Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 72 - 96, 15.06.2021

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ali, S. Harris ve Keil, Roger (2008), Networked Disease: Emerging Infections in the Global City, Wiley‐Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Anthopoulos, Leonidas G. (2017), Understanding Smart Cities: A Tool for Smart Government or an Industrial Trick?, Springer, e-book, Switzerland.
  • AR COVID-19 Glasses Allow You to "See" the Temperature of Those around You, https://interestingengineering.com/ar-covid-19-glasses-allow-you-to-see-the-temperature-of-those-around-you?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=article&utm_content=03052020 , 05.05.2020.
  • Autonomous vehicles could help us weather the coronavirus, https://techwireasia.com/2020/02/autonomous-vehicles-could-help-us-weather-the-coronavirus/ , 02.04.2020.
  • California approves Nuro's driverless vehicles to begin testing, https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/nuro-california-approval-test-fully-driverless-delivery-vehicles/575786/ , 11.04.2020.
  • China introduces novel coronavirus close contact detection app, http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-02/10/c_138770415.htm , 16.02.2020.
  • China is using mass surveillance tech to fight new coronavirus spread, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532703-600-china-is-using-mass-surveillance-tech-to-fight-new-coronavirus-spread/, 24.03.2020.
  • China Xinhua News, https://twitter.com/XHNews/status/1221782244525858819 , 27.03.2020.
  • Cohen, Boyd (2012). ‘The Smart City Wheel’, https://www.smart-circle.org/smartcity/blog/boyd-cohen-the-smart-city-wheel/ , 04.01.2020.
  • Collin, Mariana Nascimento, Diana Lopez Caramazana ve Jean François Habeau (2016), “The Impact of Smart Technologies in the Municipal Budget: Increased Revenue and Reduced Expenses for Better Services”, Uraía Workshop, Lefkoşa.
  • Coronavirus mobile apps are surging in popularity in South Korea, https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/28/tech/korea-coronavirus-tracking-apps/index.html , 06.05.2020.
  • Coronavirus: How Artificial Intelligence, Data Science And Technology Is Used To Fight The Pandemic, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2020/03/13/coronavirus-how-artificial-intelligence-data-science-and-technology-is-used-to-fight-the-pandemic/#7e603e155f5f , 21.03.2020.
  • Coronavirus: Out for a run? PUB's robots will remind you to keep your distance, https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/coronavirus-out-for-a-run-pubs-robots-will-remind-you-to-keep-your-distance , 04.05.2020.
  • Coronavirus care at one hospital got totally taken over by robots, https://www.cnet.com/news/coronavirus-care-at-one-hospital-got-taken-over-by-robots/, 29.03.2020.
  • Cretu, Gabriel Liviu (2012), “Smart Cities Design Using Event-Driven Paradigm and Semantic Web”, Informatica Economica, Cilt: 16, Sayı: 4, s.57–67.
  • Despite setbacks, coronavirus could hasten the adoption of autonomous vehicles and delivery robots ,https://venturebeat.com/2020/03/20/despite-setbacks-coronavirus-could-hasten-the-adoption-of-autonomous-vehicles-and-delivery-robots/ , 04.04.2020.
  • Doran, George T. (1981), “There's a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management's goals and objectives”, Management Review (AMA FORUM), Cilt: 11, Sayı: 70, s.35–36.
  • Drone-to-door medicines trial takes flight in Ireland, https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52206660 , 02.05.2020.
  • Elvan, Lütfü (2017), “Akıllı Şehirler: Lüks Değil İhtiyaç”, İTÜ Vakfı Dergisi, Sayı: 77, s.6-9.
  • Frequently Asked Questions on COVID-19, https://www.ica.gov.sg/docs/default-source/ica/publications/faqs-on-new-border-control-measures.pdf , 25.03.2020.
  • Giffinger, Rudolf vd (2007), Smart Cities Ranking Of European Medium-Sized Cities, Vienna University of Technology Research Report. Global Times, https://twitter.com/globaltimesnews/status/1223218977570078721 18.02.2020.
  • Global Times, https://twitter.com/globaltimesnews/status/1234757724518285314 , 25.03.2020.
  • Harrison, Colin vd (2010), “Foundations for Smarter Cities”, BM Journal of Research and Development, Cilt: 54, Sayı: 4, s.1-16.
  • Herzberg, Caspar (2017), Akıllı Şehirler Dijital Ülkeler (Çev. Nadir Özata), İnfoloji-Optimist Yayın Dağıtım, İstanbul.
  • https://www.unfpa.org/data/world-population-dashboard , 24.03.2020.
  • How South Korea’s smart city startups curbed the spread of COVID-19, https://e27.co/how-south-koreas-smart-city-startups-curbed-the-spread-of-covid-19-20200323/ , 01.04.2020.
  • How Smart Technology Can Help US to Tackle the Corona Virus, http://www.smartesthome.com.au/article/how-smart-technology-can-help-us-to-tackle-the-corona-virus, 22.03.2020.
  • How to use smart city technology to measure social distancing, https://techxplore.com/news/2020-04-smart-city-technology-social-distancing.html , 12.04.2020.
  • http://www.seoul.go.kr/coronaV/coronaStatus.do , 07.05.2020.
  • İZKA. (2013). Bilgi Toplumu-temelli Kalkınma Stratejisi, İzmir, https://www.izka.org.tr/docs/stratejianaliz/06_izmir_bilgi_toplumu_temelli_kalkinma_stratejisi.pdf , 18.08.2019.
  • Kayapınar, Y. Erdal (2017), “Akıllı Şehirler ve Uygulama Örnekleri”, İTÜ Vakfı Dergisi, Sayı: 77, s.15-19.
  • Leonhard, Gerd (2018), Teknolojiye Karşı İnsanlık, Siyah Kitap, İstanbul.
  • NTV, 2 Bin Sağlık Çalışanı Akıllı Yüzük Takacak, https://www.ntv.com.tr/teknoloji/2-bin-saglik-calisani-akilli-yuzuk-takacak,hCMTS4FFuEmdOyrjE98Rtw, 29.03.2020.
  • Orange Barrel Media, IKE Smart City offer free digital advertising during coronavirus pandemic, https://www.kioskmarketplace.com/news/orange-barrel-media-ike-smart-city-offer-free-digital-advertising-during-coronavirus-pandemic/ , 02.04.2020.
  • Outpacing an outbreak: How tech helps cities handle public health threats, https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/outpacing-an-outbreak-how-tech-helps-cities-handle-public-health-threats/572372/ , 25.03.2020.
  • Qiu, Wugi vd (2018), “The impacts on health, society, and economy of sars and h7n9 outbreaks in china: A case comparison study”. J. Environ. Public Health, s.1-8.
  • Sewer-sniffing IoT could provide early warning for COVID-19 outbreaks, https://cities-today.com/sewer-sniffing-iot-could-provide-early-warning-for-covid-19-outbreaks/ , 08.07.2020.
  • Smart Cities Council. (2015), Smart Cities Readiness Guide.
  • Smart City Council, COVİD-19 Mitigation Roadmap, https://smartcitiescouncil.com/ , 30.03.2020.
  • Smart Cities Council releases COVID-19 mitigation tool, https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/smart-cities-council-covid-19-mitigation-tool-activator/574463/ , 23.03.2020.
  • Smart devices help HK fight against new coronavirus, https://futureiot.tech/smart-devices-help-hk-fight-against-new-coronavirus/ , 05.03.2020.
  • Supervised self-driving shuttles are moving COVID-19 tests in Florida, https://www.theverge.com/2020/4/6/21209964/self-driving-shuttles-covid-19-tests-florida-beep-jacksonville-navya , 07.04.2020.
  • Türkiye Sağlıklı Kentler Birliği (2019), “Akıllı Kentler”, Kentli Dergisi, Sayı: 31, s.46-49.
  • UNDP (2020), What Singapore can teach about an effective coronavirus response, https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/blog/2020/what-singapore-can-teach-about-an-effective-coronavirus-response.html, 25.03.2020.
  • United Nations (2019), World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, New York.
  • Velibeyoğlu, Koray (2019), “Akıllı Kentler: Vaatler ve Ötesi”, Yenilikçi Sürdürülebilir Gelişme Stratejileri Bağlamında Türkiye Ekonomisinin Geleceğine Yönelik Çözüm Arayışları (Ed. S. Şanlısoy), İlkim Ofset, İzmir.
  • Vermesan, Ovidiu ve Friess, Peter (2014), Internet of Things—From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment; River Publishers: Gistrup, Denmark.
  • Vuzix Blade and M400 Augmented Reality Glasses to Fight the Coronavirus Pandemic, https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2020/03/vuzix-blade-and-m400-augmented-reality-glasses-to-fight-the-coronavirus-pandemic/, 01.04.2020.
  • What America can learn from China’s use of robots and telemedicine to combat the coronavirus, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/18/how-china-is-using-robots-and-telemedicine-to-combat-the-coronavirus.html, 29.03.2020.

COVİD-19 İLE MÜCADELEDE DÜNYADA AKILLI KENT UYGULAMALARINA İLİŞKİN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 72 - 96, 15.06.2021

Öz

2019 yılının Aralık ayında Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVİD-19) insanlık tarihinin karşı karşıya kaldığı en büyük salgın hastalıklardan biridir. Hastalığın insandan insana büyük ölçüde yakın temas yolu ile geçmesi, insan etkileşiminin yüksek olduğu kentsel alanlarda özellikle de büyük kentlerde yayılımını hızlandırmıştır. Nitekim 30 Ocak 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından acil durum ilân edilirken, 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde küresel salgın yani pandemi ilân edilmiştir. Küreselleşmenin zaman-mekân kavramlarını aşındırdığı günümüzde, malların ve insanların (burada insanların hareketliliği daha önemli) sınır tanımaksızın yer değiştirmesi, hastalığın birkaç ay içerisinde dünyanın pek çok farklı kentinde, devletinde, kıtasında yayılmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Nihayetinde kentler, görmeye alışık olmadığımız şekilde hayalet kentlere dönüşmüş, ekonomik ve sosyal aktiviteler asgari düzeye inmiştir. Sürdürülebilir kent yaklaşımlarından biri olan ‘akıllı kentler’, kentlerin günümüzde daha karmaşık hale gelmeleri noktasında yönetimlerini kolaylaştırmak amacıyla ortaya atılmıştır. Bu çalışmada; COVİD-19 ile daha etkin mücadele kapsamında dünyanın farklı ülkelerinde gerçekleştirilmiş olan akıllı kent uygulamaları ele alınacaktır. Çalışmanın amacı; daha sürdürülebilir bir kentsel yaşam vaadiyle ortaya atılan akıllı kent uygulamalarının olağanüstü bir salgın karşısında kentsel yaşamı nasıl kolaylaştırdığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada; ‘Akıllı kent uygulamaları COVİD-19 ile mücadelede nasıl kullanılmaktadır?’ araştırma sorusunun cevabı aranacaktır. Araştırma sorusunun yanıtlanabilmesi için yerli ve yabancı literatürden yararlanılmış ve özellikle pandemi dönemi ve sonrasında kullanılan akıllı kent uygulama örnekleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Uygulama örnekleri aynı zamanda salgınla geç tanışan Türkiye için de bir yol gösterici olmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Ali, S. Harris ve Keil, Roger (2008), Networked Disease: Emerging Infections in the Global City, Wiley‐Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Anthopoulos, Leonidas G. (2017), Understanding Smart Cities: A Tool for Smart Government or an Industrial Trick?, Springer, e-book, Switzerland.
  • AR COVID-19 Glasses Allow You to "See" the Temperature of Those around You, https://interestingengineering.com/ar-covid-19-glasses-allow-you-to-see-the-temperature-of-those-around-you?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=article&utm_content=03052020 , 05.05.2020.
  • Autonomous vehicles could help us weather the coronavirus, https://techwireasia.com/2020/02/autonomous-vehicles-could-help-us-weather-the-coronavirus/ , 02.04.2020.
  • California approves Nuro's driverless vehicles to begin testing, https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/nuro-california-approval-test-fully-driverless-delivery-vehicles/575786/ , 11.04.2020.
  • China introduces novel coronavirus close contact detection app, http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-02/10/c_138770415.htm , 16.02.2020.
  • China is using mass surveillance tech to fight new coronavirus spread, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532703-600-china-is-using-mass-surveillance-tech-to-fight-new-coronavirus-spread/, 24.03.2020.
  • China Xinhua News, https://twitter.com/XHNews/status/1221782244525858819 , 27.03.2020.
  • Cohen, Boyd (2012). ‘The Smart City Wheel’, https://www.smart-circle.org/smartcity/blog/boyd-cohen-the-smart-city-wheel/ , 04.01.2020.
  • Collin, Mariana Nascimento, Diana Lopez Caramazana ve Jean François Habeau (2016), “The Impact of Smart Technologies in the Municipal Budget: Increased Revenue and Reduced Expenses for Better Services”, Uraía Workshop, Lefkoşa.
  • Coronavirus mobile apps are surging in popularity in South Korea, https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/28/tech/korea-coronavirus-tracking-apps/index.html , 06.05.2020.
  • Coronavirus: How Artificial Intelligence, Data Science And Technology Is Used To Fight The Pandemic, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2020/03/13/coronavirus-how-artificial-intelligence-data-science-and-technology-is-used-to-fight-the-pandemic/#7e603e155f5f , 21.03.2020.
  • Coronavirus: Out for a run? PUB's robots will remind you to keep your distance, https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/coronavirus-out-for-a-run-pubs-robots-will-remind-you-to-keep-your-distance , 04.05.2020.
  • Coronavirus care at one hospital got totally taken over by robots, https://www.cnet.com/news/coronavirus-care-at-one-hospital-got-taken-over-by-robots/, 29.03.2020.
  • Cretu, Gabriel Liviu (2012), “Smart Cities Design Using Event-Driven Paradigm and Semantic Web”, Informatica Economica, Cilt: 16, Sayı: 4, s.57–67.
  • Despite setbacks, coronavirus could hasten the adoption of autonomous vehicles and delivery robots ,https://venturebeat.com/2020/03/20/despite-setbacks-coronavirus-could-hasten-the-adoption-of-autonomous-vehicles-and-delivery-robots/ , 04.04.2020.
  • Doran, George T. (1981), “There's a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management's goals and objectives”, Management Review (AMA FORUM), Cilt: 11, Sayı: 70, s.35–36.
  • Drone-to-door medicines trial takes flight in Ireland, https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52206660 , 02.05.2020.
  • Elvan, Lütfü (2017), “Akıllı Şehirler: Lüks Değil İhtiyaç”, İTÜ Vakfı Dergisi, Sayı: 77, s.6-9.
  • Frequently Asked Questions on COVID-19, https://www.ica.gov.sg/docs/default-source/ica/publications/faqs-on-new-border-control-measures.pdf , 25.03.2020.
  • Giffinger, Rudolf vd (2007), Smart Cities Ranking Of European Medium-Sized Cities, Vienna University of Technology Research Report. Global Times, https://twitter.com/globaltimesnews/status/1223218977570078721 18.02.2020.
  • Global Times, https://twitter.com/globaltimesnews/status/1234757724518285314 , 25.03.2020.
  • Harrison, Colin vd (2010), “Foundations for Smarter Cities”, BM Journal of Research and Development, Cilt: 54, Sayı: 4, s.1-16.
  • Herzberg, Caspar (2017), Akıllı Şehirler Dijital Ülkeler (Çev. Nadir Özata), İnfoloji-Optimist Yayın Dağıtım, İstanbul.
  • https://www.unfpa.org/data/world-population-dashboard , 24.03.2020.
  • How South Korea’s smart city startups curbed the spread of COVID-19, https://e27.co/how-south-koreas-smart-city-startups-curbed-the-spread-of-covid-19-20200323/ , 01.04.2020.
  • How Smart Technology Can Help US to Tackle the Corona Virus, http://www.smartesthome.com.au/article/how-smart-technology-can-help-us-to-tackle-the-corona-virus, 22.03.2020.
  • How to use smart city technology to measure social distancing, https://techxplore.com/news/2020-04-smart-city-technology-social-distancing.html , 12.04.2020.
  • http://www.seoul.go.kr/coronaV/coronaStatus.do , 07.05.2020.
  • İZKA. (2013). Bilgi Toplumu-temelli Kalkınma Stratejisi, İzmir, https://www.izka.org.tr/docs/stratejianaliz/06_izmir_bilgi_toplumu_temelli_kalkinma_stratejisi.pdf , 18.08.2019.
  • Kayapınar, Y. Erdal (2017), “Akıllı Şehirler ve Uygulama Örnekleri”, İTÜ Vakfı Dergisi, Sayı: 77, s.15-19.
  • Leonhard, Gerd (2018), Teknolojiye Karşı İnsanlık, Siyah Kitap, İstanbul.
  • NTV, 2 Bin Sağlık Çalışanı Akıllı Yüzük Takacak, https://www.ntv.com.tr/teknoloji/2-bin-saglik-calisani-akilli-yuzuk-takacak,hCMTS4FFuEmdOyrjE98Rtw, 29.03.2020.
  • Orange Barrel Media, IKE Smart City offer free digital advertising during coronavirus pandemic, https://www.kioskmarketplace.com/news/orange-barrel-media-ike-smart-city-offer-free-digital-advertising-during-coronavirus-pandemic/ , 02.04.2020.
  • Outpacing an outbreak: How tech helps cities handle public health threats, https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/outpacing-an-outbreak-how-tech-helps-cities-handle-public-health-threats/572372/ , 25.03.2020.
  • Qiu, Wugi vd (2018), “The impacts on health, society, and economy of sars and h7n9 outbreaks in china: A case comparison study”. J. Environ. Public Health, s.1-8.
  • Sewer-sniffing IoT could provide early warning for COVID-19 outbreaks, https://cities-today.com/sewer-sniffing-iot-could-provide-early-warning-for-covid-19-outbreaks/ , 08.07.2020.
  • Smart Cities Council. (2015), Smart Cities Readiness Guide.
  • Smart City Council, COVİD-19 Mitigation Roadmap, https://smartcitiescouncil.com/ , 30.03.2020.
  • Smart Cities Council releases COVID-19 mitigation tool, https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/smart-cities-council-covid-19-mitigation-tool-activator/574463/ , 23.03.2020.
  • Smart devices help HK fight against new coronavirus, https://futureiot.tech/smart-devices-help-hk-fight-against-new-coronavirus/ , 05.03.2020.
  • Supervised self-driving shuttles are moving COVID-19 tests in Florida, https://www.theverge.com/2020/4/6/21209964/self-driving-shuttles-covid-19-tests-florida-beep-jacksonville-navya , 07.04.2020.
  • Türkiye Sağlıklı Kentler Birliği (2019), “Akıllı Kentler”, Kentli Dergisi, Sayı: 31, s.46-49.
  • UNDP (2020), What Singapore can teach about an effective coronavirus response, https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/blog/2020/what-singapore-can-teach-about-an-effective-coronavirus-response.html, 25.03.2020.
  • United Nations (2019), World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, New York.
  • Velibeyoğlu, Koray (2019), “Akıllı Kentler: Vaatler ve Ötesi”, Yenilikçi Sürdürülebilir Gelişme Stratejileri Bağlamında Türkiye Ekonomisinin Geleceğine Yönelik Çözüm Arayışları (Ed. S. Şanlısoy), İlkim Ofset, İzmir.
  • Vermesan, Ovidiu ve Friess, Peter (2014), Internet of Things—From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment; River Publishers: Gistrup, Denmark.
  • Vuzix Blade and M400 Augmented Reality Glasses to Fight the Coronavirus Pandemic, https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2020/03/vuzix-blade-and-m400-augmented-reality-glasses-to-fight-the-coronavirus-pandemic/, 01.04.2020.
  • What America can learn from China’s use of robots and telemedicine to combat the coronavirus, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/18/how-china-is-using-robots-and-telemedicine-to-combat-the-coronavirus.html, 29.03.2020.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sezgin Sezgin 0000-0002-6625-3997

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Sezgin, S. (2021). COVİD-19 İLE MÜCADELEDE DÜNYADA AKILLI KENT UYGULAMALARINA İLİŞKİN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Journal of Political Administrative and Local Studies, 4(1), 72-96.