Araştırma Makalesi
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NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 1, 114 - 128, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1018949

Öz

Amaç: Antidiyabetik potansiyeli olan, kilo kontrolünü sağlamaya yönelik ve antioksidan etkili yeni doğal kaynakların keşfi fitoterapi uygulamalarında önemli hedeflerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Nasturtium officinale bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımlarının %80’lik etanol ekstresinin antioksidan, antidiyabetik, antihiperlipidemik ve antiobezite aktiviteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ekstrenin fenolik içeriği ile ilgili kalitatif ve kantitatif analizler spektroskopik ve kromatografik yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ekstrenin antioksidan etkisini belirlemek için DPPH ve ABTS radikal süpürme aktivitesi, metal bağlama, total antioksidan kapasitesi ve indirgeyici gücü incelenmiştir. Ekstrenin antidiyabetik etki potansiyelini değerlendirmek için; α-glukozidaz ve α-amilaz enzimleri, antiobezite etki potansiyeli için pankreatik lipaz enzimi ve lipid metabolizmasındaki etki potansiyeli için pankreatik kolesterol esteraz enzimi kullanılmıştır. Ekstrenin total fenol ve flavonoit içerik analizleri için UV spektroskopisi kullanılırken fenolik bileşiklerinin kalitatif ve kantitatif analizleri için ise Ters Faz-YPSK tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Nasturtium officinale etanol ekstresi DPPH radikal süpürücü aktivite yönteminde 2 mg/ml konsantrasyonunda %81.80±1.14 oranında inhibisyona neden olurken, ekstrenin demir indirgeme gücü 0.896 ± 0.02 olarak belirlenmiştir. Antidiyabetik etki açısından, ekstre en yüksek etkinliği 2 mg/ml konsantrasyonda α-amilaz enzimini %39.11 ± 2.98 oranında inhibe ederek göstermiştir. Ekstrenin (%42.18 ± 5.22) pankreatik lipaz enzimi üzerinde orlistat’a (%65.13 ± 1.24) yakın oranda bir inhibisyon oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ters Faz-YPSK analizi sonucunda klorojenik asit, kafeik asit ve elajik asidin hem kalitatif hem kantitatif analizi yapılmıştır. Ekstrenin en fazla klorojenik asit (0.079 ± 0.000% g/100 g ekstre) içerdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, bitkinin obezite kontrolü için doğal ürün geliştirme çalışmalarına kaynak teşkil edebileceğini ve daha ileriki in vitro ve in vivo çalışmalarla bu etkinin değerlendirilebileceğine işaret ederken, ekstrenin standardizasyonunda klorojenik asitin kullanılabileceği öngörülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Haro, G., Iksen, I., Rumanti, R.M., Marbun, N., Sari, R.P., Gultom, R.P.J. (2018). Evaluation of antioxidant activity and minerals value from watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.). Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 11(1), 232-237. [https://doi.org/10.7324/RJC.2018.1112011]
  • [2] Doğan, M. (2020). Su teresinin (Nasturtium officinale R. BR.) beslenme-diyet potansiyeli ve antioksidan özellikleri: bir derleme. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences, 6(3), 222-233. Retrieved September 26, 2021, from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iaaojh/issue/54331/734392
  • [3] Hadjzadeh, M.A.R., Rajaei, Z., Moradi, R., Ghorbani, A. (2015). Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaves on serum glucose and lipid levels in diabetic rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 59(2), 223-230.
  • [4] Al-Snafi, A.E. (2020). A review on Nasturtium officinale: A potential medicinal plant. IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy, 10(9), 33-43. Retrieved September 26, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344457279_A_review_on_Nasturtium_officinale_A_potential_medicinal_plant
  • [5] Hoseini, H.F., Gohari, A.R., Saeidnia, S., Majd, N.S., Hadjiakhoondi, A. (2009). The effect of Nasturtium officinale on blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Pharmacologyonline, 3, 866-871.
  • [6] Fenton-Navarro, B., Martínez, M.U., Castro, B.F., Castillo, O.M., López-Rodríguez, M., Arellanes, S.P., Hernández, A.V. (2018). Antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) extracts in diabetic rats. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 15(2), 68-79. [https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v15i2.9]
  • [7] Zongo, C., Savadogo, A., Ouattara, L., Bassole, I.H.N., Ouattara, C.A.T., Ouattara, A.S., Barro, N., Koudou, J., Traore, A.S. (2010). Polyphenols content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ampelocissus grantii (Baker) Planch. (Vitaceae): a medicinal plant from Burkina Faso, International Journal of Pharmacology, 6(6), 880-887. [https://doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2010.880.887]
  • [8] Kosalec, I., Bakmaz, M., Pepeljnjak, S., Vladimir-Knezevic, S. (2004). Quantitative analysis of the flavonoids in raw propolis from northern Croatia. Acta Pharmaceutica, 54(1), 65-72.
  • [9] Orhan, N., Deliorman Orhan, D., Gökbulut, A., Aslan, M., Ergun, F. (2017). Comparative analysis of chemical profile, antioxidant, in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activities of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. and Juniperus sabina L. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 16(Special Issue), 64-74.
  • [10] Jung, H.A., Jin, S.E., Choi, R.J., Manh, H.T., Kim, Y.S., Min, B.S., Son, Y.K., Ahn, B.R., Kim, B.W., Sohn, H.S., Choi, J.S. (2011). Anti-tumorigenic activity of sophoflavescenol against lewis lung carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 34(12), 2087-2099. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-011-1212-y]
  • [11] Dinis, T.C.P., Maderia, V.M.C., Almeida, L.M. (1994). Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 315(1), 161-169. [https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1994.1485]
  • [12] Lee, Y.M., Kim, Y.S., Lee, Y., Kim, J., Sun, H., Kim, J.H., Kim, J.S. (2012). Inhibitory activities of pancreatic lipase and phosphodiesterase from Korean medicinal plant extracts. Phytotherapy Research, 26(5), 778-782. [https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3644]
  • [13] Ngamukote, S., Mäkynen, K., Thilawech, T., Adisakwattana, S. (2011). Cholesterol-lowering activity of the major polyphenols in grape seed. Molecules, 16(6), 5054-5061. [https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16065054]
  • [14] Gök, H.N., Deliorman Orhan, D., Gürbüz, İ., Aslan, M. (2020). Activity-guided isolation of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory compounds from Rhus coriaria L. Food Chemistry. 85(10), 3220-3228. [ https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15438]
  • [15] Özen, T. (2009). Investigation of Antioxidant Properties of Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Leaf Extracts. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica-Drug Research. 66(2), 187-193.
  • [16] Bahramikia, S., Yazdanparast, R. (2010). Antioxidant Efficacy of Nasturtium officinale Extracts Using Various In Vitro Assay Systems. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies. 3(4), 283-290. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S2005-2901(10)60049-0]
  • [17] Boligon, A.A., Janovik, V., Boligon, A.A., Pivetta, C.R., Pereira, R.P., Rocha, J.B.T.D., Athayde, M.L. (2013). HPLC Analysis of Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Nasturtium officinale. International Journal of Food Properties. 16(1), 61-69. [https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2010.528111]
  • [18] Zeb, A. (2015). Phenolic profile and antioxidant potential of wild watercress (Nasturtium officinale L.) SpringerPlus. 4(1), 1-7. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-015-1514-5]
  • [19] Zafar, R., Zahoor, M., Shah, A.B., Majid, F. (2017). Determination of antioxidants and antibacterial activities, total phenolic, polyphenol and pigment contents in Nasturtium officinale. Pharmacologyonline, 1, 11-18.
  • [20] Hoseini, H.F., Gohari, A.R., Saeidnia, S., Majd, N.S., Hadjiakhoondi, A. (2009). The effect of Nasturtium officinale on blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Pharmacologyonline, 3, 866-871.
  • [21] Hadjzadeh, M.A.R., Rajaei, Z., Moradi, R., Ghorbani, A. (2015). Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaves on serum glucose and lipid levels in diabetic rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 59(2), 223-230.
  • [22] Fenton-Navarro, B., Martínez, M.U., Castro, B.F., Castillo, O.M., López-Rodríguez, M., Arellanes, S.P., Hernández, A.V. (2018). Antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) extracts in diabetic rats. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 15(2), 68-79.
  • [23] Bahramikia, S., Yazdanparast, R. (2008). Effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Nasturtium officinale leaves on lipid profile in high-fat diet rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 115(1), 116-121.

PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND ENZYME INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 1, 114 - 128, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1018949

Öz

Objective: The discovery of new natural resources with antidiabetic potential, weight control and antioxidant effect is one of the important targets in phytotherapy applications. In this study, the antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antiobesity activities of 80% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Nasturtium officinale were evaluated. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the phenolic content of the extract were performed using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods
Material and Method: In order to determine the antioxidant effect of the extract, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, metal chelating, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power were investigated. To evaluate the antidiabetic effect potential of the extract; α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, pancreatic lipase enzyme for its antiobesity effect potential and pancreatic cholesterol esterase enzyme for its effect potential on lipid metabolism were used. While UV spectroscopy was used for total phenol and flavonoid content analysis of the extract, Reverse Phase-HPLC technique was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds.
Result and Discussion: While Nasturtium officinale ethanol extract caused 81.80 ± 1.14% inhibition at 2 mg/ml concentration in DPPH radical scavenging activity method, the ferric reducing power of the extract was determined as 0.896 ± 0.020. In terms of antidiabetic effect, the extract showed the highest efficiency by inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme at a concentration of 2 mg/ml by 39.11% ± 2.98%. It was determined that the extract (42.18 ± 5.22%) had an inhibition on pancreatic lipase enzyme close to orlistat (65.13 ± 1.24%). As a result of Reverse Phase-HPLC analysis, both qualitative and quantitative analyzes of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ellagic acid were performed. It was determined that the extract contains the most chlorogenic acid (0.079 ± 0.000% g/100g extract). While the findings indicate that the plant can be a source of natural product development studies for obesity control and that this effect can be evaluated with further in vitro and in vivo studies, it is predicted that chlorogenic acid can be used in the standardization of the extract.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Haro, G., Iksen, I., Rumanti, R.M., Marbun, N., Sari, R.P., Gultom, R.P.J. (2018). Evaluation of antioxidant activity and minerals value from watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.). Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 11(1), 232-237. [https://doi.org/10.7324/RJC.2018.1112011]
  • [2] Doğan, M. (2020). Su teresinin (Nasturtium officinale R. BR.) beslenme-diyet potansiyeli ve antioksidan özellikleri: bir derleme. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences, 6(3), 222-233. Retrieved September 26, 2021, from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iaaojh/issue/54331/734392
  • [3] Hadjzadeh, M.A.R., Rajaei, Z., Moradi, R., Ghorbani, A. (2015). Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaves on serum glucose and lipid levels in diabetic rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 59(2), 223-230.
  • [4] Al-Snafi, A.E. (2020). A review on Nasturtium officinale: A potential medicinal plant. IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy, 10(9), 33-43. Retrieved September 26, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344457279_A_review_on_Nasturtium_officinale_A_potential_medicinal_plant
  • [5] Hoseini, H.F., Gohari, A.R., Saeidnia, S., Majd, N.S., Hadjiakhoondi, A. (2009). The effect of Nasturtium officinale on blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Pharmacologyonline, 3, 866-871.
  • [6] Fenton-Navarro, B., Martínez, M.U., Castro, B.F., Castillo, O.M., López-Rodríguez, M., Arellanes, S.P., Hernández, A.V. (2018). Antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) extracts in diabetic rats. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 15(2), 68-79. [https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v15i2.9]
  • [7] Zongo, C., Savadogo, A., Ouattara, L., Bassole, I.H.N., Ouattara, C.A.T., Ouattara, A.S., Barro, N., Koudou, J., Traore, A.S. (2010). Polyphenols content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ampelocissus grantii (Baker) Planch. (Vitaceae): a medicinal plant from Burkina Faso, International Journal of Pharmacology, 6(6), 880-887. [https://doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2010.880.887]
  • [8] Kosalec, I., Bakmaz, M., Pepeljnjak, S., Vladimir-Knezevic, S. (2004). Quantitative analysis of the flavonoids in raw propolis from northern Croatia. Acta Pharmaceutica, 54(1), 65-72.
  • [9] Orhan, N., Deliorman Orhan, D., Gökbulut, A., Aslan, M., Ergun, F. (2017). Comparative analysis of chemical profile, antioxidant, in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activities of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. and Juniperus sabina L. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 16(Special Issue), 64-74.
  • [10] Jung, H.A., Jin, S.E., Choi, R.J., Manh, H.T., Kim, Y.S., Min, B.S., Son, Y.K., Ahn, B.R., Kim, B.W., Sohn, H.S., Choi, J.S. (2011). Anti-tumorigenic activity of sophoflavescenol against lewis lung carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 34(12), 2087-2099. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-011-1212-y]
  • [11] Dinis, T.C.P., Maderia, V.M.C., Almeida, L.M. (1994). Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 315(1), 161-169. [https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1994.1485]
  • [12] Lee, Y.M., Kim, Y.S., Lee, Y., Kim, J., Sun, H., Kim, J.H., Kim, J.S. (2012). Inhibitory activities of pancreatic lipase and phosphodiesterase from Korean medicinal plant extracts. Phytotherapy Research, 26(5), 778-782. [https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3644]
  • [13] Ngamukote, S., Mäkynen, K., Thilawech, T., Adisakwattana, S. (2011). Cholesterol-lowering activity of the major polyphenols in grape seed. Molecules, 16(6), 5054-5061. [https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16065054]
  • [14] Gök, H.N., Deliorman Orhan, D., Gürbüz, İ., Aslan, M. (2020). Activity-guided isolation of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory compounds from Rhus coriaria L. Food Chemistry. 85(10), 3220-3228. [ https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15438]
  • [15] Özen, T. (2009). Investigation of Antioxidant Properties of Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Leaf Extracts. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica-Drug Research. 66(2), 187-193.
  • [16] Bahramikia, S., Yazdanparast, R. (2010). Antioxidant Efficacy of Nasturtium officinale Extracts Using Various In Vitro Assay Systems. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies. 3(4), 283-290. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S2005-2901(10)60049-0]
  • [17] Boligon, A.A., Janovik, V., Boligon, A.A., Pivetta, C.R., Pereira, R.P., Rocha, J.B.T.D., Athayde, M.L. (2013). HPLC Analysis of Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Nasturtium officinale. International Journal of Food Properties. 16(1), 61-69. [https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2010.528111]
  • [18] Zeb, A. (2015). Phenolic profile and antioxidant potential of wild watercress (Nasturtium officinale L.) SpringerPlus. 4(1), 1-7. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-015-1514-5]
  • [19] Zafar, R., Zahoor, M., Shah, A.B., Majid, F. (2017). Determination of antioxidants and antibacterial activities, total phenolic, polyphenol and pigment contents in Nasturtium officinale. Pharmacologyonline, 1, 11-18.
  • [20] Hoseini, H.F., Gohari, A.R., Saeidnia, S., Majd, N.S., Hadjiakhoondi, A. (2009). The effect of Nasturtium officinale on blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Pharmacologyonline, 3, 866-871.
  • [21] Hadjzadeh, M.A.R., Rajaei, Z., Moradi, R., Ghorbani, A. (2015). Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaves on serum glucose and lipid levels in diabetic rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 59(2), 223-230.
  • [22] Fenton-Navarro, B., Martínez, M.U., Castro, B.F., Castillo, O.M., López-Rodríguez, M., Arellanes, S.P., Hernández, A.V. (2018). Antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) extracts in diabetic rats. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 15(2), 68-79.
  • [23] Bahramikia, S., Yazdanparast, R. (2008). Effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Nasturtium officinale leaves on lipid profile in high-fat diet rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 115(1), 116-121.
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eczacılık ve İlaç Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Murat Zor 0000-0001-6014-2930

Sultan Pekacar 0000-0002-7782-9832

Didem Deliorman Orhan 0000-0003-3916-4048

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ocak 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Kasım 2021
Kabul Tarihi 15 Kasım 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 46 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Zor, M., Pekacar, S., & Deliorman Orhan, D. (2022). NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, 46(1), 114-128. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1018949
AMA Zor M, Pekacar S, Deliorman Orhan D. NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. Ocak 2022;46(1):114-128. doi:10.33483/jfpau.1018949
Chicago Zor, Murat, Sultan Pekacar, ve Didem Deliorman Orhan. “NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 46, sy. 1 (Ocak 2022): 114-28. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1018949.
EndNote Zor M, Pekacar S, Deliorman Orhan D (01 Ocak 2022) NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 46 1 114–128.
IEEE M. Zor, S. Pekacar, ve D. Deliorman Orhan, “NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ”, Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg., c. 46, sy. 1, ss. 114–128, 2022, doi: 10.33483/jfpau.1018949.
ISNAD Zor, Murat vd. “NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 46/1 (Ocak 2022), 114-128. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1018949.
JAMA Zor M, Pekacar S, Deliorman Orhan D. NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 2022;46:114–128.
MLA Zor, Murat vd. “NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, c. 46, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 114-28, doi:10.33483/jfpau.1018949.
Vancouver Zor M, Pekacar S, Deliorman Orhan D. NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE’NİN FİTOKİMYASAL İÇERİĞİ, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 2022;46(1):114-28.

Kapsam ve Amaç

Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, açık erişim, hakemli bir dergi olup Türkçe veya İngilizce olarak farmasötik bilimler alanındaki önemli gelişmeleri içeren orijinal araştırmalar, derlemeler ve kısa bildiriler için uluslararası bir yayım ortamıdır. Bilimsel toplantılarda sunulan bildiriler supleman özel sayısı olarak dergide yayımlanabilir. Ayrıca, tüm farmasötik alandaki gelecek ve önceki ulusal ve uluslararası bilimsel toplantılar ile sosyal aktiviteleri içerir.