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İNSAN TRAKEOBRONŞİAL AĞACININ HER İKİ CİNSİYETİN FARKLI YAŞ GRUPLARINDA CT İLE MORFOMETRİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 19 - 28, 26.06.2019

İşık Tuncer

Öz

ÖZET

Amaç:
Trakeal çapların (transverse ve anteroposterior), ana bronşların ve lober
bronşların uzunluklarının CT taramasıyla ölçülmesi.Klinik
değişkenlerle,trakeobronşial ağaç CT taraması ölçümleri arasındaki ilişkiyi
değerlendirmek.Uygun ölçülerde duble lümen tüp seçimine yardım etmek.

Materyal
ve Metot: Bu çalışma Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram
Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi ve Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı bünyesinde
gerçekleştirilmiştir. 150 birey üzerinde (28’i 40 yaşından küçük, 122’si 40
yaşından büyük) uygulandı. Trachea length (TU),
diameter, (anteroposterior, transverse) (TAPÇ, TTRÇ),
right main bronchus (RMB), Left main bronchus (LMB), right upper lobe bronchus
(RUB), middle lobe bronchus (MLB), right lower lobe bronchus (RLB),
left upper lobe
bronchus (LUB) ve left lower lobe bronchus
uzunlukları ölçüldü.

Bulgular:
Parametrelerin yaş ve cinsiyete göre ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri
hesaplandı. Tüm parametreler ve yaş arasında önemli bir korelasyon vardı. TAPÇ,
MLBU, RLBU hariç, bütün değerler 40 yaş üstü bireylerde fazla bulunmuştur.
Bütün parametrelerle cinsiyet arasında da korelasyon
gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Bütün değerler erkeklerde fazla bulunmuştur.

Sonuç:
İnsan TBA’da
işaretli bir dimorfizm vardır. Yetişkin TBA’nın in vivo varyasyonları standart tanımlamalardakinden daha büyüktür.
Bu bilgi göğüs CT taramalarını yorumlamada ve respiratuar ölü boşluğu
hesaplamada değerli olabilir.











Anahtar Kelimeler: Trakeobronşial
ağaç, morphometry, adult, CT.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trakeobronşial ağaç morphometry adult

Kaynakça

  • REFERANSLAR1. Achenbach, T., Weinheimer, O., Brochhausen, C., Hollemann, D., Baumbach, B., Scholz, A., Düber, C. (2012). Accuracy of automatic airway morphometry in computed tomography-correlation of radiological-pathological findings. European journal of Radiology, 81, 183-188.
  • 2. April, M.M., March, B.R. (1993). Laryngotracheal reconstruction of subglottic stenosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 102, 176-81.
  • 3. Brody A.S., Kuhn, J.P., Seidel, F.G., Brodisky, L. (1991). Airway evaluation in children with use of ultrafast. CT: pitfalls and recommendations. Radiology, 178, 181-4.
  • 4. Breatnach, E., Abbott, G.C., Fraser, R.G. (1984). Dimensions of the normal human trachea. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 142, 903-906.
  • 5. Chen, J.T., Putman, C.E., Hedlund, L.W., Dahmash, N.S., Roberts, L. (1982). Widening of the subcarinal angle by pericardial effusion. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 139, 883-887.
  • 6. Chunder, R., Nandi, S., Guha, R. and Satyanara N. (2010). Anthrophometric study of human trachea and principal bronchi in different age groups in both sexes and its clinical implications. Nepal Med Coll, 12-4, 207-214.
  • 7. Cotton, R.T., O’Connor, D.M. (1992). Evaluation of the airway for laryngotracheal reconstruction. Int Anesthesiol Clin, 30, 93-8.
  • 8. Cauraud, L., Moreau, J.M., Velly J.F. (1990). The growth of circumferential scors of the major airways from infancy to adulthood. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 4, 521-6.
  • 9. Croteau, J.R., Cook, C.D. (1961). Volume-pressure and length-tension measurements in human trachea and bronchial segment. J Appl Physiol, 16, 170-2.
  • 10. Chow, M.Y., Liam, B.L., Thng, C.H., Chang, B.K. (1999). Predicting the sizes of a double-lumen endobronchial tube using computed tomographic scan measurements of the left main bronchus diameter. Anesth Analg, 88, 302-305.
  • 11. Doolin, E.J., Strande, L. (1995). Calibration of endoscopic images. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 19-23.
  • 12. Dougerty, G., Newman, D. (1999). Measurement of thickness and density of thin structures by computed tomography: a simulation study. Medical physics, 26-7, 1341-8.
  • 13. Engel, S. (1962). Lung Structure. In child’s lung. Thomas, C.C. (edr), Springfield, USA. 6-9.
  • 14. Gamsu, G., Webb, W.R. (1982). Computed Tomography of the trachea: Normal and abnormal. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 139, 321-326.
  • 15. Gricsom, N.T. (1982). Computed tomographic determination of tracheal dimensions in children and adolescents. Radiology, 145, 364.
  • 16. Griscom, N.T., Wohl, M.E. (1986). Dimensions of the growing trachea related to age and gender. AJR Am J Roentgenal, 146, 233-237.
  • 17. Grydeland, T.B., Dirksen, A., Coxon, H.O. et al. (2009). Quantitative CT: emphysema and airway wall thickness by gender, age and smoking. Eur Res Pir J, 34, 858-65.
  • 18. Hasegawa, M., Makita, H., Nasuhara, Y., et al. (2009). Relationship between improved airflow limitation and changes in airway caliber induced by inhaled anticholinergic agents in COPD. Thorax, 64-4, 332-8.
  • 19. Hasleton, P.S. (1996). Spencer’s pathology of the lung. In Anatomy of the lung. Hasleton PS and Curry A. (edrs). 5th edition. Vol. 1. Mc Graw-Hill; 6-7.
  • 20. Jesseph, J.E., Merendino, K.A. (1957). The dimensional interrelationships of the major components of the human tracheobronchial tree. Surg Gynecol Obstet, 105, 201-214.
  • 21. Jit, H., Jit, I. (2000). Dimensions and shape of the trachea in the neonates, children and adults in northwest India. Indian J Med Res, 112, 27-33.
  • 22. Kalache, K.O., Franz, M., Chaoui, R., Balmen, R. (1999). Ultrasound measurements of the diameter of the fetal trachea, larynx and pharynx thoughout gestation and applicability to prenatal diagnosis of obstructive anomalies of the upper respiratory digestive tract. Prenatal Diagn, 19, 211-218.
  • 23. Kamel, K.S., Lau, G., Stringer, M.D. (2009). In vivo and In vitro morphometry of the human trachea. Clinical Anatomy, 22, 571-579.
  • 24. Kim, N., Sea, J.B., Sang, K.S., Chae, E.J., Kong, S.H. (2008). Semi-automatic measurement of the airway dimension by computed tomography using the full with-half maximum method: a study on the measurement accuracy according to the CT parameters and size of the airway. Korean J Radiol, 9-3, 226-35.
  • 25. Kim, N., Seo, J.B., Sang, K.S., Chae, E.J., Kong S.H. (2008). Semi-automatic measurement of the airway dimension by computed tomography using the full-with-half maximum method: a study of the measurement accuracy according to the orientation of an artificaial airway. Korean J Radiol, 9-3, 226-42.
  • 26. King, G.G., Müller, N.U., Whittal, K.P., Xiong, Q.S., Pare, P.D. (2000). An analysis algorithm for measuring airway lumen and wall areas from high-resolution computed tomographic data. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1612-1, 574-80.
  • 27. Montoudan, M., Berger, P., Cangini-Sacher, A., et al. (2007). Bronchial measurement with tree dimensional quantitative thin-section CT in patients with cystic fibrosis. Radiology, 242-2, 573-81.
  • 28. Murray, J.G., Brown, A.L., Anagnostou, E.A., Senior, R. (1995). Widening of the tracheal bifurcation on chest radiographs: Value as a sign of left atrial enlargement. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 164, 1089-1092.
  • 29. Nakano, Y., Müller, N.L., King, G.G., et al. (2002). Quantitative assessment of airway remodeling using high-resolution CT. Chest, 1226, 2715-58.
  • 30. Narcy, P., Contencin, P., Fligny, I., François, M. (1990). Surgical treatment for laryngotracheal stenosis in the pediatric patient. Arc Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 116, 1047-50.
  • 31. Ng, Y.L., Paul, N., Patsias, D., et al. (2009). Imaging of lung transplantations review. AJR, 1923 (Supp. S1-13).
  • 32. Ochi, J.W., Evans, J.N.G., Bailey, C.M. (1992). Pediatric airway reconstruction at Great Ormand Street: a ten-year review. I. Laryngotracheoplasty and laryngotracheal reconstruction. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 101, 465-8.
  • 33. Rau, W.S., Haustein, K., Volk, P., Mittermayer, C. (1980). Investigation of radiologic lung fine structure by freezing of inflated specimens in liquid nitrogen (author’s trans). J. RoFo, 133-4, 400-5.
  • 34. Rau, W.S., Mettermayer, C. (1980). Volume controlled fixasyon of the lung by formalin vapor. (author’s transl) J RoFo, 133-4, 233-9.
  • 35. Richardson, M.A., Cotton, R.T. (1985). Anatomic abnormalities of the pediatric airway. Ear Nose Throat, 64, 47-60.
  • 36. Ruggins, N.R., Milner, A.D. (1993). Site of upper airway obstruction in infants following on acute life threatening event. Pediatrics, 91, 595-601.
  • 37. Satch, K., Kobayashi, T., Ohkawa, M., Tanabe, M. (1997). Preparation of human whole lungs inflated and fixed for radiologic-pathologic correlation. Acad Radiol, 45, 374-9.
  • 38. Seymour, A.H. (2003). The relationship between the diameters of the adult cricoid ring and main tracheobronchial tree: a cadaver study to investigate the basis for double-lumen tube selection. J Cardithorac Vasc Anesth, 17, 299-301.
  • 39. Siddiqui, S., Gupta, S., Cruse, G., et al. (2009). Airway wall geometry in asthma and nonasthmatic eocsinophilic bronchitis. Allerg, 64-6, 958-8.
  • 40. Silver, F.M., Myer, C.M., Cotton, R.T. (1991). Anterior cricoid split. Update 1991. Am J Otolaryngol, 12, 343-6.
  • 41. Spencer, S., Galloway, H. (1999). Schwartz’s principles of surgery. In chest wall, plevra, lung and mediastinum. Rusch VW and Ginsberg RJ (edrs). 7th edition. Churchill Livingstone. Edin. London: 764.
  • 42. Standring, S., Ellis, E., Healy, J.C., Johnson, D., Williams, A. (2005). Gray’s Anatomy. In Thorax. Johnson D. (edr), 39th edition, Churchill Livingstone, Edin. Lon. Phil 1063-82.
  • 43. Standring, S. (ed.) (2008). Gray’s Anatomy. 40th Ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. 1000-1005.
  • 44. Strande, L., Santos, M.C., Doolin, E.J. (1996). Airway measurement using morphometric analysis. Ann otol Rhinol Laryngol, 104, 835-838.
  • 45. Triglia, J.M., Guys, J.M., Delarue, A., Carcassonne, M. (1991). M Management of pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis. J Pediatr Surg, 26, 651-4.
  • 46. Tschirren, J., Hoffman, E.A., McLennan, G., Sanka, M. (2005). Segmentation and quantitative analysis of intrathoracic airway trees from computed tomography images. Proc Am Thorac Soc, 2-6, 503-4.
  • 47. Weinheimer, O., Achenbach, T., Bletz, C., Duber, C., Kavczar, H.U., Heussel, C.P. (2008). About objective 3-d analysis of airway geometry in computerized tomography. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 27-1, 64-74.
  • 48. Worthy, S.A., Flint J.D., Müller, N.L. (1997). Pulmonary complications after bone marrow transplantation-high-resolution CT and pathologic findings. Radiographics, 17-6, 1359-71.
  • 49. Zalzal, G.H., Thomsen, J.R., Chaney, H.R., Derkay, C. (1990). Pulmonary parameters in children after laryngotracheal reconstruction. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 99, 386-9.

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 19 - 28, 26.06.2019

İşık Tuncer

Öz

Kaynakça

  • REFERANSLAR1. Achenbach, T., Weinheimer, O., Brochhausen, C., Hollemann, D., Baumbach, B., Scholz, A., Düber, C. (2012). Accuracy of automatic airway morphometry in computed tomography-correlation of radiological-pathological findings. European journal of Radiology, 81, 183-188.
  • 2. April, M.M., March, B.R. (1993). Laryngotracheal reconstruction of subglottic stenosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 102, 176-81.
  • 3. Brody A.S., Kuhn, J.P., Seidel, F.G., Brodisky, L. (1991). Airway evaluation in children with use of ultrafast. CT: pitfalls and recommendations. Radiology, 178, 181-4.
  • 4. Breatnach, E., Abbott, G.C., Fraser, R.G. (1984). Dimensions of the normal human trachea. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 142, 903-906.
  • 5. Chen, J.T., Putman, C.E., Hedlund, L.W., Dahmash, N.S., Roberts, L. (1982). Widening of the subcarinal angle by pericardial effusion. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 139, 883-887.
  • 6. Chunder, R., Nandi, S., Guha, R. and Satyanara N. (2010). Anthrophometric study of human trachea and principal bronchi in different age groups in both sexes and its clinical implications. Nepal Med Coll, 12-4, 207-214.
  • 7. Cotton, R.T., O’Connor, D.M. (1992). Evaluation of the airway for laryngotracheal reconstruction. Int Anesthesiol Clin, 30, 93-8.
  • 8. Cauraud, L., Moreau, J.M., Velly J.F. (1990). The growth of circumferential scors of the major airways from infancy to adulthood. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 4, 521-6.
  • 9. Croteau, J.R., Cook, C.D. (1961). Volume-pressure and length-tension measurements in human trachea and bronchial segment. J Appl Physiol, 16, 170-2.
  • 10. Chow, M.Y., Liam, B.L., Thng, C.H., Chang, B.K. (1999). Predicting the sizes of a double-lumen endobronchial tube using computed tomographic scan measurements of the left main bronchus diameter. Anesth Analg, 88, 302-305.
  • 11. Doolin, E.J., Strande, L. (1995). Calibration of endoscopic images. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 19-23.
  • 12. Dougerty, G., Newman, D. (1999). Measurement of thickness and density of thin structures by computed tomography: a simulation study. Medical physics, 26-7, 1341-8.
  • 13. Engel, S. (1962). Lung Structure. In child’s lung. Thomas, C.C. (edr), Springfield, USA. 6-9.
  • 14. Gamsu, G., Webb, W.R. (1982). Computed Tomography of the trachea: Normal and abnormal. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 139, 321-326.
  • 15. Gricsom, N.T. (1982). Computed tomographic determination of tracheal dimensions in children and adolescents. Radiology, 145, 364.
  • 16. Griscom, N.T., Wohl, M.E. (1986). Dimensions of the growing trachea related to age and gender. AJR Am J Roentgenal, 146, 233-237.
  • 17. Grydeland, T.B., Dirksen, A., Coxon, H.O. et al. (2009). Quantitative CT: emphysema and airway wall thickness by gender, age and smoking. Eur Res Pir J, 34, 858-65.
  • 18. Hasegawa, M., Makita, H., Nasuhara, Y., et al. (2009). Relationship between improved airflow limitation and changes in airway caliber induced by inhaled anticholinergic agents in COPD. Thorax, 64-4, 332-8.
  • 19. Hasleton, P.S. (1996). Spencer’s pathology of the lung. In Anatomy of the lung. Hasleton PS and Curry A. (edrs). 5th edition. Vol. 1. Mc Graw-Hill; 6-7.
  • 20. Jesseph, J.E., Merendino, K.A. (1957). The dimensional interrelationships of the major components of the human tracheobronchial tree. Surg Gynecol Obstet, 105, 201-214.
  • 21. Jit, H., Jit, I. (2000). Dimensions and shape of the trachea in the neonates, children and adults in northwest India. Indian J Med Res, 112, 27-33.
  • 22. Kalache, K.O., Franz, M., Chaoui, R., Balmen, R. (1999). Ultrasound measurements of the diameter of the fetal trachea, larynx and pharynx thoughout gestation and applicability to prenatal diagnosis of obstructive anomalies of the upper respiratory digestive tract. Prenatal Diagn, 19, 211-218.
  • 23. Kamel, K.S., Lau, G., Stringer, M.D. (2009). In vivo and In vitro morphometry of the human trachea. Clinical Anatomy, 22, 571-579.
  • 24. Kim, N., Sea, J.B., Sang, K.S., Chae, E.J., Kong, S.H. (2008). Semi-automatic measurement of the airway dimension by computed tomography using the full with-half maximum method: a study on the measurement accuracy according to the CT parameters and size of the airway. Korean J Radiol, 9-3, 226-35.
  • 25. Kim, N., Seo, J.B., Sang, K.S., Chae, E.J., Kong S.H. (2008). Semi-automatic measurement of the airway dimension by computed tomography using the full-with-half maximum method: a study of the measurement accuracy according to the orientation of an artificaial airway. Korean J Radiol, 9-3, 226-42.
  • 26. King, G.G., Müller, N.U., Whittal, K.P., Xiong, Q.S., Pare, P.D. (2000). An analysis algorithm for measuring airway lumen and wall areas from high-resolution computed tomographic data. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1612-1, 574-80.
  • 27. Montoudan, M., Berger, P., Cangini-Sacher, A., et al. (2007). Bronchial measurement with tree dimensional quantitative thin-section CT in patients with cystic fibrosis. Radiology, 242-2, 573-81.
  • 28. Murray, J.G., Brown, A.L., Anagnostou, E.A., Senior, R. (1995). Widening of the tracheal bifurcation on chest radiographs: Value as a sign of left atrial enlargement. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 164, 1089-1092.
  • 29. Nakano, Y., Müller, N.L., King, G.G., et al. (2002). Quantitative assessment of airway remodeling using high-resolution CT. Chest, 1226, 2715-58.
  • 30. Narcy, P., Contencin, P., Fligny, I., François, M. (1990). Surgical treatment for laryngotracheal stenosis in the pediatric patient. Arc Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 116, 1047-50.
  • 31. Ng, Y.L., Paul, N., Patsias, D., et al. (2009). Imaging of lung transplantations review. AJR, 1923 (Supp. S1-13).
  • 32. Ochi, J.W., Evans, J.N.G., Bailey, C.M. (1992). Pediatric airway reconstruction at Great Ormand Street: a ten-year review. I. Laryngotracheoplasty and laryngotracheal reconstruction. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 101, 465-8.
  • 33. Rau, W.S., Haustein, K., Volk, P., Mittermayer, C. (1980). Investigation of radiologic lung fine structure by freezing of inflated specimens in liquid nitrogen (author’s trans). J. RoFo, 133-4, 400-5.
  • 34. Rau, W.S., Mettermayer, C. (1980). Volume controlled fixasyon of the lung by formalin vapor. (author’s transl) J RoFo, 133-4, 233-9.
  • 35. Richardson, M.A., Cotton, R.T. (1985). Anatomic abnormalities of the pediatric airway. Ear Nose Throat, 64, 47-60.
  • 36. Ruggins, N.R., Milner, A.D. (1993). Site of upper airway obstruction in infants following on acute life threatening event. Pediatrics, 91, 595-601.
  • 37. Satch, K., Kobayashi, T., Ohkawa, M., Tanabe, M. (1997). Preparation of human whole lungs inflated and fixed for radiologic-pathologic correlation. Acad Radiol, 45, 374-9.
  • 38. Seymour, A.H. (2003). The relationship between the diameters of the adult cricoid ring and main tracheobronchial tree: a cadaver study to investigate the basis for double-lumen tube selection. J Cardithorac Vasc Anesth, 17, 299-301.
  • 39. Siddiqui, S., Gupta, S., Cruse, G., et al. (2009). Airway wall geometry in asthma and nonasthmatic eocsinophilic bronchitis. Allerg, 64-6, 958-8.
  • 40. Silver, F.M., Myer, C.M., Cotton, R.T. (1991). Anterior cricoid split. Update 1991. Am J Otolaryngol, 12, 343-6.
  • 41. Spencer, S., Galloway, H. (1999). Schwartz’s principles of surgery. In chest wall, plevra, lung and mediastinum. Rusch VW and Ginsberg RJ (edrs). 7th edition. Churchill Livingstone. Edin. London: 764.
  • 42. Standring, S., Ellis, E., Healy, J.C., Johnson, D., Williams, A. (2005). Gray’s Anatomy. In Thorax. Johnson D. (edr), 39th edition, Churchill Livingstone, Edin. Lon. Phil 1063-82.
  • 43. Standring, S. (ed.) (2008). Gray’s Anatomy. 40th Ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. 1000-1005.
  • 44. Strande, L., Santos, M.C., Doolin, E.J. (1996). Airway measurement using morphometric analysis. Ann otol Rhinol Laryngol, 104, 835-838.
  • 45. Triglia, J.M., Guys, J.M., Delarue, A., Carcassonne, M. (1991). M Management of pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis. J Pediatr Surg, 26, 651-4.
  • 46. Tschirren, J., Hoffman, E.A., McLennan, G., Sanka, M. (2005). Segmentation and quantitative analysis of intrathoracic airway trees from computed tomography images. Proc Am Thorac Soc, 2-6, 503-4.
  • 47. Weinheimer, O., Achenbach, T., Bletz, C., Duber, C., Kavczar, H.U., Heussel, C.P. (2008). About objective 3-d analysis of airway geometry in computerized tomography. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 27-1, 64-74.
  • 48. Worthy, S.A., Flint J.D., Müller, N.L. (1997). Pulmonary complications after bone marrow transplantation-high-resolution CT and pathologic findings. Radiographics, 17-6, 1359-71.
  • 49. Zalzal, G.H., Thomsen, J.R., Chaney, H.R., Derkay, C. (1990). Pulmonary parameters in children after laryngotracheal reconstruction. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 99, 386-9.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İşık Tuncer

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Haziran 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Tuncer, İ. (2019). İNSAN TRAKEOBRONŞİAL AĞACININ HER İKİ CİNSİYETİN FARKLI YAŞ GRUPLARINDA CT İLE MORFOMETRİK ÇALIŞMASI. Dünya Sağlık Ve Tabiat Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 19-28.
 Kapak Resmi İndir