Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Does Software Piracy Mitigate Poverty?: Evidence from Developing and Latin America Countries

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 21, 79 - 85, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.55589/bsbd.1128370

Öz

This study analyzes the effect of usage of pirated software on poverty by using six prominent poverty indicators for the samples of developing and Latin America countries. The data utilized in models is out of balance and employ the period between 2003 and 2017. Our hypothesis asserts that increases in usage of pirated software diminish poverty in developing and Latin America countries. Firstly, univariate analyses are conducted, and the results of univariate analyses are demonstrated that there is a statistically significant opposite relationship between usage of pirated software and poverty in all six distinct poverty models. Secondly, three control variables (i.e., unemployment, health expenditure, and human capital) were included to our six poverty models to find out if the finding of univariate analyses retains its validity. The statistically significant reverse relationship between usage of pirated software and poverty remained the same after the inclusion of the three covariates. In other words, usage of pirated software maintains its negative significant effect on poverty in all models for both developing and Latin America countries samples. In consideration of the control variables, statistically significant negative coefficients were obtained for health expenditure and human capital whereas a positive coefficient was obtained for unemployment.

Kaynakça

  • Akanbi, O. A. (2015). Structural and institutional determinants of poverty in Sub-Saharan African countries. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 16(1), 122-141.
  • Andrés, A. R. (2006). Software piracy and income inequality. Applied Economics Letters, 13(2), 101-105.
  • Asongu, S. A. (2014). Software piracy and scientific publications: knowledge economy evidence from Africa. African Development Review, 26(4), 572-583.
  • Asongu, S. A. (2021). Global software piracy, technology and property rights institutions. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 12(3), 1036-1063.
  • Asongu, S., & Meniago, C. (2018). Technology and persistence in global software piracy. NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking, 19(1), 43-63.
  • Breunig, R., & Majeed, O. (2020). Inequality, poverty and economic growth. International Economics, 161, 83-99.
  • Diga, K., Nwaiwu, F., & Plantinga, P. (2013). ICT policy and poverty reduction in africa. The Journal of Policy, Regulation and Strategy for Telecommunications, 15(5), 114-127.
  • Donaldson, J. A. (2008). Growth is good for whom, when, how? economic growth and poverty reduction in exceptional cases. World Development, 36(11), 2127-2143.
  • Ferreira, F. H., Leite, P. G., & Ravallion, M. (2010). Poverty reduction without economic growth?: explaining brazil's poverty dynamics, 1985–2004. Journal of Development Economics, 93(1), 20-36.
  • Goel, R. K., & Nelson, M. A. (2009). Determinants of software piracy: economics, institutions, and technology. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 34(6), 637-658.
  • Goel, R. K., & Nelson, M. A. (2012). Shadow economy and international software piracy. Applied Financial Economics, 22(23), 1951-1959.
  • Islam, D., Sayeed, J., & Hossain, N. (2017). On determinants of poverty and inequality in Bangladesh. Journal of Poverty, 21(4), 352-371.
  • Koyuncu, J. Y. & Okşak, Y. (2019). The impact of banking crises on poverty: panel evidence. Studies on Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences: Volume 3, Rasim Yilmaz / Günther Löschnigg (eds.), pp. 255-262, Peterlang.
  • Kouadio, H. K., & Gakpa, L. L. (2022). Do economic growth and institutional quality reduce poverty and inequality in west africa?. Journal of Policy Modeling, 44(1), 41-63.
  • Koyuncu, C., & Ünal, H. S. (2020). Is economic freedom effective on poverty alleviation?. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(17), 146-151.
  • Koyuncu, C., & Yilmaz, R. (2013). Impact of private forest ownership on deforestation and poverty. Quality & Quantity, 47(3), 1657-1664.
  • Lau, E. K. W. (2003). An empirical study of software piracy. Business Ethics: A European Review, 12(3), 233-245.
  • Mbuyisa, B., & Leonard, A. (2017). The Role of ICT Use in SMEs Towards Poverty Reduction: A systematic literature review. Journal of International Development, 29(2), 159-197.
  • Mohamoud, A. M., & Bulut, E. (2020). Determinants of poverty in somalia: a logit model analysis. Fiscaoeconomia, 4(2), 437-451.
  • Oluoko-Odingo, A. A. (2009). Determinants of poverty: lessons from Kenya. GeoJournal, 74(4), 311-331.
  • Ozen, E. & Koyuncu, J. Y. (2020). Does globalization deteriorate or alleviate poverty?: panel analysis. Studies on Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences: Volume 4, Rasim Yilmaz / Günther Löschnigg (eds.), pp.21-32, Peterlang.
  • Robertson, C., Gilley, K. M., & Crittenden, W. F. (2008). Trade liberalization, corruption, and software piracy. Journal of Business Ethics, 78(4), 623-634.
  • Schmuhl, M. A., & Na, C. (2019). Globalization and software piracy within and across 103 countries. Crime, Law and Social Change, 72(3), 249-267.
  • Traphagan, M., & Griffith, A. (1998). Software piracy and global competitiveness: report on global software piracy. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 12(3), 431-451.
  • Yilmaz, R., & Koyuncu, C. (2010). China's export surge and world poverty. Transformations in Business & Economics, 9(2), 86-94.
  • Yılmaz, R., & Koyuncu, J. Y. (2018). The contribution of ict to poverty reduction: a panel data evidence. Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(4), 63-75.

Does Software Piracy Mitigate Poverty?: Evidence from Developing and Latin America Countries

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 21, 79 - 85, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.55589/bsbd.1128370

Öz

Bu çalışma korsan yazılım kullanımının yoksulluk üzerindeki etkisini gelişmekte olan ekonomiler ve Latin Amerika ülkeleri için altı farklı yoksulluk göstergesi kullanarak analiz etmektedir. Çalışmanın modellerinde dengesiz panel yardımıyla 2003-2017 dönemi verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel hipotezi; korsan yazılım kullanımındaki artışın yoksulluk seviyesini hafifleteceğidir. Birinci olarak, tek değişkenli analiz sonuçlarında; tüm farklı yoksulluk modellerinde korsan yazılım kullanımı ile yoksulluk değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif ilişki elde edilmiştir. İkinci olarak; işsizlik, sağlık harcamaları ve beşerî sermaye kontrol değişkenlerinin kullanıldığı çok değişkenli modellerde korsan yazılım kullanımı ile yoksulluk arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Diğer bir deyişle; tüm modeller de korsan yazılım kullanımının gelişmekte olan ülkeler ve Latin Amerika ülkelerinde yoksulluk üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif etkisi bulunmaktadır. Kontrol değişkenleri düşünüldüğünde; sağlık harcamaları ve beşerî sermaye değişkenleri yoksulluk değişkeni üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif katsayıya sahipken işsizlik değişkeninin yoksulluk üzerinde pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Akanbi, O. A. (2015). Structural and institutional determinants of poverty in Sub-Saharan African countries. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 16(1), 122-141.
  • Andrés, A. R. (2006). Software piracy and income inequality. Applied Economics Letters, 13(2), 101-105.
  • Asongu, S. A. (2014). Software piracy and scientific publications: knowledge economy evidence from Africa. African Development Review, 26(4), 572-583.
  • Asongu, S. A. (2021). Global software piracy, technology and property rights institutions. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 12(3), 1036-1063.
  • Asongu, S., & Meniago, C. (2018). Technology and persistence in global software piracy. NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking, 19(1), 43-63.
  • Breunig, R., & Majeed, O. (2020). Inequality, poverty and economic growth. International Economics, 161, 83-99.
  • Diga, K., Nwaiwu, F., & Plantinga, P. (2013). ICT policy and poverty reduction in africa. The Journal of Policy, Regulation and Strategy for Telecommunications, 15(5), 114-127.
  • Donaldson, J. A. (2008). Growth is good for whom, when, how? economic growth and poverty reduction in exceptional cases. World Development, 36(11), 2127-2143.
  • Ferreira, F. H., Leite, P. G., & Ravallion, M. (2010). Poverty reduction without economic growth?: explaining brazil's poverty dynamics, 1985–2004. Journal of Development Economics, 93(1), 20-36.
  • Goel, R. K., & Nelson, M. A. (2009). Determinants of software piracy: economics, institutions, and technology. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 34(6), 637-658.
  • Goel, R. K., & Nelson, M. A. (2012). Shadow economy and international software piracy. Applied Financial Economics, 22(23), 1951-1959.
  • Islam, D., Sayeed, J., & Hossain, N. (2017). On determinants of poverty and inequality in Bangladesh. Journal of Poverty, 21(4), 352-371.
  • Koyuncu, J. Y. & Okşak, Y. (2019). The impact of banking crises on poverty: panel evidence. Studies on Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences: Volume 3, Rasim Yilmaz / Günther Löschnigg (eds.), pp. 255-262, Peterlang.
  • Kouadio, H. K., & Gakpa, L. L. (2022). Do economic growth and institutional quality reduce poverty and inequality in west africa?. Journal of Policy Modeling, 44(1), 41-63.
  • Koyuncu, C., & Ünal, H. S. (2020). Is economic freedom effective on poverty alleviation?. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(17), 146-151.
  • Koyuncu, C., & Yilmaz, R. (2013). Impact of private forest ownership on deforestation and poverty. Quality & Quantity, 47(3), 1657-1664.
  • Lau, E. K. W. (2003). An empirical study of software piracy. Business Ethics: A European Review, 12(3), 233-245.
  • Mbuyisa, B., & Leonard, A. (2017). The Role of ICT Use in SMEs Towards Poverty Reduction: A systematic literature review. Journal of International Development, 29(2), 159-197.
  • Mohamoud, A. M., & Bulut, E. (2020). Determinants of poverty in somalia: a logit model analysis. Fiscaoeconomia, 4(2), 437-451.
  • Oluoko-Odingo, A. A. (2009). Determinants of poverty: lessons from Kenya. GeoJournal, 74(4), 311-331.
  • Ozen, E. & Koyuncu, J. Y. (2020). Does globalization deteriorate or alleviate poverty?: panel analysis. Studies on Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences: Volume 4, Rasim Yilmaz / Günther Löschnigg (eds.), pp.21-32, Peterlang.
  • Robertson, C., Gilley, K. M., & Crittenden, W. F. (2008). Trade liberalization, corruption, and software piracy. Journal of Business Ethics, 78(4), 623-634.
  • Schmuhl, M. A., & Na, C. (2019). Globalization and software piracy within and across 103 countries. Crime, Law and Social Change, 72(3), 249-267.
  • Traphagan, M., & Griffith, A. (1998). Software piracy and global competitiveness: report on global software piracy. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 12(3), 431-451.
  • Yilmaz, R., & Koyuncu, C. (2010). China's export surge and world poverty. Transformations in Business & Economics, 9(2), 86-94.
  • Yılmaz, R., & Koyuncu, J. Y. (2018). The contribution of ict to poverty reduction: a panel data evidence. Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(4), 63-75.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mustafa Ünver 0000-0002-0491-3080

Jülide Yalçınkaya Koyuncu 0000-0001-7930-4901

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2022
Kabul Tarihi 12 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 21

Kaynak Göster

APA Ünver, M., & Yalçınkaya Koyuncu, J. (2022). Does Software Piracy Mitigate Poverty?: Evidence from Developing and Latin America Countries. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(21), 79-85. https://doi.org/10.55589/bsbd.1128370