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Analysis of Inter-Organizational Communication and Leadership Styles in Chinese Companies from Sociocultural Perspective

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 68 - 89, 06.01.2020

Öz

Along
with thousands of years of civilization, the People's Republic of China
attracts the attention of researchers in the developments of the economic at
recent years. As driving force of the economy, firms are the center of these
researches and analysis. The Chinese businesses management are a reflection of
the social culture of Chinese society which researchers know little about it.
Some research has been done on how the cultural factors and the dimensions of
organizational culture have changed. However, this conceptual study focus on
the main ideologies that may affect Chinese enterprises and the factors of organizational
dimensions which intended to significantly contribution to the literature. In
this study, Confucius and Mao Zedong ideologies, which are the two main ideologies
affecting Chinese enterprises, are discussed and the effects of these ideologies
on inter-organizational communication and leadership are evaluated. It can be
clear that in terms of leader styles, Confucian thought has a higher effect
with a more ethical and paternal leadership style. However, Mao Zedong thought
dominated the inter-organizational communication with the concept of the
internal and external groups at Chinese companies.

Kaynakça

  • Aşkun, İ. C. (1989). “Yönetim-Örgüt Alanında İletişim Kavramının Boyutları”, Anadolu Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, 7(1), 23–48.
  • Başaran, B. (2004). Örgüt İçi İletişim ve Yönetime Katılma İlişkisinin Genel Memnuniyet Üzerine Etkisi: Sektörel Bir Uygulama. Ankara Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
  • Bi, L., Ehrich, J., Ehrich, L. C. (2012). Confucius as Transformational Leader: Lessons for ESL Leadership. International Journal of Educational Management, 26(4), 391-402.
  • Blanchard, F. J. (2015). The People’s Republic of China Leadership Transition and its External Relations: Still Searching for Definitive Answers. Journal of Chinese Political Science, 20(1), 1-16.
  • Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K., Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A Social Learning Perspective for Construct Development and Testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117–134.
  • Canchu, L.(2003). Mao Zedong Thought and Organizational Communication Practices in China. Purdue University, Doctoral Dissertation, Ann Arbor.
  • Chen, H. (2011). Work Ethic and Workplace Behavior: Essays on Direct and Moderated Relationships Across National Cultures. Doctoral Thesis, The University of Texas at Dallas.
  • Dietz, M. C., Orr, G., Xing, J. (2008). How Chinese Companies Can Succeed Abroad. McKinsey on Finance, Vol.28.
  • Douglas, D. (2017). Mao Zedong and Xi Jinping: A Trait Analysis. Wright State University. Master Thesis.
  • Fernandez, J. A. (2004). The Gentleman’s Code of Confucius:Leadership by Values. Organizational Dynamics, 33(1) , 21–31.
  • Foo, C. T., Fang, F. (2016). Re-integrating Values, Mind of Mao and Selected Papers: 1040 Years Old Yuelu Academy. Hunan University and Shaoshan. Chinese Management Studies, 10(3), 406-416.
  • Guercini, S., Milanesi, M., Ottati, G. D. (2017). Paths of Evolution for The Chinese Migrant Entrepreneurship: A Multiple Case Analysis in Italy. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 15, 266–294.
  • Grada, C. O. (2008). The Ripple That Drowns? Twentieth- Century Famines in China and India asEconomic History. Economic History Review, 61, 5–37.
  • Hall, D., & Ames, R. (1987). Thinking Through Confucius. State University of New York Press, Albany. http://www.sunypress.edu/p-840-thinking-through-confucius.aspx adresinden 18/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Heilbrunn, J. (2007). Mao More Than Ever. The New Republic. April, 20-24.
  • Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1).
  • Hofstede, G., Bond, M. H. (1988). The Confucius Connection: From Cultural Roots to Economic Growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16, 5-21.
  • Jacobs, M. A., Yu, W., Chavez, R. (2016).The Effect of Internal Communication and Employee Satisfaction on Supply Chain Integration, International Journal of Production Economics, 171 (1), 60-70.
  • Jenner, M. H. (2012). The Governance and Performance of Chinese Companies Listed Abroad: An Analysis of China’s Merits Review Approacj to Averseas Listings. Journal of Corporate Law Studies, 12(2), 333-365.
  • Karaçor, S., Şahin, A. (2004). Örgütsel İletişim Kurma Yöntemleri ve Karşılaşılan İletişim Engellerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma, SÜ İİBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 97-107.
  • Li, S., Yeh, K. S. (2007). Mao’s Pervasive Influence on Chinese CEOs. Harvard Business Review. December, 16-17.
  • Lin, C. (2003). Mao Zedong Thought and Organizational Communication Practice in China. Purdue University, Doctoral Thesis, West Lafayette.
  • Lin, C., Clair, R. P. (2007). Measuring Mao Zedong Thought and Interpreting Organizational Communication in China. Management Communication Quarterly, 20(4), 395–429.
  • Liu, J. , Kwan, H. K., Fu, P. P., Mao, Y. (2013). Ethical Leadership and Job Performance in China: The roles of Workplace Friendships and Traditionality. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86, 564-584.
  • Mao, Y. (2010). Does Culture Matter?Relating Intercultural Communication Sensitivity to Conflict Management Styles, Technology Use, and Organizational Communication Satisfaction in Multinationals in China. Doctoral Dissertaion, Ohio University.
  • Min, X., Meimei, Y., Fanghui, J., Jiajun, W. (2011). An Comparative Study On The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Paternalistic Leadership on Private Firm's Organizational Performance. International Conference on E-Business and E-Government, Shanghai, 1-7.
  • OECD (2016), China (People's Republic of) in Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs 2016: An OECD Scoreboard, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2016-12-en. adresinden 16/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Public Information Services. (2016). http://www.fdi.gov.cn/1800000121_49_4473_0_7.html adresinden 02/02/2019 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Radchenko, S. (2016). Mixed Fortunes: An Economic History of China, Russia, and the West. By Vladimir Popov. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Business History Review, 90(3), 560-563.
  • Rarick, C. A., Gallagher, C.A. (2000). Confucius:The Forgotten Management Theorist. The Journal of Business Perspective. July-December, 1-4.
  • Sangani, P. (2013). Confucius' Theories on Leadership as Relevant Today as They Were 2500 Years Ago: John Adair. Economic Times.
  • Shen, Z., Xia, Y. (2014). Leadership Transfer in The Asian Revolution: Mao Zedong and The Asian Cominform. Cold War History, 14(2) 195-213.
  • Strom, Z. (2018). A Silk Road for Capital: Trade Policy and Foreign Investment Laws for China's Neighbors,. Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business, 38, 475-497.
  • Tilley, E.N., Fredricks, S. M., Hornett, A. (2012). Kindship, Culture and Ethics in Organisations: Exploring Implications for Internal Communication. Journal of Communication Management, 16(2), 162-184.
  • Trading Economics, https://tradingeconomics.com/china/exports adresinden 12/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Tsai, H.T., Wu, T. J., Yeh, S. P. (2013). A Study of Chinese Guanxi Type in Family Business from the Perspective of Power-Based and Leadership Behaviours. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences , 16(5), 102-114.
  • Yu, H. Y. (2010). A Research on Relationship Between the Chinese People's Armed Force Leadership Behavior and Organizational Communication Satisfaction. Master Dissertation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Ann Arbor.
  • Wah, S. S. (2010). Confucianism and Chinese Leadership, Chinese Management Studies, 4(3), 280-285.
  • Wang, J. (2008). Leveraging Chinese Culture for Effective Organizational Leadership: The China Case. Academy of Human Resource Development International Research Conference, Panama.
  • Wasserstro, J.N. (2015). 21. Yüzyılda Çin: Çin Hakkında Bilmek İstediğiniz Her Şey. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Zecha, C.M., Ngai, J., Sneader, K. (2016). China’s One Belt, One Road: Will it Reshape Global Trade?. McKinsey&Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/china/chinas-one-belt-one-road-will-it-reshape-global-trade adresinden 19/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Zhang, H., Cone, M. H., Everett, A. M., Elkin, G. (2011). Aesthetic Leadership in Chinese Business: A Philosophical Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 101, 475–491.

Çinli İşletmelerde Örgüt İçi İletişim ve Liderlik Tarzlarının Toplumsal Kültür Bakış Açısından İncelenmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 68 - 89, 06.01.2020

Öz

Binlerce yıllık medeniyet birikimi olan Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti ekonomik alanda son yıllarda yaşanan gelişmeler ile birlikte araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmektedir. Ekonominin itici gücü olan işletmeler bu araştırma ve incelemelerin temelinde bulunmaktadır. Üzerinde çok fazla konuşulan ancak bir o kadar da az bilgiye sahip olunan Çinli işletmeler, toplumsal kültürün bir yansımasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda daha önce belirli kültürel faktörler ile örgüt kültürüne ilişkin boyutların nasıl değiştiği hususunda bazı çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bununla birlikte Çinli işletmeleri etkileyebilecek ana düşünce akımları ile bu akımların incelenebileceği birden çok örgütsel boyutun ele alındığı bu kavramsal çalışmanın özgünlüğü ile literatüre önemli katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Çinli işletmeleri etkileyen iki temel düşünce akımı olan Konfüçyüs ve Mao Zedong akımları ele alınmış olup bu düşünce akımlarının örgüt içi iletişim ve liderlik konusunda işletmeleri ne kadar etkilediği değerlendirilmiştir. Lider tarzları açısından daha etik ve babacan bir liderlik tarzı ile Konfüçyüs düşüncesinin etkisinin daha yüksek olduğu söylenebilir. Bununla beraber örgüt içi iletişim konusunda iç ve dış grup ayrımı nedeniyle Mao Zedong düşüncesinin baskın olduğu göze çarpmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aşkun, İ. C. (1989). “Yönetim-Örgüt Alanında İletişim Kavramının Boyutları”, Anadolu Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi, 7(1), 23–48.
  • Başaran, B. (2004). Örgüt İçi İletişim ve Yönetime Katılma İlişkisinin Genel Memnuniyet Üzerine Etkisi: Sektörel Bir Uygulama. Ankara Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
  • Bi, L., Ehrich, J., Ehrich, L. C. (2012). Confucius as Transformational Leader: Lessons for ESL Leadership. International Journal of Educational Management, 26(4), 391-402.
  • Blanchard, F. J. (2015). The People’s Republic of China Leadership Transition and its External Relations: Still Searching for Definitive Answers. Journal of Chinese Political Science, 20(1), 1-16.
  • Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K., Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A Social Learning Perspective for Construct Development and Testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117–134.
  • Canchu, L.(2003). Mao Zedong Thought and Organizational Communication Practices in China. Purdue University, Doctoral Dissertation, Ann Arbor.
  • Chen, H. (2011). Work Ethic and Workplace Behavior: Essays on Direct and Moderated Relationships Across National Cultures. Doctoral Thesis, The University of Texas at Dallas.
  • Dietz, M. C., Orr, G., Xing, J. (2008). How Chinese Companies Can Succeed Abroad. McKinsey on Finance, Vol.28.
  • Douglas, D. (2017). Mao Zedong and Xi Jinping: A Trait Analysis. Wright State University. Master Thesis.
  • Fernandez, J. A. (2004). The Gentleman’s Code of Confucius:Leadership by Values. Organizational Dynamics, 33(1) , 21–31.
  • Foo, C. T., Fang, F. (2016). Re-integrating Values, Mind of Mao and Selected Papers: 1040 Years Old Yuelu Academy. Hunan University and Shaoshan. Chinese Management Studies, 10(3), 406-416.
  • Guercini, S., Milanesi, M., Ottati, G. D. (2017). Paths of Evolution for The Chinese Migrant Entrepreneurship: A Multiple Case Analysis in Italy. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 15, 266–294.
  • Grada, C. O. (2008). The Ripple That Drowns? Twentieth- Century Famines in China and India asEconomic History. Economic History Review, 61, 5–37.
  • Hall, D., & Ames, R. (1987). Thinking Through Confucius. State University of New York Press, Albany. http://www.sunypress.edu/p-840-thinking-through-confucius.aspx adresinden 18/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Heilbrunn, J. (2007). Mao More Than Ever. The New Republic. April, 20-24.
  • Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1).
  • Hofstede, G., Bond, M. H. (1988). The Confucius Connection: From Cultural Roots to Economic Growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16, 5-21.
  • Jacobs, M. A., Yu, W., Chavez, R. (2016).The Effect of Internal Communication and Employee Satisfaction on Supply Chain Integration, International Journal of Production Economics, 171 (1), 60-70.
  • Jenner, M. H. (2012). The Governance and Performance of Chinese Companies Listed Abroad: An Analysis of China’s Merits Review Approacj to Averseas Listings. Journal of Corporate Law Studies, 12(2), 333-365.
  • Karaçor, S., Şahin, A. (2004). Örgütsel İletişim Kurma Yöntemleri ve Karşılaşılan İletişim Engellerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma, SÜ İİBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 97-107.
  • Li, S., Yeh, K. S. (2007). Mao’s Pervasive Influence on Chinese CEOs. Harvard Business Review. December, 16-17.
  • Lin, C. (2003). Mao Zedong Thought and Organizational Communication Practice in China. Purdue University, Doctoral Thesis, West Lafayette.
  • Lin, C., Clair, R. P. (2007). Measuring Mao Zedong Thought and Interpreting Organizational Communication in China. Management Communication Quarterly, 20(4), 395–429.
  • Liu, J. , Kwan, H. K., Fu, P. P., Mao, Y. (2013). Ethical Leadership and Job Performance in China: The roles of Workplace Friendships and Traditionality. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86, 564-584.
  • Mao, Y. (2010). Does Culture Matter?Relating Intercultural Communication Sensitivity to Conflict Management Styles, Technology Use, and Organizational Communication Satisfaction in Multinationals in China. Doctoral Dissertaion, Ohio University.
  • Min, X., Meimei, Y., Fanghui, J., Jiajun, W. (2011). An Comparative Study On The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Paternalistic Leadership on Private Firm's Organizational Performance. International Conference on E-Business and E-Government, Shanghai, 1-7.
  • OECD (2016), China (People's Republic of) in Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs 2016: An OECD Scoreboard, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2016-12-en. adresinden 16/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Public Information Services. (2016). http://www.fdi.gov.cn/1800000121_49_4473_0_7.html adresinden 02/02/2019 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Radchenko, S. (2016). Mixed Fortunes: An Economic History of China, Russia, and the West. By Vladimir Popov. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Business History Review, 90(3), 560-563.
  • Rarick, C. A., Gallagher, C.A. (2000). Confucius:The Forgotten Management Theorist. The Journal of Business Perspective. July-December, 1-4.
  • Sangani, P. (2013). Confucius' Theories on Leadership as Relevant Today as They Were 2500 Years Ago: John Adair. Economic Times.
  • Shen, Z., Xia, Y. (2014). Leadership Transfer in The Asian Revolution: Mao Zedong and The Asian Cominform. Cold War History, 14(2) 195-213.
  • Strom, Z. (2018). A Silk Road for Capital: Trade Policy and Foreign Investment Laws for China's Neighbors,. Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business, 38, 475-497.
  • Tilley, E.N., Fredricks, S. M., Hornett, A. (2012). Kindship, Culture and Ethics in Organisations: Exploring Implications for Internal Communication. Journal of Communication Management, 16(2), 162-184.
  • Trading Economics, https://tradingeconomics.com/china/exports adresinden 12/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Tsai, H.T., Wu, T. J., Yeh, S. P. (2013). A Study of Chinese Guanxi Type in Family Business from the Perspective of Power-Based and Leadership Behaviours. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences , 16(5), 102-114.
  • Yu, H. Y. (2010). A Research on Relationship Between the Chinese People's Armed Force Leadership Behavior and Organizational Communication Satisfaction. Master Dissertation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Ann Arbor.
  • Wah, S. S. (2010). Confucianism and Chinese Leadership, Chinese Management Studies, 4(3), 280-285.
  • Wang, J. (2008). Leveraging Chinese Culture for Effective Organizational Leadership: The China Case. Academy of Human Resource Development International Research Conference, Panama.
  • Wasserstro, J.N. (2015). 21. Yüzyılda Çin: Çin Hakkında Bilmek İstediğiniz Her Şey. İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Zecha, C.M., Ngai, J., Sneader, K. (2016). China’s One Belt, One Road: Will it Reshape Global Trade?. McKinsey&Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/china/chinas-one-belt-one-road-will-it-reshape-global-trade adresinden 19/11/2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Zhang, H., Cone, M. H., Everett, A. M., Elkin, G. (2011). Aesthetic Leadership in Chinese Business: A Philosophical Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 101, 475–491.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikolojide Davranış-Kişilik Değerlendirmesi
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Fetullah Evliyaoğlu 0000-0002-7455-7704

Yayımlanma Tarihi 6 Ocak 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ağustos 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Evliyaoğlu, F. (2020). Çinli İşletmelerde Örgüt İçi İletişim ve Liderlik Tarzlarının Toplumsal Kültür Bakış Açısından İncelenmesi. Journal of Organizational Behavior Review, 2(1), 68-89.