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Çocuk Yaş Grubu Yabancı Cisim Aspirasyonu Tedavisinde Kullanılan Rijit Bronkoskopi Esnasında Uygulanan İki Anestezi Tekniğine Cerrahi Bir Bakış

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 23 - 33, 28.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1213589

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmamızda genel anestezi altında rijit bronkoskopi ile trakeabronşiyal yabancı cisim çıkarılan çocuk hastalarda anestezi idamesinde inhalasyon ve intravenöz anestezi tekniğinin birbirlerine olan avantaj ve dezavantajlarını literatürden farklı olarak hem anestezi ve hem de cerrahi bakış açılarıyla ortaya koymayı amaçladık.
Yöntem: Hastaların anestezi idamesi sevofluran inhalasyonu ile veya propofol infüzyonuyla yapılanlar olmak üzere 34’er kişiden oluşan iki grup oluşturuldu. Hastalara ait demografik özellikler, başvuru semptomları, radyolojik incelemeler, anestezi ve cerrahi işlemler bağlı özellikler, komplikasyonlar analiz edildi. Ayrıca kurumumuz tecrübelerinden oluşturulan cerrahi zorluk ve cerrahi konfor skalaları kullanıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlarla idamede kullanılan inhalasyon ve intravenöz anesteziklerinin işlem süresi, klinik, hemodinami, cerrahi konfor üzerine etkileri karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: İşlem esnasında vital bulgular her iki grupta benzerdi. Bronkoskopi süresi intravenöz anestezi grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde daha kısaydı (p=0.014) buna sekonder olarak anestezi süresi inhalasyon anestezisi grubunda anlamlı derecede uzundu (p=0.027). Cerrahi zorluk skalası her iki grupta benzer iken, cerrahi konfor skalası intravenöz anestezi grubunda anlamlı şekilde daha yüksekti (p=0.017). İntraoperatif komplikasyonlar, postoperatif komplikasyonlar her iki grupta benzerdi.
Sonuç: Sevofluranla idame anestezisi bronkoskopi süresini uzatmakta ve buna sekonder olarak anestezi süresi uzamaktadır ayrıca işlem süresinden bağımsız olarak cerrahi memnuniyet azaltmaktadır. Bu nedenlerle çocukluk çağı yabancı cisim aspirasyonlarının çıkartılmasında rijit bronkoskopi yapılırken anestezi idamesinde propofolün tercih edilebilerek daha kısa işlem süresi ve daha yüksek cerrahi memnuniyet elde edileceğini düşünüyoruz.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Sezer HF, Çolak B, Topçu S, Avcı A, Abdullayev G. Clinical approach to foreign body aspirations in children and legal results. Tuberk Toraks. 2019;67(2):136-141. doi:10.5578/tt.68442
  • 2. Elhassani NB. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies in the Middle East. A Baghdad study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;96(4):621-625. doi:10.1016/S0022-5223(19)35217-1
  • 3. Urfalıoğlu A, Arslan M, Gişi G, Bilal B, Karakaya AE, Öksüz H. A retrospective analysis of our anesthesia experience in rigid bronchoscopy interventions in pediatric patients due to foreignbody aspiratıons in tracheobranchial system. Maltepe Medical Journal. 2015;7(1):1-7.
  • 4. Joshep LL. Foreign bodies. In: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, ed. Ashcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. 5th Edition. Saunders; 2010: 135-143.
  • 5. Yadav SP, Singh J, Aggarwal N, Goel A. Airway foreign bodies in children: experience of 132 cases. Singapore Med J. 2007;48(9):850-853.
  • 6. Zur KB, Litman RS. Pediatric airway foreign body retrieval: surgical and anesthetic perspectives. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2009;19(Sup 1):109-117. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.03006.x
  • 7. Mahajan M, Mahajan SR, Mathew PJ, Chaudhary UK, Chaudhary R. Anaesthetic management during removal of airway foreign body in children: a prospective observational study. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2017;16(6):87-95. doi:10.9790/0853-1606098795
  • 8. Crawford M, Pollock J, Anderson K, Glavin RJ, MacIntyre D, Vernon D. Comparison of midazolam with propofol for sedation in outpatient bronchoscopy. Br J Anaesth. 1993;70(4):419-422. doi:10.1093/bja/70.4.419
  • 9. Motoyama EK. Anaesthesia for ear, nose, and throat surgery. In: Motoyama EK, Davis PJ, ed. Smith’s Anaesthesia for Infants and Children. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Mosby; 1996:653-676.
  • 10. Tomaske M, Gerber AC, Weiss M. Anesthesia and periinterventional morbidity of rigid bronchoscopy for tracheobronchial foreign body diagnosis and removal. Paediatr Anaesth. 2006;16(2):123-129. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2005.01714.x
  • 11. Tütüncü AÇ, Dilmen ÖK, Özcan R, et al. Rigid bronchoscopies in pediatric patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies: Our outcomes. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2012;47(2):125-129. doi:10.4274/tpa.1622
  • 12. Farrell PT. Rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal: anaesthesia and ventilation. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14(1):84-89. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.01194.x
  • 13. Öç B, Arun O, Öncel M, Duman A. Anesthesia for removing foreign objects in tracheobronchial system of children. Archives Medical Review Journal. 2014;23(2):328-344. doi:10.17827/aktd.53790
  • 14. Liao R, Li JY, Liu GY. Comparison of sevoflurane volatile induction/maintenance anaesthesia and propofol–remifentanil total intravenous anaesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy under spontaneous breathing for tracheal/bronchial foreign body removal in children. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27(11):930-934. doi:10.1097/EJA.0b013e32833d69ad
  • 15. Al-Safty OMT, Youssef OR, Kamaleldin DM, Youssef MKM. A comparison between sevoflurane volatile induction/maintenance anesthesia and propofol total intra-venous anesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy under spontaneous breathing for tracheal/bronchial foreign body removal in children. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113(suppl 1):i6 doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcaa039.011
  • 16. Oncel M, Sunam GS, Ceran S. Tracheobronchial aspiration of foreign bodies and rigid bronchoscopy in children. Pediatr Int. 2012;54(4):532-535. doi:10.1111/j.1442-200X.2012.03610.x
  • 17. Çobanoğlu U, Can M. Çocuklarda trakeobronşial yabancı cisim aspirasyonları. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2007;14 (4):96-101
  • 18. Zang CS, Sun J, Huang HT, et al. Inhaled foreign bodies in pediatric patients: A review and analysis of 3028 cases. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2017;10(1):97-104.
  • 19. Li S, Liu Y, Tan F, Chen J, Chen L. Efficacy of manual jet ventilation using Manujet III for bronchoscopic airway foreign body removal in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(12):1401-1404. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.09.018
  • 20. Apa H, Kayserili E, Hızarcıoğlu M, Gülez P, Umaç Ö, Diniz GA. Foreign body aspiration in childhood. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2005;6(3):17-21.
  • 21. Bakan M, Topuz U, Umutoglu T, et al. Remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia for pediatric rigid bronchoscopy: comparison of adjuvant propofol and ketamine. Clinics. 2014;69(6):372-377. doi:10.6061/clinics/2014(06)01
  • 22. Chen L, Yu L, Fan Y, Manyande A. A Comparison between total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol plus remifentanil and volatile induction/maintenance of anaesthesia using sevoflurane in children undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2013;41(6):742-749. doi:10.1177/0310057X1304100609
  • 23. Maleki A, Takzare A, Goudarzi M, Soltani AE, Nodehi M. Comparison of inhaled anesthesia with sevoflurane and intravenous anesthetics with propofol in children under flexible bronchoscopy. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2020;11(1):44-57. doi:10.18662/brain/11.1/14
  • 24. Zhang J, Wang Y, Li B, Zhang W. Remifentail infusion for paediatric bronchoscopic foreign body removal: comparison of sevoflurane with propofol for anaesthesia supplementation for bronchoscope insertion. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010;38(5):905-910. doi:10.1177/0310057X1003800431
  • 25. Drover DR, Litalien C, Wellis V, Shafer SL, Hammer GB. Determination of the pharmacodynamic interaction of propofol and remifentanil during esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Anesthesiology. 2004;100(6):1382-1386. doi:10.1097/00000542-200406000-00008
  • 26. Hu S, Dong H-l, Sun Y-y, et al. Anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil under spontaneous respiration assisted with high-frequency jet ventilation for tracheobronchial foreign body removal in 586 children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2012;22(11):1100-1104. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03874.x
  • 27. Litman RS, Ponnuri J, Trogan I. Anesthesia for tracheal or bronchial foreign body removal in children: an analysis of ninety-four cases. Anesth Analg. 2000;91(6):1389-1391. doi:10.1097/00000539-200012000-00015
  • 28. Zhang X, Li W, Chen Y. Postoperative adverse respiratory events in preschool patients with inhaled foreign bodies: an analysis of 505 cases. Paediatr Anaesth. 2011;21(10):1003-1008. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03603.x
  • 29. Fidkowski CW, Zheng H, Firth PG. The anesthetic considerations of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children: a literature review of 12,979 cases. Anesth Analg. 2010;111(4):1016-1025. doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181ef3e9c
  • 30. Tan HK, Brown K, McGill T, Kenna MA, Lund DP, Healy GB. Airway foreign bodies (FB): a 10-year review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2000;56(2):91-99. doi:10.1016/S0165-5876(00)00391-8
  • 31. Patel JB, Chauhan A. Anesthetic management of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration cases in children. Acad Anesthesiol Int. 2019;4(2):214-217.
  • 32. Ansermino JM, Magruder W, Dosani M. Spontaneous respiration during intravenous anesthesia in children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2009;22(3):383-387. doi:10.1097/aco.0b013e328329730c
  • 33. Shen X, Li W. Large foreign body in main trachea. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2011;21(12):1278-1279.
  • 34. Chatterji S, Chatterji P. The management of foreign bodies in air passages. Anaesthesia. 1972;27(4):390-395. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1972.tb08243.x
  • 35. Brown TC, Clark CM. Inhaled foreign bodies in children. Med J Aust.1983;2(7):322-6.
  • 36. Soodan A, Pawar D, Subramanium R. Anesthesia for removal of inhaled foreign bodies in children. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2004;14(11):947-952. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2004.01309.x
  • 37. Kosloske AM. Bronchoscopic extraction of aspirated foreign bodies in children. Am J Dis Child. 1982;136(10):924-927. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1982.03970460054011
  • 38. Gupta SK, Agarwal P. A study of hemodynamic effects of rocuronium bromide and other muscle relaxants in cardiac surgery. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research. 2020;7(2):B1-B4. doi:10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.17
  • 39. Roberts S, Thornington RE. Paediatric bronchoscopy. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain. 2005;5(2):41-44. doi:10.1093/bjaceaccp/mki015
  • 40. Maddali MM, Mathew M, Chandwani J, Alsajwani MJ, Ganguly SS. Outcomes after rigid bronchoscopy in children with suspected or confirmed foreign body aspiration: A retrospective study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011;25(6):1005-1008. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2011.02.005
  • 41. Chen L, Zhang X, Li S, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wu J. The risk factors for hypoxemia in children younger than 5 years old undergoing rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal. Anesth Analg. 2009;109(4):1079-1084.
  • 42. Picard V, Dumont L, Pellegrini M. Quality of recovery in children: sevoflurane versus propofol. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2000;44(3):307-10. doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b12cb5
  • 43. Cohen IT, Finkel JC, Hannallah RS, Hummer KA, Patel KM. Rapid emergence does not explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children: a comparison with propofol. Paediatr Anaesth. 2003;13(1):63-67. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00948.x
  • 44. Kendigelen P. The anaesthetic consideration of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(12):3803-3807. doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.12.69
  • 45. Bould MD. Essential notes: the anaesthetic management of an inhaled foreign body in a child. BJA Educ. 2019;19(3):66-67. doi:10.1016/j.bjae.2019.01.005

A Surgical Perspective on Two Anesthesia Techniques, Using During Rigid Bronchoscopy For Child Age Group Foreign Body Aspiration Treatment

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 23 - 33, 28.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1213589

Öz

Objective: In our study, we aimed to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of inhalation and intravenous anesthesia techniques in the maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric patients whose tracheobronchial foreign body was removed by rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia, from both anaesthesia and surgical perspectives, different from the literature.
Methods: The patients were divided into two groups, each consisting of 34 individuals, whose anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation or propofol infusion. Demographic characteristics of the patients, symptoms at presentation, radiological examinations, anaesthesia and surgical procedures, complications were analyzed. In addition, surgical difficulty and surgical comfort scales created from the experiences of our institution were used. The results obtained and the effects of inhalation and intravenous anaesthetics used in maintenance on the duration of the procedure, clinical, hemodynamic and surgical comfort were compared.
Results: Vital signs during the procedure were similar in both groups. was similar. The duration of bronchoscopy was statistically significantly shorter in the intravenous anaesthesia group (p=0.014), and secondarily, the duration of anaesthesia was significantly longer in the inhalation anaesthesia group (p=0.027). While the surgical difficulty scale was similar in both groups, the surgical confort scale was significantly higher in the intravenous anesthesia group (p=0.017). Intraoperative, postoperative complications were similar in both groups.
Conclusion: Anaesthesia maintenance with sevoflurane prolongs the duration of bronchoscopy and accordingly the duration of anaesthesia, and also reduces surgical satisfaction independent of processing time. For these reasons, we think that while rigid bronchoscopy is performed for the removal of childhood foreign body aspirations, propofol can be preferred for anaesthesia maintenance, resulting in a shorter procedure time and higher surgical satisfaction.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Sezer HF, Çolak B, Topçu S, Avcı A, Abdullayev G. Clinical approach to foreign body aspirations in children and legal results. Tuberk Toraks. 2019;67(2):136-141. doi:10.5578/tt.68442
  • 2. Elhassani NB. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies in the Middle East. A Baghdad study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;96(4):621-625. doi:10.1016/S0022-5223(19)35217-1
  • 3. Urfalıoğlu A, Arslan M, Gişi G, Bilal B, Karakaya AE, Öksüz H. A retrospective analysis of our anesthesia experience in rigid bronchoscopy interventions in pediatric patients due to foreignbody aspiratıons in tracheobranchial system. Maltepe Medical Journal. 2015;7(1):1-7.
  • 4. Joshep LL. Foreign bodies. In: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, ed. Ashcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. 5th Edition. Saunders; 2010: 135-143.
  • 5. Yadav SP, Singh J, Aggarwal N, Goel A. Airway foreign bodies in children: experience of 132 cases. Singapore Med J. 2007;48(9):850-853.
  • 6. Zur KB, Litman RS. Pediatric airway foreign body retrieval: surgical and anesthetic perspectives. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2009;19(Sup 1):109-117. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.03006.x
  • 7. Mahajan M, Mahajan SR, Mathew PJ, Chaudhary UK, Chaudhary R. Anaesthetic management during removal of airway foreign body in children: a prospective observational study. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2017;16(6):87-95. doi:10.9790/0853-1606098795
  • 8. Crawford M, Pollock J, Anderson K, Glavin RJ, MacIntyre D, Vernon D. Comparison of midazolam with propofol for sedation in outpatient bronchoscopy. Br J Anaesth. 1993;70(4):419-422. doi:10.1093/bja/70.4.419
  • 9. Motoyama EK. Anaesthesia for ear, nose, and throat surgery. In: Motoyama EK, Davis PJ, ed. Smith’s Anaesthesia for Infants and Children. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Mosby; 1996:653-676.
  • 10. Tomaske M, Gerber AC, Weiss M. Anesthesia and periinterventional morbidity of rigid bronchoscopy for tracheobronchial foreign body diagnosis and removal. Paediatr Anaesth. 2006;16(2):123-129. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2005.01714.x
  • 11. Tütüncü AÇ, Dilmen ÖK, Özcan R, et al. Rigid bronchoscopies in pediatric patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies: Our outcomes. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2012;47(2):125-129. doi:10.4274/tpa.1622
  • 12. Farrell PT. Rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal: anaesthesia and ventilation. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14(1):84-89. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.01194.x
  • 13. Öç B, Arun O, Öncel M, Duman A. Anesthesia for removing foreign objects in tracheobronchial system of children. Archives Medical Review Journal. 2014;23(2):328-344. doi:10.17827/aktd.53790
  • 14. Liao R, Li JY, Liu GY. Comparison of sevoflurane volatile induction/maintenance anaesthesia and propofol–remifentanil total intravenous anaesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy under spontaneous breathing for tracheal/bronchial foreign body removal in children. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27(11):930-934. doi:10.1097/EJA.0b013e32833d69ad
  • 15. Al-Safty OMT, Youssef OR, Kamaleldin DM, Youssef MKM. A comparison between sevoflurane volatile induction/maintenance anesthesia and propofol total intra-venous anesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy under spontaneous breathing for tracheal/bronchial foreign body removal in children. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2020;113(suppl 1):i6 doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcaa039.011
  • 16. Oncel M, Sunam GS, Ceran S. Tracheobronchial aspiration of foreign bodies and rigid bronchoscopy in children. Pediatr Int. 2012;54(4):532-535. doi:10.1111/j.1442-200X.2012.03610.x
  • 17. Çobanoğlu U, Can M. Çocuklarda trakeobronşial yabancı cisim aspirasyonları. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2007;14 (4):96-101
  • 18. Zang CS, Sun J, Huang HT, et al. Inhaled foreign bodies in pediatric patients: A review and analysis of 3028 cases. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2017;10(1):97-104.
  • 19. Li S, Liu Y, Tan F, Chen J, Chen L. Efficacy of manual jet ventilation using Manujet III for bronchoscopic airway foreign body removal in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(12):1401-1404. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.09.018
  • 20. Apa H, Kayserili E, Hızarcıoğlu M, Gülez P, Umaç Ö, Diniz GA. Foreign body aspiration in childhood. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2005;6(3):17-21.
  • 21. Bakan M, Topuz U, Umutoglu T, et al. Remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia for pediatric rigid bronchoscopy: comparison of adjuvant propofol and ketamine. Clinics. 2014;69(6):372-377. doi:10.6061/clinics/2014(06)01
  • 22. Chen L, Yu L, Fan Y, Manyande A. A Comparison between total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol plus remifentanil and volatile induction/maintenance of anaesthesia using sevoflurane in children undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2013;41(6):742-749. doi:10.1177/0310057X1304100609
  • 23. Maleki A, Takzare A, Goudarzi M, Soltani AE, Nodehi M. Comparison of inhaled anesthesia with sevoflurane and intravenous anesthetics with propofol in children under flexible bronchoscopy. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2020;11(1):44-57. doi:10.18662/brain/11.1/14
  • 24. Zhang J, Wang Y, Li B, Zhang W. Remifentail infusion for paediatric bronchoscopic foreign body removal: comparison of sevoflurane with propofol for anaesthesia supplementation for bronchoscope insertion. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010;38(5):905-910. doi:10.1177/0310057X1003800431
  • 25. Drover DR, Litalien C, Wellis V, Shafer SL, Hammer GB. Determination of the pharmacodynamic interaction of propofol and remifentanil during esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Anesthesiology. 2004;100(6):1382-1386. doi:10.1097/00000542-200406000-00008
  • 26. Hu S, Dong H-l, Sun Y-y, et al. Anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil under spontaneous respiration assisted with high-frequency jet ventilation for tracheobronchial foreign body removal in 586 children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2012;22(11):1100-1104. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03874.x
  • 27. Litman RS, Ponnuri J, Trogan I. Anesthesia for tracheal or bronchial foreign body removal in children: an analysis of ninety-four cases. Anesth Analg. 2000;91(6):1389-1391. doi:10.1097/00000539-200012000-00015
  • 28. Zhang X, Li W, Chen Y. Postoperative adverse respiratory events in preschool patients with inhaled foreign bodies: an analysis of 505 cases. Paediatr Anaesth. 2011;21(10):1003-1008. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03603.x
  • 29. Fidkowski CW, Zheng H, Firth PG. The anesthetic considerations of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children: a literature review of 12,979 cases. Anesth Analg. 2010;111(4):1016-1025. doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181ef3e9c
  • 30. Tan HK, Brown K, McGill T, Kenna MA, Lund DP, Healy GB. Airway foreign bodies (FB): a 10-year review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2000;56(2):91-99. doi:10.1016/S0165-5876(00)00391-8
  • 31. Patel JB, Chauhan A. Anesthetic management of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration cases in children. Acad Anesthesiol Int. 2019;4(2):214-217.
  • 32. Ansermino JM, Magruder W, Dosani M. Spontaneous respiration during intravenous anesthesia in children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2009;22(3):383-387. doi:10.1097/aco.0b013e328329730c
  • 33. Shen X, Li W. Large foreign body in main trachea. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2011;21(12):1278-1279.
  • 34. Chatterji S, Chatterji P. The management of foreign bodies in air passages. Anaesthesia. 1972;27(4):390-395. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1972.tb08243.x
  • 35. Brown TC, Clark CM. Inhaled foreign bodies in children. Med J Aust.1983;2(7):322-6.
  • 36. Soodan A, Pawar D, Subramanium R. Anesthesia for removal of inhaled foreign bodies in children. Pediatric Anesthesia. 2004;14(11):947-952. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2004.01309.x
  • 37. Kosloske AM. Bronchoscopic extraction of aspirated foreign bodies in children. Am J Dis Child. 1982;136(10):924-927. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1982.03970460054011
  • 38. Gupta SK, Agarwal P. A study of hemodynamic effects of rocuronium bromide and other muscle relaxants in cardiac surgery. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research. 2020;7(2):B1-B4. doi:10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.17
  • 39. Roberts S, Thornington RE. Paediatric bronchoscopy. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain. 2005;5(2):41-44. doi:10.1093/bjaceaccp/mki015
  • 40. Maddali MM, Mathew M, Chandwani J, Alsajwani MJ, Ganguly SS. Outcomes after rigid bronchoscopy in children with suspected or confirmed foreign body aspiration: A retrospective study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011;25(6):1005-1008. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2011.02.005
  • 41. Chen L, Zhang X, Li S, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wu J. The risk factors for hypoxemia in children younger than 5 years old undergoing rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal. Anesth Analg. 2009;109(4):1079-1084.
  • 42. Picard V, Dumont L, Pellegrini M. Quality of recovery in children: sevoflurane versus propofol. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2000;44(3):307-10. doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e3181b12cb5
  • 43. Cohen IT, Finkel JC, Hannallah RS, Hummer KA, Patel KM. Rapid emergence does not explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children: a comparison with propofol. Paediatr Anaesth. 2003;13(1):63-67. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00948.x
  • 44. Kendigelen P. The anaesthetic consideration of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(12):3803-3807. doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.12.69
  • 45. Bould MD. Essential notes: the anaesthetic management of an inhaled foreign body in a child. BJA Educ. 2019;19(3):66-67. doi:10.1016/j.bjae.2019.01.005
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Cerrahi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Fatih Sezer 0000-0001-5812-7088

Tülay Çardaközü 0000-0002-4936-8020

Aykut Elicora 0000-0002-9565-0692

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 11 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Sezer HF, Çardaközü T, Elicora A. A Surgical Perspective on Two Anesthesia Techniques, Using During Rigid Bronchoscopy For Child Age Group Foreign Body Aspiration Treatment. Acta Med Nicomedia. Şubat 2023;6(1):23-33. doi:10.53446/actamednicomedia.1213589

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