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1973 Ramazan / Yom Kippur Savaşı ve Orta Doğu

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 129 - 151, 30.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.52792/tws.1114113

Abstract

İsrail’in 1948 yılında Filistin toprakları üzerinde bir devlet olarak ortaya çıkması ile 20.yüzyıl Ortadoğu tarihinin en dramatik ve sorunlu safhalarından biri başlamıştır. Bunun sonucunda da 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına gerek bölge gerekse de Dünya siyasetini derinden etkileyen en az üç büyük savaş sığdırılmıştır. 1948 yılında uluslararası ortama katılımından bu yana çevresindeki ülkeler ile anlaşmazlık ve çatışma halinde olan İsrail, bu yüzden dış politika ve savunma alanında herşeyi güvenlikleştirmiştir. İşte bu çalışmada incelenecek olan 1973 Ramazan/Yom Kippur Savaşı Ortadoğu’nun görünüşünü değiştiren o üç büyük savaştan biridir. O dönemde dünya siyasi ve ekonomik ortamına da ciddi derecede etki etmiştir. İsrail dış politikasında ortaya çıkan bu durumun kaynağında, varlığı daimî kabul edilen yaşamsal tehdit algısı ve düşmanlarla çevrili bir bölgede yeni kurulan bir devlet olma durumunun olduğu görülmektedir. Bu anlayışın kısmen değişmesi ve sürecin daha sistematik bir biçime dönüşmesi için uzun süre beklenmesi gerekmiştir. İşte Yom Kippur Savaşı ve savaş sonrasında ortaya çıkan durum bu dönüşümü hızlandırmıştır. Gerek İsrail’in gerekse de Arap dünyasının kendisine olan bakışını değiştirmiş, o zamana kadar genel kabul görür hale gelen bazı mitlerin de yıkılmasına neden olmuştur. Bu açıdan bakıldığında, Yom Kippur Savaşı sonrasında ortaya çıkan siyasi ve askeri kırılmanın sadece İsrail tarafında değil, Arap ülkeleri tarafında da var olduğu görülmektedir. Bu da Yom Kippur Savaşı’nı bölge ve dünya siyaseti açısından önemli hale getirmektedir.

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References

  • Aboul-Enein, Youssef H., “The Yom Kippur War: The Memoirs of Egyptian Generals,” Military Review, 83/1 (2003): 52-59.
  • Abouseada, Hamdy Sobhy, The Crossing of the Suez Canal, October 6, 1973 (The Ramadan War), Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania: USAWC Strategy Research Project, U. S. Army War College, 2000.
  • Al-Gamassy, Abd-al-Ghanny, Muzakiraat al-Sittar, Kahire: Mısır Yazarlar Birliği, 1997. Al-Gamassy, Abd-al-Ghanny, Harb Oktoober Thallattah wa Sabeen, Kahire: Mısır Yazarlar Birliği, 1998.
  • Al-Jouder, Ebrahim, “Operational Level of War, The Egyptian /Israeli War, 1973,” Global Security, CSC 1997, Conference Group 4, (27 Mart 1997), http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1997/Al-Jowder.htm (erişim 14.11.2020).
  • Aronson, Shlomo, Conflict Bargaining in The Midlle East: An Israeli Perspective, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1978.
  • Asher, Jerry ve Hamel, Eric M., Duel for The Golan: The 100-Hour Battle That Saved Israel, California: Pacifica Military History, 1987.
  • Awad, Tarek A., The Ramadan War 1973, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University Research Report, Air War College, 1986.
  • Baxter, Steven, Arab-Israeli War October 1973, Lessons Learned, Lessons Forgotten, Newport: Naval War College, 1994.
  • Bediz, Danyal, “Süveyş Kanalı’nın Önemi,” Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 9/3, (1951): 329-352.
  • Bhattacharya, S. S., “The Strategic Importance of The Suez Canal,” Strategic Analysis, 5/12, (1982): 686-693.
  • Bickerton, Ian J. ve Klausner, Carla L., A Concise History of The Arab-Israeli Conflict, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Halls, 1991.
  • Bregman, Ahron ve El-Tahri, Jihan (2000). Israel and The Arabs: An Eyewitness Account of War and Peace in The Middle East, New York: TV Books, 2000.
  • Brownstein, Lewis, “Decision Making in Israeli Foreign Policy: An Unplanned Process,” Political Science Quarterly, 92/2, (1977): 259-279.
  • Buckwalter, David T., “The 1973 Arab-Israeli War,” içinde David A. Williams (ed.), Case Studiesin Policy Making & Implementation (6. Baskı), Newport Rhode Island: Naval War College, 2002, 119-138.
  • Caddick-Adams, Peter. “Battles of Golan Heights,” içinde Richard Holmes (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Military History, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, 365-366.
  • Cohen, Eliot A. ve Gooch, John, Military Misfortunes: The Anatomy of Failure in War, New York: Free Press, 1990.
  • Dupuy, Trevor N., Elusive Victory, The Arap-Israeli Wars 1947-1974, New York: Harper and Row, 1978.
  • El-Badri, Hassan, The Ramadan War, 1973, Fairfax: T. N. Dupuy Associates, Inc., 1978.
  • El-Badri, Hassan, El-Magdoub, Taha ve Zohdy, Mohammed Dia El-Din, The Ramadan War, Dunn Loiring, Virginia: T. N. Dupuy Associates, Inc., 1978.
  • El-Gendy, Karim, The Process of Israeli Decision Making: Mechanisms, Forces and Influences, Beyrut: Al-Zaytouna Centre for Studies and Consultations, 2010.
  • El-Sadat, Anwar, In Search of Identity: An Autobiography, New York: Harper and Row, 1978.
  • El-Sawah, Ossama M., Deception in Ramadan War, October 1973, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania: USAWC Strategy Research Project, U. S. Army War College, 1999.
  • El-Shazly, Saad, The Crossing of Suez: The October War (1973), Londra: Third World Centre for Research and Publishing, 1980.
  • El-Shazly, Saad, The Crossing of the Suez, San Francisco, California: American Mideast Research, 1980.
  • Geller, Doron, “Israeli Intelligence and The Yom Kippur War,” The Jewish Agency for Israel, The Department for Jewish Zionist Education (2002), https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/intelligence-during-the-six-day-war-1967 (erişim 11.01.2020).
  • Grilding, Richard H., The Yom Kippur War: Insights Into Operational Theory, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: School of Advanced Military Studies, US Army Command and General Staff College, 1988.
  • Handel, Michael I., Perception, Deception and Suprise: The Case of The Yom Kippur War, Kudüs: The Hebrew University, 1976.
  • Herzog, Chaim, The War of Atonement, October 1973, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1975.
  • Herzog, Chaim, The Arab–Israeli Wars: War and Peace in The Middle East From The War of Independence Through Lebanon, New York: Random House, 1982. Insight Team of The London Sunday Times, The Yom Kippur War, New York: Doubleday, 1974.
  • Jordan, Michael J., “The 1973 Arab-Israeli War: Arap Policies, Strategies and Campaigns”, Global Security, CSC 1997 (1997), http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1997/Jordan.htm (erişim 03.05. 2020)
  • Keleşoğlu, Erhan, “İsrail’in Dış Politikası,” içinde Faruk Sönmezoğlu, Özgün Erler Bayır (ed.), Dış Politika: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış, İstanbul: Der Yayınları, No: 448, 2014, 421-463.
  • Monroe, Elizabeth ve Farrah-Hockley, A. H., The Arab-Israeli War, October 1973: Background and Events, Londra: International Institute for Strategic Studies, Adelphi Papers, No: 111, 1975.
  • Moulton, J.C., “The 1973 October War: The Egyptian Perspective”, Global Security, CSC 1997, (1997), http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1997/Moulton.htm (erişim 14.06.2019).
  • Nassar, Galal, “Into the Breach, Dear Friends,” Al-Ahram Weekly On-Line No: 398 (1998), http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1998/398/oct12.htm (erişim 17.06.2019).
  • O’Ballance, Edgar, No Victor, No Vanquished, The Yom Kippur War, Londra: Presidio Press, 1978.
  • Palit, D. K., Return to Sinai, The Arap Offensive, October 1973, Yeni Delhi: Palit & Palit Publishers, 1974.
  • Piccirili, Steven J., The 1973 Arap Israeli War, Quantico: Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 1989.
  • Rabinovich, Abraham, The Yom Kippur War: The Epic Encounter That Transformed The Middle East, New York: Schocken Books, 2004.
  • Smith, Charles D., Palestine and The Arab-Israeli Conflict, New York: Bedford, 2006.
  • Stewart, Steven, The Spymasters of Israel, New York: Macmillan, 1980.
  • Telci, İsmail Numan ve Yorulmaz, Recep, Süveyş Kanalı’nın Politik Ekonomisi ve “The Ever Given” Krizi, Ankara: Ortadoğu Araştırmaları Merkezi (ORSAM), Analiz 283, 2021.

Ramadan/Yom Kippur War of 1973 and the Middle East

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 129 - 151, 30.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.52792/tws.1114113

Abstract

Israel’s attempt to raise as a soverign entity on Palestine region in 1948 kick starts one of the most dramatic and problematic phase of the 20th. century history. Because of that unilateral step taken by the Israeli leadership, at least three major wars broke between Israeli and the neighboring Arab states. Israel, which has been in conflict with the Arab countries around it since its participation in the international arena in 1948. Therefore, Israel has securitized and militarized every issues related with the foreign policy and defense realm. The 1973 Yom Kippur War was one of that full scale war which engulfs World Politics in that period, and has serious consequences. The Yom Kippur War and the situation that emerged after the war has changed Israel defense and foreign policy perceptions. 1973 Yom Kippur War and its major shock changed and modified Israel and Arab States and societies dramatically and destroyed myth of Israel’s invincible state and army. From this point of view, the political and military situation that emerged after the Yom Kippur War makes the Yom Kippur War important issue both in regional politics and world politics.

Project Number

-

References

  • Aboul-Enein, Youssef H., “The Yom Kippur War: The Memoirs of Egyptian Generals,” Military Review, 83/1 (2003): 52-59.
  • Abouseada, Hamdy Sobhy, The Crossing of the Suez Canal, October 6, 1973 (The Ramadan War), Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania: USAWC Strategy Research Project, U. S. Army War College, 2000.
  • Al-Gamassy, Abd-al-Ghanny, Muzakiraat al-Sittar, Kahire: Mısır Yazarlar Birliği, 1997. Al-Gamassy, Abd-al-Ghanny, Harb Oktoober Thallattah wa Sabeen, Kahire: Mısır Yazarlar Birliği, 1998.
  • Al-Jouder, Ebrahim, “Operational Level of War, The Egyptian /Israeli War, 1973,” Global Security, CSC 1997, Conference Group 4, (27 Mart 1997), http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1997/Al-Jowder.htm (erişim 14.11.2020).
  • Aronson, Shlomo, Conflict Bargaining in The Midlle East: An Israeli Perspective, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1978.
  • Asher, Jerry ve Hamel, Eric M., Duel for The Golan: The 100-Hour Battle That Saved Israel, California: Pacifica Military History, 1987.
  • Awad, Tarek A., The Ramadan War 1973, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University Research Report, Air War College, 1986.
  • Baxter, Steven, Arab-Israeli War October 1973, Lessons Learned, Lessons Forgotten, Newport: Naval War College, 1994.
  • Bediz, Danyal, “Süveyş Kanalı’nın Önemi,” Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 9/3, (1951): 329-352.
  • Bhattacharya, S. S., “The Strategic Importance of The Suez Canal,” Strategic Analysis, 5/12, (1982): 686-693.
  • Bickerton, Ian J. ve Klausner, Carla L., A Concise History of The Arab-Israeli Conflict, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Halls, 1991.
  • Bregman, Ahron ve El-Tahri, Jihan (2000). Israel and The Arabs: An Eyewitness Account of War and Peace in The Middle East, New York: TV Books, 2000.
  • Brownstein, Lewis, “Decision Making in Israeli Foreign Policy: An Unplanned Process,” Political Science Quarterly, 92/2, (1977): 259-279.
  • Buckwalter, David T., “The 1973 Arab-Israeli War,” içinde David A. Williams (ed.), Case Studiesin Policy Making & Implementation (6. Baskı), Newport Rhode Island: Naval War College, 2002, 119-138.
  • Caddick-Adams, Peter. “Battles of Golan Heights,” içinde Richard Holmes (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Military History, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, 365-366.
  • Cohen, Eliot A. ve Gooch, John, Military Misfortunes: The Anatomy of Failure in War, New York: Free Press, 1990.
  • Dupuy, Trevor N., Elusive Victory, The Arap-Israeli Wars 1947-1974, New York: Harper and Row, 1978.
  • El-Badri, Hassan, The Ramadan War, 1973, Fairfax: T. N. Dupuy Associates, Inc., 1978.
  • El-Badri, Hassan, El-Magdoub, Taha ve Zohdy, Mohammed Dia El-Din, The Ramadan War, Dunn Loiring, Virginia: T. N. Dupuy Associates, Inc., 1978.
  • El-Gendy, Karim, The Process of Israeli Decision Making: Mechanisms, Forces and Influences, Beyrut: Al-Zaytouna Centre for Studies and Consultations, 2010.
  • El-Sadat, Anwar, In Search of Identity: An Autobiography, New York: Harper and Row, 1978.
  • El-Sawah, Ossama M., Deception in Ramadan War, October 1973, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania: USAWC Strategy Research Project, U. S. Army War College, 1999.
  • El-Shazly, Saad, The Crossing of Suez: The October War (1973), Londra: Third World Centre for Research and Publishing, 1980.
  • El-Shazly, Saad, The Crossing of the Suez, San Francisco, California: American Mideast Research, 1980.
  • Geller, Doron, “Israeli Intelligence and The Yom Kippur War,” The Jewish Agency for Israel, The Department for Jewish Zionist Education (2002), https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/intelligence-during-the-six-day-war-1967 (erişim 11.01.2020).
  • Grilding, Richard H., The Yom Kippur War: Insights Into Operational Theory, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: School of Advanced Military Studies, US Army Command and General Staff College, 1988.
  • Handel, Michael I., Perception, Deception and Suprise: The Case of The Yom Kippur War, Kudüs: The Hebrew University, 1976.
  • Herzog, Chaim, The War of Atonement, October 1973, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1975.
  • Herzog, Chaim, The Arab–Israeli Wars: War and Peace in The Middle East From The War of Independence Through Lebanon, New York: Random House, 1982. Insight Team of The London Sunday Times, The Yom Kippur War, New York: Doubleday, 1974.
  • Jordan, Michael J., “The 1973 Arab-Israeli War: Arap Policies, Strategies and Campaigns”, Global Security, CSC 1997 (1997), http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1997/Jordan.htm (erişim 03.05. 2020)
  • Keleşoğlu, Erhan, “İsrail’in Dış Politikası,” içinde Faruk Sönmezoğlu, Özgün Erler Bayır (ed.), Dış Politika: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış, İstanbul: Der Yayınları, No: 448, 2014, 421-463.
  • Monroe, Elizabeth ve Farrah-Hockley, A. H., The Arab-Israeli War, October 1973: Background and Events, Londra: International Institute for Strategic Studies, Adelphi Papers, No: 111, 1975.
  • Moulton, J.C., “The 1973 October War: The Egyptian Perspective”, Global Security, CSC 1997, (1997), http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1997/Moulton.htm (erişim 14.06.2019).
  • Nassar, Galal, “Into the Breach, Dear Friends,” Al-Ahram Weekly On-Line No: 398 (1998), http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1998/398/oct12.htm (erişim 17.06.2019).
  • O’Ballance, Edgar, No Victor, No Vanquished, The Yom Kippur War, Londra: Presidio Press, 1978.
  • Palit, D. K., Return to Sinai, The Arap Offensive, October 1973, Yeni Delhi: Palit & Palit Publishers, 1974.
  • Piccirili, Steven J., The 1973 Arap Israeli War, Quantico: Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 1989.
  • Rabinovich, Abraham, The Yom Kippur War: The Epic Encounter That Transformed The Middle East, New York: Schocken Books, 2004.
  • Smith, Charles D., Palestine and The Arab-Israeli Conflict, New York: Bedford, 2006.
  • Stewart, Steven, The Spymasters of Israel, New York: Macmillan, 1980.
  • Telci, İsmail Numan ve Yorulmaz, Recep, Süveyş Kanalı’nın Politik Ekonomisi ve “The Ever Given” Krizi, Ankara: Ortadoğu Araştırmaları Merkezi (ORSAM), Analiz 283, 2021.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects International Relations
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Erkan Kıllıoğlu 0000-0002-3146-2609

Project Number -
Publication Date October 30, 2022
Submission Date May 9, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Kıllıoğlu, Mehmet Erkan. “1973 Ramazan / Yom Kippur Savaşı Ve Orta Doğu”. Türk Savaş Çalışmaları Dergisi 3, no. 2 (October 2022): 129-51. https://doi.org/10.52792/tws.1114113.

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