındaki birçok sonuçlarının yanı sıra eşitsizlik
ve gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkileri konusunda da tartışmalara neden
olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı yükselen ekonomilerde küreselleşme ve
gelir dağılımı ilişkisini incelemektir.



 Çalışmada küreselleşme ve gelir dağılımı
arasındaki ilişki, seçilmiş 7 Yükselen Piyasa ekonomisine ait 1994-2005
yıllarını kapsayan veriler yardımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada panel veri
analizi yöntemlerinden Ortalama Grup (Mean Goup (MG)), Ortak İlişkili Etkiler
(Common Correlated Effects (CCE)) ve Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup (Augmented
Mean Group (AMG)) eşbütünleşme tahmincileri kullanılmıştır.



Çalışmadan elde edilen
bulgular, küreselleşmenin (ticari dışa açıklığın) gelir eşitsizliği üzerinde
pozitif etkisinin olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Şili ve Romanya, küreselleşmenin
gelir eşitsizliği üzerine pozitif etkilerinin tespit edildiği ülkelerdir. Diğer
ülkelerde ise istatistiki olarak anlamsız bir ilişki söz konusudur.



 

Keywords

Küreselleşme Gelir Dağılımı Ticari Açıklık

References

  • Adabalı Mesut Murat ve Özcan, Ceyhun Can (2016), “Turizmin Ekonomi Politiği”, Bölüm adı: (Küreselleşme ve Turizm). Paradigma Akademi, Editör: Özcan Ceyhun Can, Basım sayısı:1, Sayfa Sayısı 361.
  • Anderson, Edward (2005), “Openness and Inequality in Developing Countries: A Review of Theroy and Recent Evidence”, World Development, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp: 1045-1065.
  • Asteriou, Dimitrios, Dimelis, Sophia ve Moudatsou, Argiro (2014), “Globalization and income inequality: A panel data econometric approach for the EU27 countries”, Economic modelling, Vol.36, pp: 592-599.
  • Baek, Inmee ve Shi, Qichao (2016), “Impact of Economic Globalization on Income Inequality: Developed Economies vs Emerging Economies”, Global Economy Journal. Vol.16 No. 1, pp: 49-61.
  • Bergh, Andreas ve Nilsson, Therese (2011), “Do liberalisation and globalization increase income inequality?”, European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 26, pp:488-505.
  • Bhagwati, Jagdish (2004), “In Defense of Globalization”, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Barro, Robert J. (2000), “Inequality And Growth İn A Panel Of Countries”. Journal of Economic Growth, Vol.5, No.1, pp: 5–32.
  • Beck, Thorsten, Demirgüc-Kunt, Aslı ve Levine, Ross (2007), “Finance, inequality, and the poor”, J. Econ. Growth Vol.12, pp: 27–49.
  • Borjas, George J. ve Ramey, Valerie Ann (1994), “Time-Series Evidence on the Sources of Trends in Wage Inequality”, The American Economic Review, Vol.84, pp: 10-16.
  • Bresusch T. S. ve Pagan, Adrian R.. (1980), “The Lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics”, Review of Economic Studies, Vol.47, No.1, pp: 239-253.
  • Calderon, Cesar ve Chong, Alberto (2001), “External Sector And Income Inequality in Interdependent Economies Using A Dynamic Panel Data Approach”, Economics Letters, Vol.71, No.2, pp: 225–231.
  • Chordokrak, Chatchai ve Chintrakarn. Pandej (2011), “Globalization, Technology, and Income Inequality: New Evidence”, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Vol. 62, pp: 7–14.
  • Cornia, Giovanni Andrea (1999), “Liberalization, Globalization and Income Distribution”, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, WIDER Working Paper, No: 157.
  • Cornia, Giovanni Andrea ve Kiiski, Sampsa (2002), “Trends in Income Distribution in the Post World War II Period: Evidence and Interpretation”, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, WIDER Working Paper, No: 2001/89.
  • Cornia, Giovanni Andrea (2004), “Inequality, Growth, and Poverty in an Era of Liberalization and Globalization”, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
  • Dluhosch, Barbara (1998), “Globalization and European Labor Markets”. Centre for Economic Policy Research, London, CEPR Discussion Paper, No:1992.
  • Dollar, David ve Kraay, Aart (2004), “Trade, growth and poverty”. The Economic Journal, Vol.114, pp: F22–F49.
  • Eberhartd Markus (2012), “Estimating panel time-series models with heterogeneous slopes”. The Stat Journal, Vol.12, No. 1, pp: 61-71.
  • Eberhartd Markus ve Bond, Sstephen (2009), “Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: A novel estimator”. Univesty Library of Munich. MPRA Paper, No:17870.
  • Eberhardt, Markus ve Teal, Francis (2011), “ Econometrics For Grumblers: A New Look At The Literature On CrossCountry Growth Empirics”, Journal of Economic Surveys, Vol.25, No. 1, pp:109–155, URL http: //ideas.repec.org/a/bla/jecsur/v25y2011i1p109-155.html.
  • Edwards, Sebastian (1997), “Trade Policy, Growth, and Income Distribution”, The American Economic Review, Vol. 87, No. 2, pp: 205-10.
  • Faustino, Horacio ve Vali, Carim (2011), “The Effects of Globalization on OECD Income Inequality: A static and dynamic analysis”, Working Paper, No: 12.
  • Feenstra, Robert C. ve Hanson, Gordon H.. (1997), “Foreign Direct Investment and Relative Wages: Evidence from Mexico’s Maquiladoras”, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 42, No.3–4, pp: 371–393.
  • Fischer, Ronald (2001), “The Evolution of Inequality After Trade Liberalisation”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp: 555–579.
  • Galbraith, James K. ve Kum, Hyunsub (2002), “Inequality and Economic Growth: Data Comparisons and Econometric Tests”, University of Texas, LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas Inequality Project, Austin.
  • Galbraith, James K. ve Halbach, Beatrice (2016), “A Comparison of Top Income Shares and Global Inequality Datasets”, The University of Texas Inequality Project, Working Paper, No: 73.
  • Goldberg-Koujianou Pinelopi ve Pavcnik, Nina (2007), “Distributional effects of globalization in developing countries”, J. Econ. Lit., Vol. 45, pp: 39–82.
  • Gourdon, Julien, Maystre, Nicolas ve De Melo, Jaime (2008), “Openness, Inequality, and Poverty: Endowments Matter”, Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp: 343–378.
  • Grossman, Gene M. ve Erossi-Hansberg, Esteban (2008), “Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Off Shoring”, The American Economic Review, Vol.98, pp: 1978–97.
  • Hennighausen, Tanja (2014), “Globalization and income inequality: The role of transmission mechanisms”, LIS Working Paper Series.
  • Heshmati, Almas (2003), “The Relationship between Income Inequality and Globalization”, WIDER, The United Nations University.
  • International Monetary Fund, (2007a), World Economic Outlook, Chapter 4: Globalization and Inequality, Washington DC. 31–65.
  • International Monetary Fund, (2007b), Reaping the benefits of financial globalization, www.imf.org/extrenal/np/res/docs/2007/0607.htm.
  • Jaumotte, Florence, Subir, Lall ve Papageorgiou, Chris (2008), “Rising Income Inequality: Technology, or Trade and Financial Globalization?”, IMF Workin Paper, No: WP/08/185.
  • Kar Muhsin ve Günay Enver (2003), “Küreselleşme ve Bölgesel Ekonomik Bütünleşmeler, Avrupa Birliği Ortak Politikalar ve Türkiye”, Beta Yayınları, İstanbul, 1. Baskı.
  • Konukman, Aziz ve Çiftçi, Cemil (2008), “Küreselleşmenin Gelir Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 19 (Özel sayı): 59-83.
  • Kratou, Hajer ve Goaied, Mohamed (2016), “How Can Globalization Affect Income Distribution? Evidence from Developing Countries”, The International Trade Journal, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp:1-27.
  • Lejour, Arjan M. ve Paul J. G. Tang (1999), “The Differential Impact of the South on Wage Inequality in the North”, Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis: The Hague
  • Lustig, Nora ve Kanbur, Ravi (1999), “Why Is Inequality Back on the Agenda?”, Paper prepared for the Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, April 28–30, World Bank, Washington.
  • Marjit, Sugata, Beladi, Hamit ve Chakrabarti, Avik (2004), “Trade and Wage inequality in Developing Countries”, Economic Inquiry, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp: 295-303.
  • Masca, Mahmut (1998), “Küreselleşmenin Ekonomik Yönden Analizi”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, Cilt. 4, ss: 347-373.
  • Melchior, Arne, Telle, Kjetil ve Wiig, Henrik (2000), “Globalisation and Inequality: World Income Distribution and Living Standards, 1960–1998”, Studies on Foreign Policy Issues Report. Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Oslo.
  • Milanovic, Branko ve Yitzhaki, Shlomo (2002), “Decomposing World Income Distribution: Does the World Have a Middle Class?”, Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp: 155–78.
  • Milanovic, Branko (2004), “Worlds Apart: Global and International Inequality 1950–2000”, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
  • Mundell, Robert A. (1957), “International Trade and Factor Mobility”, The American Economic Review, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp: 321–35.
  • Nazlıoğlu, Şaban (2010), “Makro İktisat Politikalarının Tarım Sektörü Üzerindeki Etkileri: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler için Bir Karşılaştırması”,, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Kayseri.
  • OECD (2005), OECD Handbook on Economic Globalization Indicators. Viewed 3rd October 2012, http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/materiales/docs/OCDE_handbook.pdf
  • Pesaran, Hashem M.. (2004), “General diagnostic test for cross section dependence in panels”, IZA Discussion Paper 1240. Institute for the Study of Labor.
  • Pesaran, Hashem M.. (2006), “Estimation and Inference in Large Heterogeneous Panels With a Multifactor Error Structure”, Econometrica. Vol. 74, pp: 967-1012.
  • Pesaran, Hashem M. ve Yamagata, Takashi (2008), “Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels”, Journal of Econometrics, Vol. 142, pp: 50-93.
  • Reuveny, Rafael ve Li, Quan (2003), “Economic Openness, Democracy and Income Inequality: An Empirical Analysis”, Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp: 575–601.
  • Pillai, Archana (2011), “Impact of Political Regime and Economic Openness on Income Inequality: A Tale of Low Income and OECD Countries”, The IUP Journal of Financial Economics , Vol. 9, No. 4, pp: 60–75.
  • Ravallion, Martin (2001), “Growth, İnequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond Averages”, World Development, Vol.29, No. 11, pp: 1803–1815.
  • Sala-i-Martin, Xavier (2002), “The Disturbing Rise of World Income Inequality”, NBER Working Paper 8904. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Schott, Peter K.. (1999), “One Size Fits All? Heckscher-Ohlin Specialization in Global Production”, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass, NBER Working Paper, No: 8244
  • Schultz, T. Paul (1998), “Inequality in the Distribution of Personal Income in the World: How It Is Changing and Why”, Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp: 307–44.
  • Smith, L. Vanessa, Leybourne, Stephen, Kim Tae-Hwan ve Newbold, Paul (2004), “More powerful panel data unit root tests with an application to mean reversion in real exchange rates”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.19, pp: 147-70.
  • Slaughter, Matthew J., ve Swagel, Phillip (1997), “The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies”, International Monetary Fund Staff Studies for World Economic Outlook. Washington, D.C.
  • Stiglitz, Joseph (2002), “Globalization and its Discontents”, New York: W. W. Norton.
  • University of Texas Inequalty Project, EHII, (http://utip.lbj.utexas.edu/data.html, Erişim Tarihi: 12.01.2017).
  • Westerlund, Joakim ve Edgerton, David L.. (2007), “A panel bootstrap cointegration test”, Economics Letters, Vol. 97, pp: 185-90.
  • World Trade Organization (2006). World Trade Report–2006.
  • Wood, Adrian (2002), “Globalization and Wage Inequalities: A Synthesis of Three Theories”, Review of World Economics, Vol. 138, No. 1, pp: 54–82.
  • Yanar, Rüstem ve Şahbaz, Ahmet (2013), “Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Küreselleşmenin Yoksulluk ve Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Eskişehir Osmangazi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt. 8, Sayı. 3, ss: 55-74.
  • Zhou, Lei, Biswas, Basudeb Bowles, Taylor ve Saunders, Peter J.. (2011), “Impact of globalization on Income Distribution Inequality in 60 countries”, Global Economy Journal, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp: 1-18.

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 35 - 52, 28.12.2018

Günay Özcan İbrahim Özmen

Abstract

References

  • Adabalı Mesut Murat ve Özcan, Ceyhun Can (2016), “Turizmin Ekonomi Politiği”, Bölüm adı: (Küreselleşme ve Turizm). Paradigma Akademi, Editör: Özcan Ceyhun Can, Basım sayısı:1, Sayfa Sayısı 361.
  • Anderson, Edward (2005), “Openness and Inequality in Developing Countries: A Review of Theroy and Recent Evidence”, World Development, Vol. 33, No. 7, pp: 1045-1065.
  • Asteriou, Dimitrios, Dimelis, Sophia ve Moudatsou, Argiro (2014), “Globalization and income inequality: A panel data econometric approach for the EU27 countries”, Economic modelling, Vol.36, pp: 592-599.
  • Baek, Inmee ve Shi, Qichao (2016), “Impact of Economic Globalization on Income Inequality: Developed Economies vs Emerging Economies”, Global Economy Journal. Vol.16 No. 1, pp: 49-61.
  • Bergh, Andreas ve Nilsson, Therese (2011), “Do liberalisation and globalization increase income inequality?”, European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 26, pp:488-505.
  • Bhagwati, Jagdish (2004), “In Defense of Globalization”, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Barro, Robert J. (2000), “Inequality And Growth İn A Panel Of Countries”. Journal of Economic Growth, Vol.5, No.1, pp: 5–32.
  • Beck, Thorsten, Demirgüc-Kunt, Aslı ve Levine, Ross (2007), “Finance, inequality, and the poor”, J. Econ. Growth Vol.12, pp: 27–49.
  • Borjas, George J. ve Ramey, Valerie Ann (1994), “Time-Series Evidence on the Sources of Trends in Wage Inequality”, The American Economic Review, Vol.84, pp: 10-16.
  • Bresusch T. S. ve Pagan, Adrian R.. (1980), “The Lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics”, Review of Economic Studies, Vol.47, No.1, pp: 239-253.
  • Calderon, Cesar ve Chong, Alberto (2001), “External Sector And Income Inequality in Interdependent Economies Using A Dynamic Panel Data Approach”, Economics Letters, Vol.71, No.2, pp: 225–231.
  • Chordokrak, Chatchai ve Chintrakarn. Pandej (2011), “Globalization, Technology, and Income Inequality: New Evidence”, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Vol. 62, pp: 7–14.
  • Cornia, Giovanni Andrea (1999), “Liberalization, Globalization and Income Distribution”, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, WIDER Working Paper, No: 157.
  • Cornia, Giovanni Andrea ve Kiiski, Sampsa (2002), “Trends in Income Distribution in the Post World War II Period: Evidence and Interpretation”, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, WIDER Working Paper, No: 2001/89.
  • Cornia, Giovanni Andrea (2004), “Inequality, Growth, and Poverty in an Era of Liberalization and Globalization”, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
  • Dluhosch, Barbara (1998), “Globalization and European Labor Markets”. Centre for Economic Policy Research, London, CEPR Discussion Paper, No:1992.
  • Dollar, David ve Kraay, Aart (2004), “Trade, growth and poverty”. The Economic Journal, Vol.114, pp: F22–F49.
  • Eberhartd Markus (2012), “Estimating panel time-series models with heterogeneous slopes”. The Stat Journal, Vol.12, No. 1, pp: 61-71.
  • Eberhartd Markus ve Bond, Sstephen (2009), “Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: A novel estimator”. Univesty Library of Munich. MPRA Paper, No:17870.
  • Eberhardt, Markus ve Teal, Francis (2011), “ Econometrics For Grumblers: A New Look At The Literature On CrossCountry Growth Empirics”, Journal of Economic Surveys, Vol.25, No. 1, pp:109–155, URL http: //ideas.repec.org/a/bla/jecsur/v25y2011i1p109-155.html.
  • Edwards, Sebastian (1997), “Trade Policy, Growth, and Income Distribution”, The American Economic Review, Vol. 87, No. 2, pp: 205-10.
  • Faustino, Horacio ve Vali, Carim (2011), “The Effects of Globalization on OECD Income Inequality: A static and dynamic analysis”, Working Paper, No: 12.
  • Feenstra, Robert C. ve Hanson, Gordon H.. (1997), “Foreign Direct Investment and Relative Wages: Evidence from Mexico’s Maquiladoras”, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 42, No.3–4, pp: 371–393.
  • Fischer, Ronald (2001), “The Evolution of Inequality After Trade Liberalisation”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp: 555–579.
  • Galbraith, James K. ve Kum, Hyunsub (2002), “Inequality and Economic Growth: Data Comparisons and Econometric Tests”, University of Texas, LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas Inequality Project, Austin.
  • Galbraith, James K. ve Halbach, Beatrice (2016), “A Comparison of Top Income Shares and Global Inequality Datasets”, The University of Texas Inequality Project, Working Paper, No: 73.
  • Goldberg-Koujianou Pinelopi ve Pavcnik, Nina (2007), “Distributional effects of globalization in developing countries”, J. Econ. Lit., Vol. 45, pp: 39–82.
  • Gourdon, Julien, Maystre, Nicolas ve De Melo, Jaime (2008), “Openness, Inequality, and Poverty: Endowments Matter”, Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp: 343–378.
  • Grossman, Gene M. ve Erossi-Hansberg, Esteban (2008), “Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Off Shoring”, The American Economic Review, Vol.98, pp: 1978–97.
  • Hennighausen, Tanja (2014), “Globalization and income inequality: The role of transmission mechanisms”, LIS Working Paper Series.
  • Heshmati, Almas (2003), “The Relationship between Income Inequality and Globalization”, WIDER, The United Nations University.
  • International Monetary Fund, (2007a), World Economic Outlook, Chapter 4: Globalization and Inequality, Washington DC. 31–65.
  • International Monetary Fund, (2007b), Reaping the benefits of financial globalization, www.imf.org/extrenal/np/res/docs/2007/0607.htm.
  • Jaumotte, Florence, Subir, Lall ve Papageorgiou, Chris (2008), “Rising Income Inequality: Technology, or Trade and Financial Globalization?”, IMF Workin Paper, No: WP/08/185.
  • Kar Muhsin ve Günay Enver (2003), “Küreselleşme ve Bölgesel Ekonomik Bütünleşmeler, Avrupa Birliği Ortak Politikalar ve Türkiye”, Beta Yayınları, İstanbul, 1. Baskı.
  • Konukman, Aziz ve Çiftçi, Cemil (2008), “Küreselleşmenin Gelir Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 19 (Özel sayı): 59-83.
  • Kratou, Hajer ve Goaied, Mohamed (2016), “How Can Globalization Affect Income Distribution? Evidence from Developing Countries”, The International Trade Journal, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp:1-27.
  • Lejour, Arjan M. ve Paul J. G. Tang (1999), “The Differential Impact of the South on Wage Inequality in the North”, Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis: The Hague
  • Lustig, Nora ve Kanbur, Ravi (1999), “Why Is Inequality Back on the Agenda?”, Paper prepared for the Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, April 28–30, World Bank, Washington.
  • Marjit, Sugata, Beladi, Hamit ve Chakrabarti, Avik (2004), “Trade and Wage inequality in Developing Countries”, Economic Inquiry, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp: 295-303.
  • Masca, Mahmut (1998), “Küreselleşmenin Ekonomik Yönden Analizi”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, Cilt. 4, ss: 347-373.
  • Melchior, Arne, Telle, Kjetil ve Wiig, Henrik (2000), “Globalisation and Inequality: World Income Distribution and Living Standards, 1960–1998”, Studies on Foreign Policy Issues Report. Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Oslo.
  • Milanovic, Branko ve Yitzhaki, Shlomo (2002), “Decomposing World Income Distribution: Does the World Have a Middle Class?”, Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp: 155–78.
  • Milanovic, Branko (2004), “Worlds Apart: Global and International Inequality 1950–2000”, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
  • Mundell, Robert A. (1957), “International Trade and Factor Mobility”, The American Economic Review, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp: 321–35.
  • Nazlıoğlu, Şaban (2010), “Makro İktisat Politikalarının Tarım Sektörü Üzerindeki Etkileri: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler için Bir Karşılaştırması”,, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Kayseri.
  • OECD (2005), OECD Handbook on Economic Globalization Indicators. Viewed 3rd October 2012, http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/materiales/docs/OCDE_handbook.pdf
  • Pesaran, Hashem M.. (2004), “General diagnostic test for cross section dependence in panels”, IZA Discussion Paper 1240. Institute for the Study of Labor.
  • Pesaran, Hashem M.. (2006), “Estimation and Inference in Large Heterogeneous Panels With a Multifactor Error Structure”, Econometrica. Vol. 74, pp: 967-1012.
  • Pesaran, Hashem M. ve Yamagata, Takashi (2008), “Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels”, Journal of Econometrics, Vol. 142, pp: 50-93.
  • Reuveny, Rafael ve Li, Quan (2003), “Economic Openness, Democracy and Income Inequality: An Empirical Analysis”, Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp: 575–601.
  • Pillai, Archana (2011), “Impact of Political Regime and Economic Openness on Income Inequality: A Tale of Low Income and OECD Countries”, The IUP Journal of Financial Economics , Vol. 9, No. 4, pp: 60–75.
  • Ravallion, Martin (2001), “Growth, İnequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond Averages”, World Development, Vol.29, No. 11, pp: 1803–1815.
  • Sala-i-Martin, Xavier (2002), “The Disturbing Rise of World Income Inequality”, NBER Working Paper 8904. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Schott, Peter K.. (1999), “One Size Fits All? Heckscher-Ohlin Specialization in Global Production”, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass, NBER Working Paper, No: 8244
  • Schultz, T. Paul (1998), “Inequality in the Distribution of Personal Income in the World: How It Is Changing and Why”, Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp: 307–44.
  • Smith, L. Vanessa, Leybourne, Stephen, Kim Tae-Hwan ve Newbold, Paul (2004), “More powerful panel data unit root tests with an application to mean reversion in real exchange rates”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.19, pp: 147-70.
  • Slaughter, Matthew J., ve Swagel, Phillip (1997), “The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies”, International Monetary Fund Staff Studies for World Economic Outlook. Washington, D.C.
  • Stiglitz, Joseph (2002), “Globalization and its Discontents”, New York: W. W. Norton.
  • University of Texas Inequalty Project, EHII, (http://utip.lbj.utexas.edu/data.html, Erişim Tarihi: 12.01.2017).
  • Westerlund, Joakim ve Edgerton, David L.. (2007), “A panel bootstrap cointegration test”, Economics Letters, Vol. 97, pp: 185-90.
  • World Trade Organization (2006). World Trade Report–2006.
  • Wood, Adrian (2002), “Globalization and Wage Inequalities: A Synthesis of Three Theories”, Review of World Economics, Vol. 138, No. 1, pp: 54–82.
  • Yanar, Rüstem ve Şahbaz, Ahmet (2013), “Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Küreselleşmenin Yoksulluk ve Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Eskişehir Osmangazi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt. 8, Sayı. 3, ss: 55-74.
  • Zhou, Lei, Biswas, Basudeb Bowles, Taylor ve Saunders, Peter J.. (2011), “Impact of globalization on Income Distribution Inequality in 60 countries”, Global Economy Journal, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp: 1-18.
There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Günay Özcan 0000-0002-1950-4255

İbrahim Özmen 0000-0003-2632-4217

Publication Date December 28, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özcan, G., & Özmen, İ. (2018). Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2), 35-52.
AMA Özcan G, Özmen İ. Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. December 2018;8(2):35-52.
Chicago Özcan, Günay, and İbrahim Özmen. “Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 8, no. 2 (December 2018): 35-52.
EndNote Özcan G, Özmen İ (December 1, 2018) Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 8 2 35–52.
IEEE G. Özcan and İ. Özmen, “Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?”, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 35–52, 2018.
ISNAD Özcan, Günay - Özmen, İbrahim. “Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 8/2 (December 2018), 35-52.
JAMA Özcan G, Özmen İ. Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;8:35–52.
MLA Özcan, Günay and İbrahim Özmen. “Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?”. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, 2018, pp. 35-52.
Vancouver Özcan G, Özmen İ. Küreselleşme Yükselen Ekonomilerde Gelir Dağılımını Etkiler Mi?. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;8(2):35-52.