Araştırma Makalesi
Liderlik Tarzları ve Otoriteye Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Suriye-İGAB Bölgesindeki Girişimciler Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Öz
Liderlik, sadece olağan/normal koşullardaki bir önderlik/öncülük etmeyi değil, yapısı gereği normal dışı koşullarda izleyicilerini/astlarını yönlendirebilme kabiliyetlerini gösterebilmeyi de içerir. Bu kapsamda, sahip olunan girişimcilik birikimlerini uygulamada ortaya koyabilmek önemlidir. Aynı şekilde, sahip olunan yeteneklerin otorite ile ilişkilendirileme biçimi de, liderlik etmede karşılaşılan diğer önemli boyut olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, olağanüstü koşullar altında otoriteye bağlılık ve liderlik değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkinin, sınırlı güvenlik koşulları altında bulunan İdlib bölgesinde yaşanan gelişmelerin değerlendirilmesidir. Suriye harekât bölgesinde bulunan İdlib Gerginliği Azaltma Bölgesi (İGAB), yeniden şekillenmekte olan Suriye devletinden farklı olarak serbest piyasa ekonomisi şartlarının hızla ve özgürce geliştiği, Uluslararası hukukun devletlere yüklemiş olduğu hak ve yükümlülükleri yerine getirebilmeye elverişli dinamiklere sahip bir laboratuvar niteliğinde olduğundan literatüre katkı düzeyi belirgindir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Liderlik Tarzlari Otoriteye Bağlilik Girşimcilik İdlib Gerginliği Azaltma Bölgesi Suriye
Kaynakça
- Abraham, Katharine G., Haltiwanger, John C., Sandusky, Kristin, Spletzer, James R. (2018). Measuring the Gig Economy: Current Knowledge and Open Issues, NBER Working Paper No. 24950.
- Ajzen, I. ve Fishbein, M. (1980). “Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior”, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
- Allen, N.J. and Meyer, J.P. (1990) The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 1-18.
- Akıncı, M. (2013). “Ekonomik Özgürlükler ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(2), 55-93.
- Angelika, A., Hattie, J. ve Hamilton, R. J. (2005). “Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation in Different Schools: Is Moderation the Key to Success?”, Educational Psychology, 25(5), 517-535.
- Arendt, H. (2004). Geçmişle Gelecek Arasında: Otorite Nedir? (Çev. B. Sina Şener), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
- Bass, B. M. (1990). “From Transactional to Transformational Laedership: Learning to Share the Vision”, Organizational Dynamics, 18 (3), 19-31.
- Bennis, W. G. (1959). “Leadership Theory and Administrative Behaviour; The Problem of Authority”, (Vol. 4) Ardent Media.
- Bennett, R.J. ve Stamper, C.L. (2001). “Corporate Citizenship And Deviancy: A Study Of Work Behavior”, In C. Galbraith & M. Ryan (Eds.), International research in the business disciplines: Strategies and organizationsin transition, 265–284.
- Bentley, F. S., Jiang, K. (2019). “I’m Better Than This! Managing Overqualified Workers Using the Task Context”, In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2019, No. 1, p. 17876). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
- Biersted, R. (1950). “An Analysis of Social Power”, American Sociological Review, 15 (6), 730-738.
- Cheng, B., Zhou, X., Guo, G. and Yang, K. (2018). “Perceived Overqualification and Cyberloafing: A Moderated-Mediation Model Based on Equity Theory”, Journal of Business Ethics, 164, 565-577.
- Cho, H. (2006). Adder and multiplier design and analysis in quantum-dot cellular automata, The University of Texas at Austin.
- Cleveland L. W. and M. Bunton. (2009). A history of the modern middle east (4. Baskı), Westview Publications, Philadelphia.
- Coleman, J. S. (1988). “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”, The American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-S120.
- Crosby, F. (1984). “Relative Deprivation in Organizational Settings”, Research in Organizational Behavior, 6, 51-93.
- Dehler, G.E., Welsh, M.A. (1998). Problematizing Deviance in Contemporary Organizations: A Critical Perspective. In book: Dysfunctional behavior in organizations: Nonviolent behaviors in organizations, Edition: Part A, Chapter: 9, Publisher: JAI Press, Editors: R.W. Griffin, A. O'Leary-Kelly, J.M. Collins.
- Dienesch, R.M. ve Liden, R.C. (1986). “Leader-Member Exchange Model of Leadership: A Critique and Further Development”, The Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 618-634.
- Drucker, P. F. (1998). “The Coming of the New Organization”, Harvard Business Review on Knowledge Management, Harvard Business School Pres, 1-19.
- Dulebohn, J.H., Bommer, W.H., Liden, R.C., Brouer, R.L. ve Ferris, G.R. (2012). “A Meta Analysis of Antecedents andConsequences of Leader-Member Exchange: Integrating the Past With an Eye Toward the Future”, Journal of Management, 38 (6), 1715-1759.
- Duverger, M. (2007). Siyaset Sosyolojisi, (Çev. Şirin Tekeli) İstanbul: Varlık Yayınları. Fine, S. (2007). “Overqualification and Selection in Leadership Training”, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14(1), 61-68.
- Follett, M. P. (1973). Power. In E. M. Fox & L. Urwick (Eds.), Dynamicadministration: The collected papers of Mary Parker Follett (66-87). London, UK: Pitman.
- Gerstner, C.R. ve Day, D.V. (1997). “Meta-Analytic Review of Leader–Member Exchange Theory: Correlates And Construct Issues”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (6), 827–844.
- Graen, G.B. ve Cashman, J. (1975). A Role-Making Model of Leadership İin Formal Organizations: A Developmental Approach, In J.G. Hunt & L.L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership frontiers (143-166). Kent, OH: Kent State University Press.
- Graen, G., Novak, M. ve Sommerkamp, P. (1982). “The Effects of Leader-Member Exchange And Job Design on Productivity And Job Satisfaction: Testing A Dual Attachment Model”, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 30, 109-131.
- Hartog, D. N., Van Muijen, J. J. ve Koopman, P. L. (1997). “Transactional versus transformational leadership: An analysis of the MLQ”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70(1), 19–34.
- Hayek, M., Novicevic, M. M., Humphreys, J. H. Ve Jones, N. (2010). “Ending the denial of slavery in management history: Paternalistic leadership of Joseph Emory Davis”, Journal of Management History. 16 (3), 367-379.
- House, R.J. (1992). “Charismatic leadership in service-producing organizations”, International Journal of Service Industry Management, 3 (2), 5–16.
- Gillespie, N. A., ve Mann, L. (2004). “Transformational Leadership and Shared Values: The Building Blocks of Trust”. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19 (6), 588–607.
- Jennifer L. Epley (2015). “Weber’s Theory of Charismatic Leadership: The Case of Muslim Leaders in Contemporary Indonesian Politics”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 5 (7), 7-17.
- Karasar, N. (2006). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
- Knights, D. ve McCabe, D. (1999). “Are There No Limits to Authority?: TQM and Organizational Power”, Organization Studies, 20 (2), 197-224.
- Koh, W. L., Steers, R. M., ve Terborg, J. R. (1995). “The effects of transformational leadership on teacher attitudes and student performance in Singapore”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 319-333.
- Kojave, A. (2007). Otorite Kavramı, (Çev. Murat Erşen) İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık.
- Koyuncu, A. A. (2013). Arap baharında Suriye milliyetçilik ve ulus inşası, Ankara: Altınpost Yayıncılık.
- Labich, K. (1988). “The Seven Keys to Business Leadership”, Fortune October 24, U.S.A.36.
- Lesch David W. (2013). “The unknown future of Syria”, Mediterranean Politics, 18(1), 97-103.
- Le Bon G. (2013). Kitleler Psikolojisi, Çev.Hasan İlhan, Alter Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Liden, R. ve Graen, G. (1980). “Generalizability of The Vertical Dyad Linkage Model of Leadership”, Academy of Management Journal, 23, 451-465.
- Liepman, A. M., Nichiporuk, B. ve Killmeyer, J. (2014). “Alternative futures for Syria: Regional implications and challenges for the United States”, Rand National Defense Research Inst, Santa Monica.
- Lukes, S. (2002). İktidar ve Otorite, (Çev. Sabri Tekay), İçinde Bottamare, T. & Nisbet, R. (Der) Sosyolojik Çözümlemenin Tarihi, Ankara: Ayraç Yayınları
- Mendel, G. (2005-a). Bir Otorite Tarihi: Süreklilikler ve Değişiklikler, (Çev. Işık Ergüden) İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
- Mikulincer, M., ve Shaver, P. R. (2005). “Attachment Security, Compassion, and Altruism”, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(1), 34–38
- Patterson, K. (2003). “Servant Leadership: A Theoretical Model”. Proceedings of the Servant Leadership Roundtable. Retrieved January 13, 2009.
- Scandura, T.A. (1999). “Rethinking Leader-Member Exchange An Organizational Justice Perspective”, Leadership Quartely, 10 (1), 25-4.
- Smith, H.J., Pettigrew, T.F., Pippin, G.M.ve Bialosiewicz, S. (2012). “Relative Deprivation: A Theoretical and Meta-Analytic Review”, Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16 (3), 203-232.
- Spears, L. C. (1994). “Servant Leadership: Quest for Caring Leadership”, Inner Quest.
- Thompson, J. D. (1956). “Authority and power in identical organizations”, American Journal of Sociology, 62(3), 290-301.
- Tichy, N.M., ve Devanna, M. (1986). “The Transformational Leader”, Training and Development Journal.
- Tosi, H. L.; Rizzo J. R. ve Carroll S. J. (1990). “Managing Organizational Behavior”, Harper & Row Publishers, Second Edition, USA. Wallace, P. (2004). The Internet in the Workplace: How New Technology Is Transforming Work, Cambridge University Press, New York.
- Wang, Z., Xu, S., Sun, Y. ve Liu, Y. (2019). “Transformational Leadership and Employee Voice: An Affective Perspective”, Frontiers of Business Research in China, 13, 1-14.
- Zhu, W., Chew, I. K. ve Spangler, W. D. (2005). “CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management”, The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.Acar, D. ve Tetik, N. (2013). Genel Muhasebe, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
Examınatıon Of The Relatıons Between Leadershıp Styles And Loyalty To Authorıty: A Research On Entrepreneurs In Idlıb Tensıon Reducatıon Zone
Öz
Leadership includes not only leading/leading under normal/normal conditions, but also showing their ability to direct their followers/subordinates under abnormal conditions. In this context, it is important to be able to put forward the entrepreneurial experience in practice. Likewise, the way in which abilities are associated with authority is another important dimension encountered in leadership. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between loyalty to authority and leadership variables under extraordinary conditions, and the developments in the Idlib region under limited security conditions. The Idlib De-escalation Zone, located in the Syrian operation zone, is a laboratory where, unlike the re-shaping Syrian state, free market economy conditions develop rapidly and freely, and it has dynamics suitable for fulfilling the rights and obligations imposed on states by international law, the level of contribution to the literature is evident.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Leadership Styles Commitment To Authority Entrepreneurship Idlib Tension Reducation Zone Syrian
Kaynakça
- Abraham, Katharine G., Haltiwanger, John C., Sandusky, Kristin, Spletzer, James R. (2018). Measuring the Gig Economy: Current Knowledge and Open Issues, NBER Working Paper No. 24950.
- Ajzen, I. ve Fishbein, M. (1980). “Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior”, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
- Allen, N.J. and Meyer, J.P. (1990) The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 1-18.
- Akıncı, M. (2013). “Ekonomik Özgürlükler ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(2), 55-93.
- Angelika, A., Hattie, J. ve Hamilton, R. J. (2005). “Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation in Different Schools: Is Moderation the Key to Success?”, Educational Psychology, 25(5), 517-535.
- Arendt, H. (2004). Geçmişle Gelecek Arasında: Otorite Nedir? (Çev. B. Sina Şener), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
- Bass, B. M. (1990). “From Transactional to Transformational Laedership: Learning to Share the Vision”, Organizational Dynamics, 18 (3), 19-31.
- Bennis, W. G. (1959). “Leadership Theory and Administrative Behaviour; The Problem of Authority”, (Vol. 4) Ardent Media.
- Bennett, R.J. ve Stamper, C.L. (2001). “Corporate Citizenship And Deviancy: A Study Of Work Behavior”, In C. Galbraith & M. Ryan (Eds.), International research in the business disciplines: Strategies and organizationsin transition, 265–284.
- Bentley, F. S., Jiang, K. (2019). “I’m Better Than This! Managing Overqualified Workers Using the Task Context”, In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2019, No. 1, p. 17876). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
- Biersted, R. (1950). “An Analysis of Social Power”, American Sociological Review, 15 (6), 730-738.
- Cheng, B., Zhou, X., Guo, G. and Yang, K. (2018). “Perceived Overqualification and Cyberloafing: A Moderated-Mediation Model Based on Equity Theory”, Journal of Business Ethics, 164, 565-577.
- Cho, H. (2006). Adder and multiplier design and analysis in quantum-dot cellular automata, The University of Texas at Austin.
- Cleveland L. W. and M. Bunton. (2009). A history of the modern middle east (4. Baskı), Westview Publications, Philadelphia.
- Coleman, J. S. (1988). “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”, The American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-S120.
- Crosby, F. (1984). “Relative Deprivation in Organizational Settings”, Research in Organizational Behavior, 6, 51-93.
- Dehler, G.E., Welsh, M.A. (1998). Problematizing Deviance in Contemporary Organizations: A Critical Perspective. In book: Dysfunctional behavior in organizations: Nonviolent behaviors in organizations, Edition: Part A, Chapter: 9, Publisher: JAI Press, Editors: R.W. Griffin, A. O'Leary-Kelly, J.M. Collins.
- Dienesch, R.M. ve Liden, R.C. (1986). “Leader-Member Exchange Model of Leadership: A Critique and Further Development”, The Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 618-634.
- Drucker, P. F. (1998). “The Coming of the New Organization”, Harvard Business Review on Knowledge Management, Harvard Business School Pres, 1-19.
- Dulebohn, J.H., Bommer, W.H., Liden, R.C., Brouer, R.L. ve Ferris, G.R. (2012). “A Meta Analysis of Antecedents andConsequences of Leader-Member Exchange: Integrating the Past With an Eye Toward the Future”, Journal of Management, 38 (6), 1715-1759.
- Duverger, M. (2007). Siyaset Sosyolojisi, (Çev. Şirin Tekeli) İstanbul: Varlık Yayınları. Fine, S. (2007). “Overqualification and Selection in Leadership Training”, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14(1), 61-68.
- Follett, M. P. (1973). Power. In E. M. Fox & L. Urwick (Eds.), Dynamicadministration: The collected papers of Mary Parker Follett (66-87). London, UK: Pitman.
- Gerstner, C.R. ve Day, D.V. (1997). “Meta-Analytic Review of Leader–Member Exchange Theory: Correlates And Construct Issues”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (6), 827–844.
- Graen, G.B. ve Cashman, J. (1975). A Role-Making Model of Leadership İin Formal Organizations: A Developmental Approach, In J.G. Hunt & L.L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership frontiers (143-166). Kent, OH: Kent State University Press.
- Graen, G., Novak, M. ve Sommerkamp, P. (1982). “The Effects of Leader-Member Exchange And Job Design on Productivity And Job Satisfaction: Testing A Dual Attachment Model”, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 30, 109-131.
- Hartog, D. N., Van Muijen, J. J. ve Koopman, P. L. (1997). “Transactional versus transformational leadership: An analysis of the MLQ”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70(1), 19–34.
- Hayek, M., Novicevic, M. M., Humphreys, J. H. Ve Jones, N. (2010). “Ending the denial of slavery in management history: Paternalistic leadership of Joseph Emory Davis”, Journal of Management History. 16 (3), 367-379.
- House, R.J. (1992). “Charismatic leadership in service-producing organizations”, International Journal of Service Industry Management, 3 (2), 5–16.
- Gillespie, N. A., ve Mann, L. (2004). “Transformational Leadership and Shared Values: The Building Blocks of Trust”. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19 (6), 588–607.
- Jennifer L. Epley (2015). “Weber’s Theory of Charismatic Leadership: The Case of Muslim Leaders in Contemporary Indonesian Politics”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 5 (7), 7-17.
- Karasar, N. (2006). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
- Knights, D. ve McCabe, D. (1999). “Are There No Limits to Authority?: TQM and Organizational Power”, Organization Studies, 20 (2), 197-224.
- Koh, W. L., Steers, R. M., ve Terborg, J. R. (1995). “The effects of transformational leadership on teacher attitudes and student performance in Singapore”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 319-333.
- Kojave, A. (2007). Otorite Kavramı, (Çev. Murat Erşen) İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık.
- Koyuncu, A. A. (2013). Arap baharında Suriye milliyetçilik ve ulus inşası, Ankara: Altınpost Yayıncılık.
- Labich, K. (1988). “The Seven Keys to Business Leadership”, Fortune October 24, U.S.A.36.
- Lesch David W. (2013). “The unknown future of Syria”, Mediterranean Politics, 18(1), 97-103.
- Le Bon G. (2013). Kitleler Psikolojisi, Çev.Hasan İlhan, Alter Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Liden, R. ve Graen, G. (1980). “Generalizability of The Vertical Dyad Linkage Model of Leadership”, Academy of Management Journal, 23, 451-465.
- Liepman, A. M., Nichiporuk, B. ve Killmeyer, J. (2014). “Alternative futures for Syria: Regional implications and challenges for the United States”, Rand National Defense Research Inst, Santa Monica.
- Lukes, S. (2002). İktidar ve Otorite, (Çev. Sabri Tekay), İçinde Bottamare, T. & Nisbet, R. (Der) Sosyolojik Çözümlemenin Tarihi, Ankara: Ayraç Yayınları
- Mendel, G. (2005-a). Bir Otorite Tarihi: Süreklilikler ve Değişiklikler, (Çev. Işık Ergüden) İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
- Mikulincer, M., ve Shaver, P. R. (2005). “Attachment Security, Compassion, and Altruism”, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(1), 34–38
- Patterson, K. (2003). “Servant Leadership: A Theoretical Model”. Proceedings of the Servant Leadership Roundtable. Retrieved January 13, 2009.
- Scandura, T.A. (1999). “Rethinking Leader-Member Exchange An Organizational Justice Perspective”, Leadership Quartely, 10 (1), 25-4.
- Smith, H.J., Pettigrew, T.F., Pippin, G.M.ve Bialosiewicz, S. (2012). “Relative Deprivation: A Theoretical and Meta-Analytic Review”, Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16 (3), 203-232.
- Spears, L. C. (1994). “Servant Leadership: Quest for Caring Leadership”, Inner Quest.
- Thompson, J. D. (1956). “Authority and power in identical organizations”, American Journal of Sociology, 62(3), 290-301.
- Tichy, N.M., ve Devanna, M. (1986). “The Transformational Leader”, Training and Development Journal.
- Tosi, H. L.; Rizzo J. R. ve Carroll S. J. (1990). “Managing Organizational Behavior”, Harper & Row Publishers, Second Edition, USA. Wallace, P. (2004). The Internet in the Workplace: How New Technology Is Transforming Work, Cambridge University Press, New York.
- Wang, Z., Xu, S., Sun, Y. ve Liu, Y. (2019). “Transformational Leadership and Employee Voice: An Affective Perspective”, Frontiers of Business Research in China, 13, 1-14.
- Zhu, W., Chew, I. K. ve Spangler, W. D. (2005). “CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management”, The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.Acar, D. ve Tetik, N. (2013). Genel Muhasebe, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | İşletme |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2 |
"Econder International Academic Journal" Ekonomi ve İşletmenin tüm yönleriyle ilgili bilimsel makaleler yayınlamaya adanmış uluslararası hakemli bir multidisipliner dergidir. Yılda iki kez çevrimiçi olarak sunulan ve yayınlanan dergide, Ekonomi ve İşletmenin tüm alanlarındaki yeni bulgular ve tartışmalar için dünyanın önde gelen platformlarından biri olmayı hedefliyoruz.
