Abstract
The growing locations of plants may affect product quality adversely in several ways. Fruits containing a different percentage of chemicals may cause adverse physicochemical properties. This study, it was evaluated certain physicochemical properties of fruits obtained from Strawberry Tree fruits (Arbutus andrachne L.) which were collected from four different geographical locations of stands that are managed Regional Directorate of Forestry. A considerable physicochemical difference was found among the fruit samples. The highest color differences among samples were found with sample IV (ΔE: 15.4), followed by sample I (ΔE: 15.1), sample III (ΔE: 7.6) and sample II (ΔE: 3.6), respectively. However, the size properties (diameter and weight) of samples also show some variations. The highest average diameter (12.42 mm) and weight (1.13 g) with a sugar content of 33.81 °Bx were found to be in sample I. The sugar content difference is realizable result was found to be high at lower diameters but at higher weights. Moreover, the total existence of 43 essential oil compounds is determined for sample I and 35 compounds for sample IV, while 31 of them are similar, which represents 97.07% for sample I and 91.78% for sample IV. These values may be a good indication of the geographical locations of the physicochemical properties of fruits of A. andrachne.
References
- Agoston, G. A. (2013). Color theory and its application in art and design (Vol. 19). Springer.
- Alarcão-E-Silva, M. L. C. M. M., Leitão, A. E. B., Azinheira, H. G., & Leitão, M. C. A. (2001). The Arbutus Berry: Studies on its color and chemical characteristics at two mature stages. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 14(1), 27-35.
- Anonymous (2024a). Extension.oregonstate.edu. (n.d.). Environmental Factors Affecting Plant Growth. Retrieved from https://extension. oregonstate.edu/gardening/techniques/environmental-factors- affecting-plant-growth
- Anonymous (2024b).Architecturalplants.com. (n.d.). Arbutus x Andrachnoides. Retrieved from https://www.architecturalplants.com/product/arbutus-x-andrachnoides/
- Anonymous (2024c). Waterwisegardenplanner.org. (n.d.). Arbutus unedo Compacta. Retrieved from https://waterwisegardenplanner.org/plants/arbutus-unedo-compacta/
- Bento, I., & Pereira, J. A. (2011). Arbutus unedo L. and its benefits on human health. J. Food Nutr. Res, 50, 73-85.
- Beyhan, Ö., Demir, T., & Zenginbal, H. (2020). Determination of Some Important Pomological and Biochemical Properties of the Genotypes of Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) Selected in Bolu Province in Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 1(1), 31-38.
- Bible, B. B., & Singha, S. (1993). Canopy position influences CIELAB coordinates of peach color. HortScience, 28(10), 992-993.
- Bolade, M. K., Oluwalana, I. B., & Ojo, O. (2009). Commercial practice of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) beverage production: Optimization of hot water extraction and sweetness level. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5(1), 126-131.
- Chauhan, O. P., Archana, B. S., Singh, A., & Raju, P. S., Bawa, A. S. (2014). A refreshing beverage from mature coconut water blended with lemon juice. Journal of food science and technology, 51(11), 3355-3361.
- Isbilir, S. S., Orak, H. H., Yagar, H., & Ekinci, N. (2012). Determination of antioxidant activities of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) flowers and fruits at different ripening stages. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus, 11(3), 221-237.
- Kappes, S. M., Schmidt, S. J., & Lee, S. Y. (2007). Relationship between physical properties and sensory attributes of carbonated beverages. Journal of Food Science, 72(1), S001-S011.
- Kivcak, B., Mert, T., Demirci, B., & Baser, K. H. C. (2001). Composition of the essential oil of Arbutus unedo. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 37, 445-446.
- Körner, C., Neumayer, M., Menendez-Riedl, S. P., & Smeets-Scheel, A. (1989). Functional morphology of mountain plants. Flora, 182(5-6), 353-383.
- Krantz, D. H. (1975). Color measurement and color theory: II. Opponent-colors theory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 12(3), 304-327.
- Markovski, A. (2017). Morphological characteristics of Greek strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne L.) genotypes. Acta Agriculturae Serbica, 22(44), 193-206.
- Miguel, M. G., Faleiro, M. L., Guerreiro, A. C., & Antunes, M. D. (2014). Arbutus unedo L.: chemical and biological properties. Molecules, 19(10), 15799-15823.
- Nemutlu, F. E. (2022). Aesthetıc Plant Suggestıon From Çanakkale Flora To Urban Landscape: Arbutus unedo L. Uluslararası Peyzaj Mimarlığı Araştırmaları Dergisi (IJLAR), 6(2), 32-41.
- Oliveira, I., Baptista, P., Malheiro, R., Casal, S., Bento, A., & Pereira, J. A. (2011). Influence of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruit ripening stage on chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Food Research International, 44(5), 1401-1407.
- Özcan, M. M., & Hacıseferoğulları, H. (2007). The strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits: chemical composition, physical properties and mineral contents. Journal of Food Engineering, 78(3), 1022-1028.
- Pék, Z., Helyes, L., & Lugasi, A. (2010). Color changes and antioxidant content of vine and postharvest-ripened tomato fruits. HortScience, 45(3), 466-468.
- Sagdic O., Ozturk I., & Tornuk F. (2013). Inactivation of nontoxigenic and toxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated on minimally processed tomatoes and cucumbers: Utilization of hydrosols of Lamiaceae spices as natural food sanitizers. Food Control, 30(1), 7-14.
- Sahin, C. K., Topay, M., & Var, A. A. (2020). A study on the suitability of some wood species for landscape applications: surface color, hardness and roughness changes at outdoor conditions. Wood Research, 65(3), 395-404.
- Sahin, H.T., Arslan, M.B., Korkut, S., & Sahin, C. (2011). Color changes of heat‐treated woods of red‐bud maple, European hophornbeam, and oak. Color Research & Application, 36(6), 462-466.
- Santiso Carral, X. (2015). Genetic structure and geographic variation in ecophysiological traits of Arbutus unedo L. (Ph.D thesis), Unıversıdade De Santıago De Compostela Facultade De Bıoloxía, Santiago de Compostela, Maio 2015 Spain.
- Tatliyer A, Kamalak A, Öztürk D. (2019). Sandal Ağacı (Arbutus andrachne) Yapraklarının Potansiyel Besleme Değerinin Belirlenmesi. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Derg, 22(2), 315-321. DOI: 10.18016.ksutarimdoga.vi.478849.
- Uggla, M., Gustavsson, K. E., Olsson, M. E., & Nybom, H. (2005). Changes in color and sugar content in rose hips (Rosa dumalis L. and R. rubiginosa L.) during ripening. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 80(2), 204-208.
- Vidrih, R., Hribar, J., Prgomet, Ž., & Poklar Ulrih, N. (2013). The physicochemical properties of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits. Croatian journal of food science and technology, 5(1), 29-33.
Abstract
Yetişme ortamları bitkilerden elde edilen ürünlerin kalitesine birçok yönden etkileyebilir. Değişik oranlarda kimyasal madde içeren meyvelerin özelliklerinin farklı olması beklenebilir. Bu çalışmada, Isparta Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü yetki alanındaki dört farklı coğrafi bölgeden toplanan Çilek Ağaçlarından (Arbutus andrachne L.) meyvelerin genel özellikleri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların istatistiksel analizi sonucu meyve örnekleri arasında, fizikokimyasal özellikler bakımından (renk, ağırlık, uçucu yağ içeriği) önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Numuneler arasında en yüksek renk farkı (ΔE) numune IV (ΔE: 15.4) ile ve daha sonra sırasıyla numune I (ΔE: 15.1), numune III (ΔE: 7.6) ve numune II (ΔE: 3.6) de gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca meyvelerin fiziksel boyut özellikleri (çap ve ağırlık) bakımından da önemli farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. En yüksek ortalama çap (12.42 mm) ve ağırlık (1.13 g) ile birlikte şeker içeriği (brix sayısı) 33.81 °Bx ile numune I'de hesaplanmıştır. Numuneler arasında şeker oranı, fark edilebilir olarak daha düşük çapa fakat daha yüksek ağırlığa sahip meyvelerde hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, numune I için toplam 43, numune IV için ise toplam 35 uçucu yağ bileşiği tespit edilmiş fakat bunlardan 31'inin her iki meyve örneklerinde de ortak olarak bulunduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu ortak bileşikler, toplam uçucu yağ oranının numune I için %97.07’ini numune IV için ise %91.78’ini oluşturduğu hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen verilerden, A. andrachne meyvelerinin fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin, coğrafi yetişme ortamlarının açıklanması bakımından bir gösterge olabileceği olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
References
- Agoston, G. A. (2013). Color theory and its application in art and design (Vol. 19). Springer.
- Alarcão-E-Silva, M. L. C. M. M., Leitão, A. E. B., Azinheira, H. G., & Leitão, M. C. A. (2001). The Arbutus Berry: Studies on its color and chemical characteristics at two mature stages. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 14(1), 27-35.
- Anonymous (2024a). Extension.oregonstate.edu. (n.d.). Environmental Factors Affecting Plant Growth. Retrieved from https://extension. oregonstate.edu/gardening/techniques/environmental-factors- affecting-plant-growth
- Anonymous (2024b).Architecturalplants.com. (n.d.). Arbutus x Andrachnoides. Retrieved from https://www.architecturalplants.com/product/arbutus-x-andrachnoides/
- Anonymous (2024c). Waterwisegardenplanner.org. (n.d.). Arbutus unedo Compacta. Retrieved from https://waterwisegardenplanner.org/plants/arbutus-unedo-compacta/
- Bento, I., & Pereira, J. A. (2011). Arbutus unedo L. and its benefits on human health. J. Food Nutr. Res, 50, 73-85.
- Beyhan, Ö., Demir, T., & Zenginbal, H. (2020). Determination of Some Important Pomological and Biochemical Properties of the Genotypes of Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) Selected in Bolu Province in Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 1(1), 31-38.
- Bible, B. B., & Singha, S. (1993). Canopy position influences CIELAB coordinates of peach color. HortScience, 28(10), 992-993.
- Bolade, M. K., Oluwalana, I. B., & Ojo, O. (2009). Commercial practice of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) beverage production: Optimization of hot water extraction and sweetness level. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5(1), 126-131.
- Chauhan, O. P., Archana, B. S., Singh, A., & Raju, P. S., Bawa, A. S. (2014). A refreshing beverage from mature coconut water blended with lemon juice. Journal of food science and technology, 51(11), 3355-3361.
- Isbilir, S. S., Orak, H. H., Yagar, H., & Ekinci, N. (2012). Determination of antioxidant activities of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) flowers and fruits at different ripening stages. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus, 11(3), 221-237.
- Kappes, S. M., Schmidt, S. J., & Lee, S. Y. (2007). Relationship between physical properties and sensory attributes of carbonated beverages. Journal of Food Science, 72(1), S001-S011.
- Kivcak, B., Mert, T., Demirci, B., & Baser, K. H. C. (2001). Composition of the essential oil of Arbutus unedo. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 37, 445-446.
- Körner, C., Neumayer, M., Menendez-Riedl, S. P., & Smeets-Scheel, A. (1989). Functional morphology of mountain plants. Flora, 182(5-6), 353-383.
- Krantz, D. H. (1975). Color measurement and color theory: II. Opponent-colors theory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 12(3), 304-327.
- Markovski, A. (2017). Morphological characteristics of Greek strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne L.) genotypes. Acta Agriculturae Serbica, 22(44), 193-206.
- Miguel, M. G., Faleiro, M. L., Guerreiro, A. C., & Antunes, M. D. (2014). Arbutus unedo L.: chemical and biological properties. Molecules, 19(10), 15799-15823.
- Nemutlu, F. E. (2022). Aesthetıc Plant Suggestıon From Çanakkale Flora To Urban Landscape: Arbutus unedo L. Uluslararası Peyzaj Mimarlığı Araştırmaları Dergisi (IJLAR), 6(2), 32-41.
- Oliveira, I., Baptista, P., Malheiro, R., Casal, S., Bento, A., & Pereira, J. A. (2011). Influence of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruit ripening stage on chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Food Research International, 44(5), 1401-1407.
- Özcan, M. M., & Hacıseferoğulları, H. (2007). The strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits: chemical composition, physical properties and mineral contents. Journal of Food Engineering, 78(3), 1022-1028.
- Pék, Z., Helyes, L., & Lugasi, A. (2010). Color changes and antioxidant content of vine and postharvest-ripened tomato fruits. HortScience, 45(3), 466-468.
- Sagdic O., Ozturk I., & Tornuk F. (2013). Inactivation of nontoxigenic and toxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated on minimally processed tomatoes and cucumbers: Utilization of hydrosols of Lamiaceae spices as natural food sanitizers. Food Control, 30(1), 7-14.
- Sahin, C. K., Topay, M., & Var, A. A. (2020). A study on the suitability of some wood species for landscape applications: surface color, hardness and roughness changes at outdoor conditions. Wood Research, 65(3), 395-404.
- Sahin, H.T., Arslan, M.B., Korkut, S., & Sahin, C. (2011). Color changes of heat‐treated woods of red‐bud maple, European hophornbeam, and oak. Color Research & Application, 36(6), 462-466.
- Santiso Carral, X. (2015). Genetic structure and geographic variation in ecophysiological traits of Arbutus unedo L. (Ph.D thesis), Unıversıdade De Santıago De Compostela Facultade De Bıoloxía, Santiago de Compostela, Maio 2015 Spain.
- Tatliyer A, Kamalak A, Öztürk D. (2019). Sandal Ağacı (Arbutus andrachne) Yapraklarının Potansiyel Besleme Değerinin Belirlenmesi. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Derg, 22(2), 315-321. DOI: 10.18016.ksutarimdoga.vi.478849.
- Uggla, M., Gustavsson, K. E., Olsson, M. E., & Nybom, H. (2005). Changes in color and sugar content in rose hips (Rosa dumalis L. and R. rubiginosa L.) during ripening. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 80(2), 204-208.
- Vidrih, R., Hribar, J., Prgomet, Ž., & Poklar Ulrih, N. (2013). The physicochemical properties of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits. Croatian journal of food science and technology, 5(1), 29-33.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Plant Biochemistry |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | April 23, 2024 |
| Publication Date | |
| Submission Date | May 23, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | December 3, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024Volume: 27 Issue: 4 |
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