Araştırma Makalesi
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Perceived Overqualification: Stagnation Against Productivity

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 42 - 57, 31.12.2019

Arzu Özkanan

Öz

Overqualification expresses that employees’ situation
whose has more qualities than the job requirements. Perceived overqualification
is the subjective impression that an employee holds qualifications in excess of
what is needed to do the job. Perceived overqualification may also stem from a
lack of opportunities associated with the job. The research aims to identify
the presence, causes and effects of perceived overqualifications. The sample of
the study is composed of Suleyman Demirel University. Study has been completed
16 employees that work in Faculty. These people were determined with snowball
sampling method of purposive sampling methods. In this study, we found that
employees perceive themselves as overqualified due to their training at entry.
Also they perceive themselves as overqualified because of their experience
after entering the job. Employees with a perceive of overqualification have
closed themselves to learning and development processes. Further employees with
a perceive of overqualification prefer to leave it idle instead of using
qualities that they think are excessive. Based on the research results, a
relationship between the types of perceived overqualification and their causes,
has been uncovered. It is recommended to carry out works intended for
relationships between the types of perceived overqualification and their
causes.




Anahtar Kelimeler

Perceived Overqualification Employees – Job Fit Self-development Work Rotation Qualitative Research

Kaynakça

  • AKIN, A. ve ULUKÖK, E. (2016). Fazla Nitelikliliğin Bireysel ve Örgütsel Sonuçlarının İncelenmesine Yönelik Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(4), 71-86.
  • AKSOY, C., ASLANTAŞ, M. ve ARSLAN, V. (2016). Adaletin Çalışma Hayatındaki Yansıması: Örgütsel Adalet, International Journal of Innovative Strategical Social Research, 1(1), 19-32.
  • BRACKE, P., PATTYN, E. and von dem KNESEBECK, O. (2013). Overeducation and Depressive Symytoms: Diminshing Mental Health Returns to Education. Sociology of Health&Illness, 35, 1242-1259.
  • BRYNİN, B. and LONGHİ, S. (2009). Overqualification: Major ve Minor Mismatch? Economics of Education Review, 28(1), 114-121.
  • BURKE, R. J. (1997). Correlates of Under-Employment Among Recent Business School Graduates. International Journal of Manpower, 18, 627-635.
  • BÜCHEL, F. (2002). The Effects of Overeducation on Productivity in Germany: The Firms' Viewpoint. Economics of Education Review, 21, 263-275.
  • BÜCHEL, F. and BATTU, H. (2002). The Theory of Differential Overqualification: Does It Work? Discussion Paper Series, 511, 1-24.
  • ERDOGAN, B. and BAUER, T. N. (2009). Perceived Overqualification and Its Outcomes: The Moderating Role of Empowerment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 557-565.
  • ERDOGAN, B., BAUER, T. N. and Karaeminogullari, A. (2017). Overqualification in the Workplace. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1-32.
  • ERDOGAN, B., BAUER, T. N., PEİRO, J. M. and TRUXİLLO, D. M. (2011). Overqualified employees: Making The Best of a Bad Situation For Individuals and Organizations. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice (4), 215-232.
  • FELDMAN, D. C. (1996). The Nature, Antecedents and Consequences of Underemployment. Journal of Management, 22, 385-407.
  • FİNE, S. and NEVO, B. (2008). Too Smart for Their Own Good? A Study of Perceived Cognitive Overqualification in the Workforce. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 346-355.
  • FRANK, R. H. (1978). Why Women Earn Less: The Theory and Estimation of Differential Overqualification. American Economic Review, 68(3), 360-373.
  • FREEMAN, R. (1976). The Overeducated American. Academic Press.
  • GREEN, F. and ZHU, Y. (2010). Overqualification, Job Dissatisfaction, and Increasing Dispersion in The Returns to Graduate Education. Oxford Economic Papers, 62, 740-763.
  • HU, J., ERDOGAN, B., BAUER, T., JİANG, K., LİU, S. and Lİ, Y. (2015). There are Lots of Big Fish in This Pond: The Role of Peer Overqualification on Task Significance Perceived Fit and Performance for Overqualified Employees. Journal of Applied Psychlogy, 100(4), 1228-1238.
  • HULTİN, H., LUNDBERG, M., LUNDİN, A. and MAGNUSSON, C. (2016). Do overeducated Individuals Have Increased Risks of Ill Health? A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study. Sociology of Health&Illness, 38, 980-995.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (1996). Perceived Overqualification and Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Social Psychology, 136, 435-445.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (1997). Perceived Overqualification, Emotional Support, and Health. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(21), 1906-1918.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (2000). Perceived overqualification, positive and negative affectivity, and satisfaction with work. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 15(2), 167-184.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (2000a). Perceived Overqualification and Dimensions of Job Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Analysis. Journal of Psychology, 134, 537-555.
  • JOHNSON, W. R., MORROW, P. C. and Johnson, G. J. (2002). An Evaluation of a Perceived Overqualification Scale Across Work Settings. The Journal Of Psychology, 136(4), 425-441.
  • JOHNSTON, R., KHATTAB, N. and MANLEY, D. (2015). East Versus West? Overqualification and Earnings Among The UK's European Migrants. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41, 196-218.
  • KHAN, L. J. and MORROW, P. C. (1991). Objective and subjective underemployment relationships to job satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 22(3), 211-218.
  • LOBENE, E. and MEADE, A. W. (2010). Perceived Overqualification: an Exploration of Outcomes. 25. Annual Meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (s. 1-7). Atlanta: GA.
  • LUKSYTE, A. and SPİTZMUELLER, C. (2011a). Overqualified Women: What Can Be Done About This Potentially Bad Situation? Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 4, 256-259.
  • LUKSYTE, A., SPİTZMUELLER, C. and MAYNARD, D. C. (2011). Why do overqualified incumbents deviate? Examining Multiple Mediators. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16, 279-296.
  • MALTARİCH, M. A., REİLLY, G. and NYBERG, A. J. (2011). Objective and Subjective Overqualification: Distinctions, Relationships, and a Place For Each in the Literature. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice(4), 236-239.
  • MAYNARD, D. C. and PARFYONOVA, N. M. (2013). Perceived Overqualification and Withdrawal Behaviours: Examining The Roles of Job Attitudes and Work Values. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(3), 435-455.
  • MAYNARD, D. C., BRONDOLO, E. M., CONNELLY, C. G. and SAUER, C. E. (2015). I'm Too Good for This Job: Narcissism's Role in the Experience of Overqualification. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 64(1), 208-232.
  • MCKEE-RYAN, F. M., VİRİCK, M., PRUSSİA, G. E., HARVEY, J. and LİLLY, J. D. (2009). Life After The Layoff: Getting a Job Worth Keeping. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30, 561-580.
  • MİLES, M. B. and HUBERMAN, A. M. (1994). An Expanded Sourcebook Qualitative Data Analysis. . New Delhi: Sage Publications.
  • ROH, Y. H., CHANG, J. Y., KİM, M. U. and NAM, S. K. (2014). The Effects of Income and Skill Utilization on the Underemployed's Self-Esteem, Mental Health, and Life Satisfaction. Journal of Employment Counseling, 51, 125-141.
  • SZYDLİK, M. (2002). Vocational Education and Labour Markets in Deregulated, Flexibly Coordinated and Planned Societies. European Societies, 4, 79-105.
  • ÜNSAL AKBIYIK, B. S. (2016). Otelcilik Sektöründe Algılanan Aşırı Nitelikliliğin Görev Perpormansına Etkisi: Alternatif İş Fırsatlarının Biçimlendirice Değişken Rolü. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research, 2(1), 19-29.
  • WALD, S. (2005). The Impact of Overqualification on Job Search. International Journal of Manpower, 26(2), 140-156.
  • YILDIZ, B., ÖZDEMİR, F., HABİP, E. ve ÇAKI, N. (2017). Aşırı Nitelikliliğin İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinde Kolektif Şükranın Moderator Etkisi. Örgütsel Davranış Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 40-61.

Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 42 - 57, 31.12.2019

Arzu Özkanan

Öz

Aşırı
niteliklilik, çalışanların yaptıkları işin gereklerinden daha fazla niteliğe
sahip olma durumunu ifade etmektedir. Aşırı niteliklilik algısı ise
çalışanların kendilerinin, yöneticilerinin veya çalışma arkadaşlarının çalışanın
niteliklerini işin gereklerinden fazla olarak algılamaları, çalışanların
gelişim olanaklarının olmadığı yönündeki algısıdır. Araştırma aşırı nitelik
algısının varlığını, nedenlerini ve etkilerini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Araştırmanın örneklemini, araştırmanın evrenini oluşturan üniversitelerden
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi fakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan idari
personellerden amaçlı örnekleme metotlarından kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile
belirlenmiş olan 16 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada aşırı nitelikli algısına
sahip olan kişiler ile görüşülmüş ve kişilerin işe giriş aşamasında
eğitimlerinin, işe girdikten sonra ise deneyimlerinin aşırı nitelik algısına
neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aşırı niteliklilik algısına sahip olan
çalışanlar öğrenme ve gelişim süreçlerine kendilerini kapatmış, aşırı olduğunu
düşündükleri niteliklerini de değerlendirmek yerine atıl duruma bırakmayı
tercih etmişlerdir. Araştırma sonuçlarından hareketle, algılanan aşırı
niteliklilik türleri ile nedenleri arasında bir ilişki ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Algılanan
aşırı nitelikliliğin diğer türleri ile nedenleri arasında ilişkilerin varlığı
ile ilgili çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik Çalışan – İş Uyumu Kendini Geliştirme İş Rotasyonu Nitel Araştırma

Kaynakça

  • AKIN, A. ve ULUKÖK, E. (2016). Fazla Nitelikliliğin Bireysel ve Örgütsel Sonuçlarının İncelenmesine Yönelik Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(4), 71-86.
  • AKSOY, C., ASLANTAŞ, M. ve ARSLAN, V. (2016). Adaletin Çalışma Hayatındaki Yansıması: Örgütsel Adalet, International Journal of Innovative Strategical Social Research, 1(1), 19-32.
  • BRACKE, P., PATTYN, E. and von dem KNESEBECK, O. (2013). Overeducation and Depressive Symytoms: Diminshing Mental Health Returns to Education. Sociology of Health&Illness, 35, 1242-1259.
  • BRYNİN, B. and LONGHİ, S. (2009). Overqualification: Major ve Minor Mismatch? Economics of Education Review, 28(1), 114-121.
  • BURKE, R. J. (1997). Correlates of Under-Employment Among Recent Business School Graduates. International Journal of Manpower, 18, 627-635.
  • BÜCHEL, F. (2002). The Effects of Overeducation on Productivity in Germany: The Firms' Viewpoint. Economics of Education Review, 21, 263-275.
  • BÜCHEL, F. and BATTU, H. (2002). The Theory of Differential Overqualification: Does It Work? Discussion Paper Series, 511, 1-24.
  • ERDOGAN, B. and BAUER, T. N. (2009). Perceived Overqualification and Its Outcomes: The Moderating Role of Empowerment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 557-565.
  • ERDOGAN, B., BAUER, T. N. and Karaeminogullari, A. (2017). Overqualification in the Workplace. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1-32.
  • ERDOGAN, B., BAUER, T. N., PEİRO, J. M. and TRUXİLLO, D. M. (2011). Overqualified employees: Making The Best of a Bad Situation For Individuals and Organizations. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice (4), 215-232.
  • FELDMAN, D. C. (1996). The Nature, Antecedents and Consequences of Underemployment. Journal of Management, 22, 385-407.
  • FİNE, S. and NEVO, B. (2008). Too Smart for Their Own Good? A Study of Perceived Cognitive Overqualification in the Workforce. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 346-355.
  • FRANK, R. H. (1978). Why Women Earn Less: The Theory and Estimation of Differential Overqualification. American Economic Review, 68(3), 360-373.
  • FREEMAN, R. (1976). The Overeducated American. Academic Press.
  • GREEN, F. and ZHU, Y. (2010). Overqualification, Job Dissatisfaction, and Increasing Dispersion in The Returns to Graduate Education. Oxford Economic Papers, 62, 740-763.
  • HU, J., ERDOGAN, B., BAUER, T., JİANG, K., LİU, S. and Lİ, Y. (2015). There are Lots of Big Fish in This Pond: The Role of Peer Overqualification on Task Significance Perceived Fit and Performance for Overqualified Employees. Journal of Applied Psychlogy, 100(4), 1228-1238.
  • HULTİN, H., LUNDBERG, M., LUNDİN, A. and MAGNUSSON, C. (2016). Do overeducated Individuals Have Increased Risks of Ill Health? A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study. Sociology of Health&Illness, 38, 980-995.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (1996). Perceived Overqualification and Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Social Psychology, 136, 435-445.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (1997). Perceived Overqualification, Emotional Support, and Health. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(21), 1906-1918.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (2000). Perceived overqualification, positive and negative affectivity, and satisfaction with work. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 15(2), 167-184.
  • JOHNSON, G. J. and JOHNSON, W. R. (2000a). Perceived Overqualification and Dimensions of Job Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Analysis. Journal of Psychology, 134, 537-555.
  • JOHNSON, W. R., MORROW, P. C. and Johnson, G. J. (2002). An Evaluation of a Perceived Overqualification Scale Across Work Settings. The Journal Of Psychology, 136(4), 425-441.
  • JOHNSTON, R., KHATTAB, N. and MANLEY, D. (2015). East Versus West? Overqualification and Earnings Among The UK's European Migrants. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41, 196-218.
  • KHAN, L. J. and MORROW, P. C. (1991). Objective and subjective underemployment relationships to job satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 22(3), 211-218.
  • LOBENE, E. and MEADE, A. W. (2010). Perceived Overqualification: an Exploration of Outcomes. 25. Annual Meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (s. 1-7). Atlanta: GA.
  • LUKSYTE, A. and SPİTZMUELLER, C. (2011a). Overqualified Women: What Can Be Done About This Potentially Bad Situation? Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 4, 256-259.
  • LUKSYTE, A., SPİTZMUELLER, C. and MAYNARD, D. C. (2011). Why do overqualified incumbents deviate? Examining Multiple Mediators. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16, 279-296.
  • MALTARİCH, M. A., REİLLY, G. and NYBERG, A. J. (2011). Objective and Subjective Overqualification: Distinctions, Relationships, and a Place For Each in the Literature. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice(4), 236-239.
  • MAYNARD, D. C. and PARFYONOVA, N. M. (2013). Perceived Overqualification and Withdrawal Behaviours: Examining The Roles of Job Attitudes and Work Values. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(3), 435-455.
  • MAYNARD, D. C., BRONDOLO, E. M., CONNELLY, C. G. and SAUER, C. E. (2015). I'm Too Good for This Job: Narcissism's Role in the Experience of Overqualification. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 64(1), 208-232.
  • MCKEE-RYAN, F. M., VİRİCK, M., PRUSSİA, G. E., HARVEY, J. and LİLLY, J. D. (2009). Life After The Layoff: Getting a Job Worth Keeping. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30, 561-580.
  • MİLES, M. B. and HUBERMAN, A. M. (1994). An Expanded Sourcebook Qualitative Data Analysis. . New Delhi: Sage Publications.
  • ROH, Y. H., CHANG, J. Y., KİM, M. U. and NAM, S. K. (2014). The Effects of Income and Skill Utilization on the Underemployed's Self-Esteem, Mental Health, and Life Satisfaction. Journal of Employment Counseling, 51, 125-141.
  • SZYDLİK, M. (2002). Vocational Education and Labour Markets in Deregulated, Flexibly Coordinated and Planned Societies. European Societies, 4, 79-105.
  • ÜNSAL AKBIYIK, B. S. (2016). Otelcilik Sektöründe Algılanan Aşırı Nitelikliliğin Görev Perpormansına Etkisi: Alternatif İş Fırsatlarının Biçimlendirice Değişken Rolü. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research, 2(1), 19-29.
  • WALD, S. (2005). The Impact of Overqualification on Job Search. International Journal of Manpower, 26(2), 140-156.
  • YILDIZ, B., ÖZDEMİR, F., HABİP, E. ve ÇAKI, N. (2017). Aşırı Nitelikliliğin İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinde Kolektif Şükranın Moderator Etkisi. Örgütsel Davranış Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 40-61.
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Arzu Özkanan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Kabul Tarihi 20 Şubat 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkanan, A. (2019). Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 42-57.
AMA Özkanan A. Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk. ADUSOBIED. Aralık 2019;6(2):42-57.
Chicago Özkanan, Arzu. “Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 6, sy. 2 (Aralık 2019): 42-57.
EndNote Özkanan A (01 Aralık 2019) Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 6 2 42–57.
IEEE A. Özkanan, “Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk”, ADUSOBIED, c. 6, sy. 2, ss. 42–57, 2019.
ISNAD Özkanan, Arzu. “Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 6/2 (Aralık 2019), 42-57.
JAMA Özkanan A. Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk. ADUSOBIED. 2019;6:42–57.
MLA Özkanan, Arzu. “Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 42-57.
Vancouver Özkanan A. Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Üretkenliğe Karşı Durgunluk. ADUSOBIED. 2019;6(2):42-57.

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