Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Effect of Strategic Orientations and Innovation on Business Performance and A Research

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 28 - 45, 30.06.2021

Öz

Strategic orientation and innovation strategies are the basic approaches to achieve sustainable competitive advantage and superior performance. Research in the field of strategic management has explored individual strategic orientations (marketing orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, etc.) and their relationship to innovation and business performance. For this reason, multiple strategic orientations are included in the research within the framework of the resource-based view (RBV). In this context, the relationship between strategic orientations and innovativeness and financial performance was examined empirically in this study. The data were collected from the managers of the enterprise from 197 who are located in the Province of Istanbul and are members of the Istanbul Chamber of Industry (ICI), producing medicines, medical devices and equipment. The distribution of the obtained data was checked with normality test with the help of SPSS 22.0, exploratory factor analysis was applied for construct validity, and regression analysis was performed with Pearson correlation analysis to test the hypotheses. The findings demonstrate that strategic orientations as a whole (together with their subdivision) have a significant and positive impact on innovativeness. However, strategic orientations had a negative effect on financial performance. On the other hand, while innovativeness has a positive effect on financial performance, product and marketing innovativeness, one of its sub-dimensions, has a positive effect, while process and organizational innovativeness has a negative effect.

Kaynakça

  • Al-ansari, Y., Altalib, M. ve Sardoh, M. (2013). Technology Orientation, Innovation and Business Performance: A Study Of Dubai SMES. The İnternational Technology Management Review, 3(1), 1-11.
  • Alpay, G., Bodur, M., Yilmaz, C. ve Büyükbalci, P. (2012). How Does Innovativeness Yield Superior Firm Performance? The Role Of Marketing Effectiveness. Innovation: Management, Policy and Practice, 14(1), 107-128.
  • Altıntaş, F. F. (2020). Rekabet Ve İnovasyon Boyutlari İlişkisinin Çok Yönlü Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Ampirik Bir Araştirma: G20 Grubu Ülkeleri Örneği. Business and Management Studies: An İnternational Journal, 8(3), 3052-3096.
  • Aminu, İ. M. ve Shariff, M. N. M. (2017). The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, Technology Orientation and SMES Performance in Nigeria. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1, 108-116.
  • Antoncic, B. ve Hisrich, R. D. (2001). Intrapreneurship: Construct Refinement and Cross-Cultural Validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 495-527.
  • Atalay, M. (2012). Entelektüel Sermaye, Yenilik ve İşletme Performansı İlişkisi: Otomotiv Yan Sanayi Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Antalya.
  • Atalay, M., Anafarta, N. ve Sarvan, F. (2013). The Relationship Between Innovation and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence From Turkish Automotive Supplier İndustry. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 226-235.
  • Avcı, U. (2009). Öğrenme Yönelimliliğinin Yenilik Performansı Üzerine Etkisi: Muğla Mermer Sektöründe Bir İnceleme. ZKU Journal of Social Sciences, 10(10), 121-138.
  • Ayar, B. ve Erdil, T. (2018). Ar-Ge ve İnovasyon Faaliyetlerinin İhracat Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Türk İşletmeleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Öneri Dergisi, 13(49), 45-68.
  • Azeem, M. M., Marsap, A. ve Jilani, A. H. (2015). Impact of E-Commerce On Organization Performance: Evidence From Banking Sector Of Pakistan. International Journal Of Economics And Finance, 7(2), 303-309.
  • Baker, W. E. ve Sinkula, J. M. (1999). The Synergistic Effect of Market Orientation and Learning Orientation On Organizational Performance. Journal of The Academy Of Marketing Science, 27(4), 411-427.
  • Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal Of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Barney, J. B ve Clark, D. N. (2007). Resource Based Theory. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Barney, J. B. (2001). Resource-Based Theories of Competitive Advantage: A Ten-Year Retrospective On The Resource-Based View. Journal of Management, 27( 6, 643-650.
  • Blumentritt, T. ve Danis, W. M. (2006). Business strategy types and innovative practices. Journal of managerial issues, 18(2), 274-291.
  • Boachie-Mensah ve Acquah, (2015). The Effect Of Innovation Types on The Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in The Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Archives of Business Research, 3(3), s.77-98.
  • Boztoprak, H. (2020). Kurum Temelli Görüş ve Stratejinin Üçayağı Perspektifi: Yazın Taraması. Savunma bilimleri dergisi, 38, 105-129.
  • Bulut, Ç. (2007). Stratejik Oryantasyonlar ve Firma Performansı, (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gebze.
  • Burmaoğlu, S.ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Türk Firmalarının Organizasyonel İnovasyon Yeteneğini Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 66(4), 1-20.
  • Cadogan, J. W. (2012). International Marketing, Strategic Orientations and Business Success: Reflections on The Path Ahead. International Marketing Review, 29(4), 340-348.
  • Calantone, R. J., Cavusgil, S.T. ve Zhao, Y. (2002). Learning Orientation, Firm Innovation Capability, and Firm Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 31(6), 515-524.
  • Collis, D. J. ve Montgomery, C. A. (2008). Competing on Resources. Harvard Business Review, 86, 7-8.
  • Connor, T. (2002). The Resource-Based View Of Strategy and Its Value to Practising Managers. Strategic Change, 11(6), 307-316.
  • Covin, J. G. ve Slevin, D. P. (1989). Strategic Management of Small Firms in Hostile and Benign Environments. Strategic Management Journal, 10(1), 75-87.
  • Covin, J. G. ve Slevin, D. P. (1991). A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship As Firm Behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-26.
  • Damanpour, F. ve Evan, W. M. (1984). Organizational Innovation and Performance: The Problem Of ‘Organizational Lag’. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29(3), 392-409.
  • Day, G. S.(1994). The Capabilities Of Market-Driven Organizations. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 37-52.
  • Day, G. S.ve Wensley, R. (1983). Marketing Theory With A Strategic Orientation. Journal Of Marketing, 47(4), 79-91.
  • Desarbo, W. S., Benedetto, C. A. ve Song, M. (2007). A Heterogeneous Resource Based View For Exploring Relationships Between Firm Performance and Capabilities, Journal Of Modelling In Management, 2(2), 103-130.
  • Deshpande, R., Farley, J. U. ve Webster, F. E. (1993). Corporate Culture, Customer Orientation, and Innovativeness in Japanese Firms: A Quadrad Analysis. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 23-39.
  • Dess, G. G. ve Lumpkin, G. T. (2005). The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in Stimulating Effective Corporate Entrepreneurship. Academy Of Management Executive, 19(1), 147-156.
  • Dibrell, C., Craig, J. ve Hansen, E. (2011). Natural Environment, Market Orientation, and Firm Innovativeness: An Organizational Life Cycle Perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(3), 467-489.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1985:1954). The Practice of Management. New York: Harper Business.
  • Durmuş-Özdemir, E. ve Abdukhoshimov, K. (2016). Impact Of Technological and Non-Technological Innovation On Firm Performance: Empirical Study at Turk Telekom Group Antalya Office. Journal Of Global Strategic Management, 1(10), 17-34.
  • El-ansary, A. I. (2006). Marketing Strategy: Taxonomy and Frameworks. European Business Review, 18(4), 266-293.
  • Elçi, Ş. (2006). İnovasyon Kalkınmanın ve Rekabetin Anahtarı (7. Bs.). Ankara: Nova Bas.Yay. Dağ.
  • Ellonen, R., Blomqvist, K. ve Puumalainen, K. (2008). The Role of Trust in Organisational Innovativeness. European Journal of İnnovation Management, 11( 2, 160-181.
  • Erdem, A. T. (2017). Kurumsal Girişimcilik Üzerine Yapilan Çalişmalarin İçerik Analizi Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi. European Journal of Managerial Research (EUJMR), 1, 1-8.
  • Erdil, T. S., Aydoğan, S., Ayar, B., Güvendik, Ö., Diler, S. ve Gusınac, K. (2019). İnovasyon Performansının Rekabet Gücü, Firma Performansı ve İhracat Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Birleşme ve Satın Alma İşlemleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. MÜ İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 40(2), 137-166.
  • Ergün, E., Bulut, Ç., Yılmaz, C. ve Alpkan, L. (2005). Şirket Girişimciliğinin Şirket Performansına Etkileri. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 2(6) 175-189.
  • Esen, A., Aşik Dizdar, Ö. ve Ege, T. (2017). Organizational Learning and Learning Organizations: An Integrative Framework. International Journal of Management Economics and Business, 13(2), 439-460.
  • Fis, A. M. ve Wasti, S.A. (2009). Örgüt Kültürü ve Girişimcilik Yönelimi İlişkisi. Middle East Technical University Studies in Development. (35), 127-164.
  • Frambach, R. T., Prabhu, J. ve Verhallen, T. M. M. (2003). The İnfluence of Business Strategy on New Product Activity: The Role of Market Orientation. International Journal Of Research in Marketing, 20(4), 377-397.
  • Gatignon, H. ve Xuereb, J. M. (1997). Strategic Orientation of The Firm and New Product Performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1), 77-90.
  • Grinstein, A. (2008). The Relationships Between Market Orientation and Alternative Strategic Orientations: A Meta-Analysis. European Journal of Marketing, 42(1-2), 115-134.
  • Gümüşlüoğlu, Ş. ve Karaöz, b. (2014). Tarihsel Süreçte Girişimcilik: Muğla Örneği. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi; 3(1), 97-116.
  • Gupta, S., Malhotra, N. K., Czinkota, M. ve Foroudi, P. (2016). Marketing Innovation: A Consequence of Competitiveness. Journal of Business Research, 69(1)2, 5671–5681.
  • Gürkan, N. (2017). Stratejik (Girişimci) Bir Duruş Olarak Girişimsel Oryantasyon Kavramı. Business and Management Studies: An International Journal, 5(2), 405-422.
  • Hakala, H. (2011). Strategic Orientations in Management Literature: Three Approaches to Understanding The Interaction Between Market, Technology, Entrepreneurial and Learning Orientations. International Journal of Management Reviews, 13(2), 199-217.
  • Hakala, H. ve Kohtamäki, M. (2011). Configurations Of Entrepreneurial- Customer- and Technology Orientation: Differences in Learning and Performance of Software Companies. International Journal Of Entrepreneurial Behaviour And Research, 17(1), 64-81.
  • Han, J. K., Kim, N. ve Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market Orientation and Organizational Performance: is Innovation A Missing Link? Journal Of Marketing, 62(4), 30-45.
  • Hanif Mauludin, H. M. (2013). Market Orientation, Learning Organization and Dynamic Capability As Antecedents of Value Creation. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 10(2), 38-48.
  • Hassan, M. U., Shaukat, S., Nawaz, M. S.ve Naz, S.(2013). Effects of Innovation Types on Firm Performance: An Empirical Study On Pakistan’s Manufacturing Sector. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 7(2), 243–262.
  • Ho, J., Plewa, C. ve Lu, V. N. (2016). Examining Strategic Orientation Complementarity Using Multiple Regression Analysis and Fuzzy Set QCA. Journal of Business Research, 69, 2199–2205.
  • Huang, S. K. ve Wang, Y. L. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Innovation In Small and Medium Enterprises. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 563-570.
  • Huber, G. P. (1991). Organizational Learning: The Contributing Processes and The Literatures. Organization Science, 2(1), 88-115.
  • Hult, G Tomas M, Ketchen, D. J. ve Reus, T. H. (2001). Organizational Learning Capacity and Internal Customer Orientation Within Strategic Sourcing Units. Journal of Quality Management, 6(2), 173-192.
  • Hult, G. Thomas M., Hurley, R. F. ve Knight, G. A. (2004). Innovativeness: its Antecedents and Impact on Business Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 33(5), 429-438.
  • Hunt, S.D. ve Lambe, C. J. (2000). Marketing’s Contribution to Business Strategy: Market Orientation, Relationship Marketing and Resource-Advantage Theory. International Journal of Management Reviews, 2(1), 17-43.
  • Hurley, R. F. ve Hult, G. T. M. (1998). Organizational Learning : An Integration and Empirical Examination. Journal Of Marketing, 62, 42-54.
  • Jaworski, B. J. ve Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57(3), 53-70.
  • Jiménez-Jiménez, D. ve Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation, Organizational Learning, and Performance. Journal of Business Research, 64(4), 408-417.
  • Kalayci, Ş. (2006). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayin Dağitim.
  • Karacaoğlu, K. (2006). Temelli Bakış Açısı: Kayseri’de Faaliyet Gösteren İmalat Sanayi İşletmeleri İçin Bir Model Önerisi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). SBE, Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Keith, R. J. (1960). The Marketing Revolution, Journal of Marketing, 24(3), 35-39.
  • Kendir, V., Sinsoysal, B., Orçanli, K. ve Boztoprak, H. (2019). Örgüt Kültürü İle Örgütsel Yenilikçilik Arasındaki İlişkide Örgütsel Öğrenmenin Aracı Rolü. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 10(20), 881-908.
  • Keskin, H. (2006). Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, And Innovation Capabilities in SMES: An Extended Model. European Journal of Innovation Management, 9(4), 96-417.
  • Khandwalla, P. N. (1974). Mass Output Orientation of Operations Technology and Organizational Structure. Administrative Science Quarterly, 19(1), 74-94.
  • Kohli, A. K. ve Jaworski, B. J. (1990). Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Propositions, and Managerial Implications. Journal of Marketing, 54(2), 1-18.
  • Kotler, P. ve Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management (15. Bs.). Canada: Pearson Education.
  • Kozlenkova, I. V., Samaha, S.A. ve Palmatier, R. W. (2014). Resource-Based Theory in Marketing. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 42(2), 1-21.
  • Kropp, F., Lindsay, N. J. ve Shoham, A. (2006). Entrepreneurial, Market, and Learning Orientations and International Entrepreneurial Business Venture Performance in South African Firms. International Marketing Review, 23(5), 504-523.
  • Kunz, W., Schmitt, B. ve Meyer, A. (2011). How Does Perceived Firm Innovativeness Affect The Consumer? Journal of Business Research, 64(8), 816-822.
  • Lee, D. H., Choi, S.B. ve Kwak, W. J. (2014). The Effects of Four Dimensions of Strategic Orientation on Firm Innovativeness and Performance in Emerging Market Small- And Medium-Size Enterprises. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 50(5), 78-96.
  • Lee, T. S.ve Tsai, H. J. (2005). The Effects of Business Operation Mode on Market Orientation, Learning Orientation and Innovativeness. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 105(3), 325-348.
  • Li, J. J. (2005). The Formation of Managerial Networks of Foreign Firms in China: The Effects of Strategic Orientations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22(49), 423-443.
  • Li, H. ve Atuahene-Gima, K. (2001). Product Innovation Strategy and The Performance Of New Technology Ventures In China, Academy Of Management Journal, 44(6), 123-1134.
  • Lin, R. J., Chen, R. H. ve Chiu, K. K. S. (2010). Customer Relationship Management and Innovation Capability: An Empirical Study. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 110(1), 111-133.
  • Liu, S. S., Luo, X. ve Shi, Y. Z. (2003). Market-Oriented Organizations in An Emerging Economy. A Study of Missing Links. Journal of Business Research, 56(6), 481-491.
  • Lumpkin, G. T. ve Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying The Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it to Performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
  • Lumpkin, G.T. ve Dess, G.G. (2001). Linking Two Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Environment and Industry Life Cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 429–451.
  • Madhani, P. M. (2010). Resource Based View (RBV) of Competitive Advantage: An Overview. Madhani, P. M (Ed.). Resource Based View: Concepts and Practices Içinde (Ss.1-22). Hyderabad, India: ICFAI University Press.
  • Malpica Romero, A. D., Ramírez Solís, E. R. ve Baños Monroy, V. I. (2014). Strategic Orientations and Their Relationship With Performance: A Case of A Mexican Family Firm, Academy Of Strategic Management Journal, 13(2), 1-20.
  • Marşap, A. (2015). Sağlıkta Stratejik Yönetim (SAYÖN). İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Martin-Rios, C. ve Ciobanu, T. (2019). Hospitality Innovation Strategies: An Analysis Of Success Factors and Challenges. Tourism Management, 70, 218-229.
  • Menguc, B., Auh, S. ve Shih, E. (2007). Transformational Leadership and Market Orientation: Implications For The Implementation Of Competitive Strategies and Business Unit Performance. Journal Of Business Research, 60(4), 314-321.
  • Miller, D. (1983). The Correlates Of Entrepreneurship In Three Types of Firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770-791.
  • Miller, D. ve Friesen, P. H. (1978). Archetypes of Strategy Formulation. Management Science, 24(9), 921-933.
  • Mu, J. ve Di Benedetto, C. A. (2011). Strategic Orientations and New Product Commercialization: Mediator, Moderator and Interplay. R&D Management, 41(4), 337-359.
  • Naidoo, V. (2010). Firm Survival Through A Crisis: The Influence of Market Orientation, Marketing Innovation and Business Strategy. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(8), 1311-1320.
  • Narver, J. C. ve Slater, S.F. (1990). The Effect of A Market Orientation on Business Profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 20-35.
  • Noble, C. H., Sinha, R. K. ve Kumar, A. (2002). Market Orientation and Alternative Strategic Orientations: A Longitudinal Assessment Of Performance Implications. Journal of Marketing, 66(4), 25-39.
  • Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation, Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37.
  • Obeidat, N. Y. (2016). The effect of strategic orientation on organizational performance: the mediating role of innovation, international journal of communications. Network and system sciences, 9(11), .478-505.
  • OECD; Eurostat. (2005). Manual de Oslo 2005 (3rd Edition). Paris, OECD Publishing.
  • Oktavio, A., Kaihatu, T. S. ve Kartika, E. W. (2019). Learning Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Innovation and Their Impacts on New Hotel Performance: Evidence From Surabaya, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 17(1), 8-19.
  • Özbozkurt, O.B., (2019). Çağdaş Stratejik Yönetim Üzerine. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD), 6, 67-81.
  • Özdevecioğl, M. ve Biçkes, D. M. (2012). Örgütsel Öğrenme ve İnovasyon İlişkisi: Büyük Ölçekli İşletmelerde Bir Araştırma. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 19-45.
  • Özer, Y. E. (2007). Küresel Rekabet-Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları ve Türkiye. Review of Social Economic and Business Studies, 9(10), 389-408.
  • Öztürk, İ. (2020). Stratejinin Uyum ve Seçim Paradoksunun, Stratejik Düşünce Okullarından Çevre Okulu Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(1), 249-255.
  • Peçen, Ü. ve Kaya, N. (2013). Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Firmalarında İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Uygulamaları, Organizasyonel İklim ve Organizasyonel Yenilikçilik Düzeyi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 14(1), 95-111.
  • Porter, M. E. (1985). Technology and competitive advantage. Journal of business strategy, 5(3), 60-78.
  • Porter, M. E. (1996). What is strategy? Harvard business review, 74( 6, 61-78.
  • Rhee, J., Park, T. ve Lee, D. H. (2010). Drivers of innovativeness and performance for innovative smes in South Korea: mediation of learning orientation. Technovation, 30(1), 65-75.
  • Riswanto, A., Rasto, H., Saparudin, M., Abidin, A. Z. ve Eka, A. P. B. (2020). The role of innovativeness-based market orientation on marketing performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in a developing country. Management science letters, 10(9), 1947-1952.
  • Roberts P.W. ve Amit R. (2003). The Dynamics of Innovative Activity and Competitive Advantage: The Case of Australian Retail Banking 1981 to 1995. Organization Science, 14(2), 107–122.
  • Romer, P. M. (1986). Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94(3), 1002-1037.
  • Ruekert, R. W. (1992). Developing A Market Orientation: An Organizational Strategy Perspective. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 9(3), 225-245.
  • Salavou, H., Baltas, G. ve Lioukas, s. (2004). Organizational Innovation in SMES: The Importance of Strategic Orientation and Competitive Structure. European Journal of Marketing, 38(9-10), 1091-1112.
  • Sayın, B. ve Yıldiz, B. (2019). Süreç Yönetiminin Ürün İnovasyon Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Rekabet Yoğunluğunun Düzenleyici Rolü. Business and Economics Research Journal, 10(2), 575-586.
  • Schumpeter, j. A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development. An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and The Business Cycle. (Redvers Opie. Harvard Eco- Nomic Studies, Vol. 46, Çev.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Schumpeter, j. A. (1939). Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical, and Statistical Analysis of The Capitalist Process (Cilt 1, 2nd Ed.). USA: Mcgraw Hill.
  • Sinkula, J. M., Baker, W. E. ve Noordewier, T. (1997). A Framework For Market-Based Organizational Learning: Linking Values, Knowledge, and Behavior. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), 305-318.
  • Slater, S.F. ve Narver, J. C. (1995). Market Orientation and The Learning Organization, Journal of Marketing, 59(3), 63-67.
  • Smith, A. (1776). An Inquiry into The Naturea and Causes of The Wealth of Nations (5th Ed.). London: Methuen & Co. (Orijinal Eserin Yayın Tarihi 1904).
  • Song, W., Ma, X. ve Yu, H. (2019). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Interaction Orientation, and Innovation Performance: A Model of Moderated Mediation. SAGE Open, 9(4), 1-13.
  • Tan, F. Z. (2015). Öğrenme, Örgütlerde Öğrenme, Öğrenen Organizasyonlar Terimlerinin Tanımı ve Kavramsal Ayırım. Business And Management Studies: An International Journal, 2(2), 188-217.
  • Tinguely, X. (2013). The New Geography of Innovation: Clusters, Competitiveness and Theory. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Udriyah, Tham, J. ve Ferdous Azam, S.M. (2019). The Effects of Market Orientation And Innovation on Competitive Advantage And Business Performance of Textile SMES. Management Science Letters, 9(9), 1419-1428.
  • Uzkurt, C. (2019). Yenilik Yönetimi. KOSGEB Girişimcilik El Kitabı. Erdoğan, B.Z (Ed.). İçinde (ss.257-280). Ankara: KOSGEB Yayınları.
  • Vatan, A. (2014). Çevresel İnovasyon ve Konaklama İşletmelerindeki Uygulamalar Üzerine Bir Araştırma İstanbul Örneği. The Journal of Academic Social Sciences, 8(8), 51-511.
  • Vorhies, D. W., Harker, M. ve Rao, C. P. (1999). The Capabilities and Performance Advantages of Market‐Driven Firms. European Journal Of Marketing, 33(11-12), 1171-1202.
  • Yavuz, Ç. (2010). İşletmelerde İnovasyon-Performans İlişkisinin İncelenmesine Dönük Bir Çalışma. ÇOMÜ Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 5(2), 143-173.
  • Yılmaz, K. ve Karakaya, A. (2019). İşletmelerin Stratejik Yönelimleri vve Etkin İş Sürekliliği Yönetimi Arasındaki İlişkiler: İstanbul Sanayi Odası (İSO) 2015 Birinci 500 Sanayi Kuruluşu Üzerinde Yapılan Araştırma. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(4), 3230-3251.
  • Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Lee, S. H. ve Chen, L. B. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Organizational Learning, and Performance: Evidence From China. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 35(2), 293-317.
  • Zhou, K. Z., Gao, G. Y., Yang, Z. ve Zhou, N. (2005). Developing Strategic Orientation in China: Antecedents and Consequences of Market and Innovation Orientations. Journal of Business Research, 58(8), 1049-1058.

Stratejik Yönelimler ve Yenilikçiliğin İşletme Performansına Etkisi ve Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 28 - 45, 30.06.2021

Öz

Stratejik yönlülük ve yenilikçilik stratejileri sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı ve üstün performansın elde edilmesinde temel yaklaşımlardır. Stratejik yönetim alanındaki araştırmalar, bireysel stratejik yönelimleri (pazarlama yönelimi, girişimsel yönelim vb.) ve bunların yenilikçilik ve işletme performansı ile ilişkilerini araştırmıştır. Bununla birlikte, çok az çalışmada farklı stratejik yönelimlerin ve yenilikçiliğin işlete performansı üzerinde olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu nedenle stratejik yönelimler bütüncül olarak kaynak temelli görüş (KTG) çerçevesinde araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, stratejik yönelimler ve yenilikçilik ile finansal performans arasındaki ilişkiler ampirik olarak incelenmiştir. Veriler, İstanbul İli’nde yerleşik ve İstanbul Sanayi Odası’na (İSO) üye olan ilaç, tıbbi cihaz ve araç-gereç üreten 197’den işletmenin yöneticilerinden toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 yardımıyla normallik testi ile dağılımı kontrol edilmiş, yapı geçerliliği için açımlayıcı faktör analizi uygulanmış ve hipotezleri test etme amacıyla korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, stratejik yönelimlerin bütün olarak (alt boyutları ile beraber) yenilikçilik üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif etki ettiğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte stratejik yönelimlerin finansal performans üzerinde negatif bir etki ettiği bulunmuştur. Yenilikçilik ise finansal performans üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahipken alt boyutlarından ürün ve pazarlama yenilikçiliği pozitif; süreç ve organizasyonel yenilikçilik ise negatif yönlü bir etki etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Al-ansari, Y., Altalib, M. ve Sardoh, M. (2013). Technology Orientation, Innovation and Business Performance: A Study Of Dubai SMES. The İnternational Technology Management Review, 3(1), 1-11.
  • Alpay, G., Bodur, M., Yilmaz, C. ve Büyükbalci, P. (2012). How Does Innovativeness Yield Superior Firm Performance? The Role Of Marketing Effectiveness. Innovation: Management, Policy and Practice, 14(1), 107-128.
  • Altıntaş, F. F. (2020). Rekabet Ve İnovasyon Boyutlari İlişkisinin Çok Yönlü Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Ampirik Bir Araştirma: G20 Grubu Ülkeleri Örneği. Business and Management Studies: An İnternational Journal, 8(3), 3052-3096.
  • Aminu, İ. M. ve Shariff, M. N. M. (2017). The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, Technology Orientation and SMES Performance in Nigeria. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1, 108-116.
  • Antoncic, B. ve Hisrich, R. D. (2001). Intrapreneurship: Construct Refinement and Cross-Cultural Validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 495-527.
  • Atalay, M. (2012). Entelektüel Sermaye, Yenilik ve İşletme Performansı İlişkisi: Otomotiv Yan Sanayi Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Antalya.
  • Atalay, M., Anafarta, N. ve Sarvan, F. (2013). The Relationship Between Innovation and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence From Turkish Automotive Supplier İndustry. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 226-235.
  • Avcı, U. (2009). Öğrenme Yönelimliliğinin Yenilik Performansı Üzerine Etkisi: Muğla Mermer Sektöründe Bir İnceleme. ZKU Journal of Social Sciences, 10(10), 121-138.
  • Ayar, B. ve Erdil, T. (2018). Ar-Ge ve İnovasyon Faaliyetlerinin İhracat Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Türk İşletmeleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Öneri Dergisi, 13(49), 45-68.
  • Azeem, M. M., Marsap, A. ve Jilani, A. H. (2015). Impact of E-Commerce On Organization Performance: Evidence From Banking Sector Of Pakistan. International Journal Of Economics And Finance, 7(2), 303-309.
  • Baker, W. E. ve Sinkula, J. M. (1999). The Synergistic Effect of Market Orientation and Learning Orientation On Organizational Performance. Journal of The Academy Of Marketing Science, 27(4), 411-427.
  • Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal Of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Barney, J. B ve Clark, D. N. (2007). Resource Based Theory. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Barney, J. B. (2001). Resource-Based Theories of Competitive Advantage: A Ten-Year Retrospective On The Resource-Based View. Journal of Management, 27( 6, 643-650.
  • Blumentritt, T. ve Danis, W. M. (2006). Business strategy types and innovative practices. Journal of managerial issues, 18(2), 274-291.
  • Boachie-Mensah ve Acquah, (2015). The Effect Of Innovation Types on The Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in The Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Archives of Business Research, 3(3), s.77-98.
  • Boztoprak, H. (2020). Kurum Temelli Görüş ve Stratejinin Üçayağı Perspektifi: Yazın Taraması. Savunma bilimleri dergisi, 38, 105-129.
  • Bulut, Ç. (2007). Stratejik Oryantasyonlar ve Firma Performansı, (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gebze.
  • Burmaoğlu, S.ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Türk Firmalarının Organizasyonel İnovasyon Yeteneğini Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 66(4), 1-20.
  • Cadogan, J. W. (2012). International Marketing, Strategic Orientations and Business Success: Reflections on The Path Ahead. International Marketing Review, 29(4), 340-348.
  • Calantone, R. J., Cavusgil, S.T. ve Zhao, Y. (2002). Learning Orientation, Firm Innovation Capability, and Firm Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 31(6), 515-524.
  • Collis, D. J. ve Montgomery, C. A. (2008). Competing on Resources. Harvard Business Review, 86, 7-8.
  • Connor, T. (2002). The Resource-Based View Of Strategy and Its Value to Practising Managers. Strategic Change, 11(6), 307-316.
  • Covin, J. G. ve Slevin, D. P. (1989). Strategic Management of Small Firms in Hostile and Benign Environments. Strategic Management Journal, 10(1), 75-87.
  • Covin, J. G. ve Slevin, D. P. (1991). A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship As Firm Behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-26.
  • Damanpour, F. ve Evan, W. M. (1984). Organizational Innovation and Performance: The Problem Of ‘Organizational Lag’. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29(3), 392-409.
  • Day, G. S.(1994). The Capabilities Of Market-Driven Organizations. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 37-52.
  • Day, G. S.ve Wensley, R. (1983). Marketing Theory With A Strategic Orientation. Journal Of Marketing, 47(4), 79-91.
  • Desarbo, W. S., Benedetto, C. A. ve Song, M. (2007). A Heterogeneous Resource Based View For Exploring Relationships Between Firm Performance and Capabilities, Journal Of Modelling In Management, 2(2), 103-130.
  • Deshpande, R., Farley, J. U. ve Webster, F. E. (1993). Corporate Culture, Customer Orientation, and Innovativeness in Japanese Firms: A Quadrad Analysis. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 23-39.
  • Dess, G. G. ve Lumpkin, G. T. (2005). The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in Stimulating Effective Corporate Entrepreneurship. Academy Of Management Executive, 19(1), 147-156.
  • Dibrell, C., Craig, J. ve Hansen, E. (2011). Natural Environment, Market Orientation, and Firm Innovativeness: An Organizational Life Cycle Perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(3), 467-489.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1985:1954). The Practice of Management. New York: Harper Business.
  • Durmuş-Özdemir, E. ve Abdukhoshimov, K. (2016). Impact Of Technological and Non-Technological Innovation On Firm Performance: Empirical Study at Turk Telekom Group Antalya Office. Journal Of Global Strategic Management, 1(10), 17-34.
  • El-ansary, A. I. (2006). Marketing Strategy: Taxonomy and Frameworks. European Business Review, 18(4), 266-293.
  • Elçi, Ş. (2006). İnovasyon Kalkınmanın ve Rekabetin Anahtarı (7. Bs.). Ankara: Nova Bas.Yay. Dağ.
  • Ellonen, R., Blomqvist, K. ve Puumalainen, K. (2008). The Role of Trust in Organisational Innovativeness. European Journal of İnnovation Management, 11( 2, 160-181.
  • Erdem, A. T. (2017). Kurumsal Girişimcilik Üzerine Yapilan Çalişmalarin İçerik Analizi Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi. European Journal of Managerial Research (EUJMR), 1, 1-8.
  • Erdil, T. S., Aydoğan, S., Ayar, B., Güvendik, Ö., Diler, S. ve Gusınac, K. (2019). İnovasyon Performansının Rekabet Gücü, Firma Performansı ve İhracat Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Birleşme ve Satın Alma İşlemleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. MÜ İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 40(2), 137-166.
  • Ergün, E., Bulut, Ç., Yılmaz, C. ve Alpkan, L. (2005). Şirket Girişimciliğinin Şirket Performansına Etkileri. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 2(6) 175-189.
  • Esen, A., Aşik Dizdar, Ö. ve Ege, T. (2017). Organizational Learning and Learning Organizations: An Integrative Framework. International Journal of Management Economics and Business, 13(2), 439-460.
  • Fis, A. M. ve Wasti, S.A. (2009). Örgüt Kültürü ve Girişimcilik Yönelimi İlişkisi. Middle East Technical University Studies in Development. (35), 127-164.
  • Frambach, R. T., Prabhu, J. ve Verhallen, T. M. M. (2003). The İnfluence of Business Strategy on New Product Activity: The Role of Market Orientation. International Journal Of Research in Marketing, 20(4), 377-397.
  • Gatignon, H. ve Xuereb, J. M. (1997). Strategic Orientation of The Firm and New Product Performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1), 77-90.
  • Grinstein, A. (2008). The Relationships Between Market Orientation and Alternative Strategic Orientations: A Meta-Analysis. European Journal of Marketing, 42(1-2), 115-134.
  • Gümüşlüoğlu, Ş. ve Karaöz, b. (2014). Tarihsel Süreçte Girişimcilik: Muğla Örneği. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi; 3(1), 97-116.
  • Gupta, S., Malhotra, N. K., Czinkota, M. ve Foroudi, P. (2016). Marketing Innovation: A Consequence of Competitiveness. Journal of Business Research, 69(1)2, 5671–5681.
  • Gürkan, N. (2017). Stratejik (Girişimci) Bir Duruş Olarak Girişimsel Oryantasyon Kavramı. Business and Management Studies: An International Journal, 5(2), 405-422.
  • Hakala, H. (2011). Strategic Orientations in Management Literature: Three Approaches to Understanding The Interaction Between Market, Technology, Entrepreneurial and Learning Orientations. International Journal of Management Reviews, 13(2), 199-217.
  • Hakala, H. ve Kohtamäki, M. (2011). Configurations Of Entrepreneurial- Customer- and Technology Orientation: Differences in Learning and Performance of Software Companies. International Journal Of Entrepreneurial Behaviour And Research, 17(1), 64-81.
  • Han, J. K., Kim, N. ve Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market Orientation and Organizational Performance: is Innovation A Missing Link? Journal Of Marketing, 62(4), 30-45.
  • Hanif Mauludin, H. M. (2013). Market Orientation, Learning Organization and Dynamic Capability As Antecedents of Value Creation. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 10(2), 38-48.
  • Hassan, M. U., Shaukat, S., Nawaz, M. S.ve Naz, S.(2013). Effects of Innovation Types on Firm Performance: An Empirical Study On Pakistan’s Manufacturing Sector. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 7(2), 243–262.
  • Ho, J., Plewa, C. ve Lu, V. N. (2016). Examining Strategic Orientation Complementarity Using Multiple Regression Analysis and Fuzzy Set QCA. Journal of Business Research, 69, 2199–2205.
  • Huang, S. K. ve Wang, Y. L. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Innovation In Small and Medium Enterprises. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 563-570.
  • Huber, G. P. (1991). Organizational Learning: The Contributing Processes and The Literatures. Organization Science, 2(1), 88-115.
  • Hult, G Tomas M, Ketchen, D. J. ve Reus, T. H. (2001). Organizational Learning Capacity and Internal Customer Orientation Within Strategic Sourcing Units. Journal of Quality Management, 6(2), 173-192.
  • Hult, G. Thomas M., Hurley, R. F. ve Knight, G. A. (2004). Innovativeness: its Antecedents and Impact on Business Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 33(5), 429-438.
  • Hunt, S.D. ve Lambe, C. J. (2000). Marketing’s Contribution to Business Strategy: Market Orientation, Relationship Marketing and Resource-Advantage Theory. International Journal of Management Reviews, 2(1), 17-43.
  • Hurley, R. F. ve Hult, G. T. M. (1998). Organizational Learning : An Integration and Empirical Examination. Journal Of Marketing, 62, 42-54.
  • Jaworski, B. J. ve Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57(3), 53-70.
  • Jiménez-Jiménez, D. ve Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation, Organizational Learning, and Performance. Journal of Business Research, 64(4), 408-417.
  • Kalayci, Ş. (2006). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayin Dağitim.
  • Karacaoğlu, K. (2006). Temelli Bakış Açısı: Kayseri’de Faaliyet Gösteren İmalat Sanayi İşletmeleri İçin Bir Model Önerisi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). SBE, Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Keith, R. J. (1960). The Marketing Revolution, Journal of Marketing, 24(3), 35-39.
  • Kendir, V., Sinsoysal, B., Orçanli, K. ve Boztoprak, H. (2019). Örgüt Kültürü İle Örgütsel Yenilikçilik Arasındaki İlişkide Örgütsel Öğrenmenin Aracı Rolü. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 10(20), 881-908.
  • Keskin, H. (2006). Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, And Innovation Capabilities in SMES: An Extended Model. European Journal of Innovation Management, 9(4), 96-417.
  • Khandwalla, P. N. (1974). Mass Output Orientation of Operations Technology and Organizational Structure. Administrative Science Quarterly, 19(1), 74-94.
  • Kohli, A. K. ve Jaworski, B. J. (1990). Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Propositions, and Managerial Implications. Journal of Marketing, 54(2), 1-18.
  • Kotler, P. ve Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management (15. Bs.). Canada: Pearson Education.
  • Kozlenkova, I. V., Samaha, S.A. ve Palmatier, R. W. (2014). Resource-Based Theory in Marketing. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 42(2), 1-21.
  • Kropp, F., Lindsay, N. J. ve Shoham, A. (2006). Entrepreneurial, Market, and Learning Orientations and International Entrepreneurial Business Venture Performance in South African Firms. International Marketing Review, 23(5), 504-523.
  • Kunz, W., Schmitt, B. ve Meyer, A. (2011). How Does Perceived Firm Innovativeness Affect The Consumer? Journal of Business Research, 64(8), 816-822.
  • Lee, D. H., Choi, S.B. ve Kwak, W. J. (2014). The Effects of Four Dimensions of Strategic Orientation on Firm Innovativeness and Performance in Emerging Market Small- And Medium-Size Enterprises. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 50(5), 78-96.
  • Lee, T. S.ve Tsai, H. J. (2005). The Effects of Business Operation Mode on Market Orientation, Learning Orientation and Innovativeness. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 105(3), 325-348.
  • Li, J. J. (2005). The Formation of Managerial Networks of Foreign Firms in China: The Effects of Strategic Orientations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22(49), 423-443.
  • Li, H. ve Atuahene-Gima, K. (2001). Product Innovation Strategy and The Performance Of New Technology Ventures In China, Academy Of Management Journal, 44(6), 123-1134.
  • Lin, R. J., Chen, R. H. ve Chiu, K. K. S. (2010). Customer Relationship Management and Innovation Capability: An Empirical Study. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 110(1), 111-133.
  • Liu, S. S., Luo, X. ve Shi, Y. Z. (2003). Market-Oriented Organizations in An Emerging Economy. A Study of Missing Links. Journal of Business Research, 56(6), 481-491.
  • Lumpkin, G. T. ve Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying The Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it to Performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
  • Lumpkin, G.T. ve Dess, G.G. (2001). Linking Two Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Environment and Industry Life Cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 429–451.
  • Madhani, P. M. (2010). Resource Based View (RBV) of Competitive Advantage: An Overview. Madhani, P. M (Ed.). Resource Based View: Concepts and Practices Içinde (Ss.1-22). Hyderabad, India: ICFAI University Press.
  • Malpica Romero, A. D., Ramírez Solís, E. R. ve Baños Monroy, V. I. (2014). Strategic Orientations and Their Relationship With Performance: A Case of A Mexican Family Firm, Academy Of Strategic Management Journal, 13(2), 1-20.
  • Marşap, A. (2015). Sağlıkta Stratejik Yönetim (SAYÖN). İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Martin-Rios, C. ve Ciobanu, T. (2019). Hospitality Innovation Strategies: An Analysis Of Success Factors and Challenges. Tourism Management, 70, 218-229.
  • Menguc, B., Auh, S. ve Shih, E. (2007). Transformational Leadership and Market Orientation: Implications For The Implementation Of Competitive Strategies and Business Unit Performance. Journal Of Business Research, 60(4), 314-321.
  • Miller, D. (1983). The Correlates Of Entrepreneurship In Three Types of Firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770-791.
  • Miller, D. ve Friesen, P. H. (1978). Archetypes of Strategy Formulation. Management Science, 24(9), 921-933.
  • Mu, J. ve Di Benedetto, C. A. (2011). Strategic Orientations and New Product Commercialization: Mediator, Moderator and Interplay. R&D Management, 41(4), 337-359.
  • Naidoo, V. (2010). Firm Survival Through A Crisis: The Influence of Market Orientation, Marketing Innovation and Business Strategy. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(8), 1311-1320.
  • Narver, J. C. ve Slater, S.F. (1990). The Effect of A Market Orientation on Business Profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 20-35.
  • Noble, C. H., Sinha, R. K. ve Kumar, A. (2002). Market Orientation and Alternative Strategic Orientations: A Longitudinal Assessment Of Performance Implications. Journal of Marketing, 66(4), 25-39.
  • Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation, Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37.
  • Obeidat, N. Y. (2016). The effect of strategic orientation on organizational performance: the mediating role of innovation, international journal of communications. Network and system sciences, 9(11), .478-505.
  • OECD; Eurostat. (2005). Manual de Oslo 2005 (3rd Edition). Paris, OECD Publishing.
  • Oktavio, A., Kaihatu, T. S. ve Kartika, E. W. (2019). Learning Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Innovation and Their Impacts on New Hotel Performance: Evidence From Surabaya, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 17(1), 8-19.
  • Özbozkurt, O.B., (2019). Çağdaş Stratejik Yönetim Üzerine. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD), 6, 67-81.
  • Özdevecioğl, M. ve Biçkes, D. M. (2012). Örgütsel Öğrenme ve İnovasyon İlişkisi: Büyük Ölçekli İşletmelerde Bir Araştırma. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 39, 19-45.
  • Özer, Y. E. (2007). Küresel Rekabet-Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları ve Türkiye. Review of Social Economic and Business Studies, 9(10), 389-408.
  • Öztürk, İ. (2020). Stratejinin Uyum ve Seçim Paradoksunun, Stratejik Düşünce Okullarından Çevre Okulu Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(1), 249-255.
  • Peçen, Ü. ve Kaya, N. (2013). Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Firmalarında İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Uygulamaları, Organizasyonel İklim ve Organizasyonel Yenilikçilik Düzeyi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 14(1), 95-111.
  • Porter, M. E. (1985). Technology and competitive advantage. Journal of business strategy, 5(3), 60-78.
  • Porter, M. E. (1996). What is strategy? Harvard business review, 74( 6, 61-78.
  • Rhee, J., Park, T. ve Lee, D. H. (2010). Drivers of innovativeness and performance for innovative smes in South Korea: mediation of learning orientation. Technovation, 30(1), 65-75.
  • Riswanto, A., Rasto, H., Saparudin, M., Abidin, A. Z. ve Eka, A. P. B. (2020). The role of innovativeness-based market orientation on marketing performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in a developing country. Management science letters, 10(9), 1947-1952.
  • Roberts P.W. ve Amit R. (2003). The Dynamics of Innovative Activity and Competitive Advantage: The Case of Australian Retail Banking 1981 to 1995. Organization Science, 14(2), 107–122.
  • Romer, P. M. (1986). Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94(3), 1002-1037.
  • Ruekert, R. W. (1992). Developing A Market Orientation: An Organizational Strategy Perspective. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 9(3), 225-245.
  • Salavou, H., Baltas, G. ve Lioukas, s. (2004). Organizational Innovation in SMES: The Importance of Strategic Orientation and Competitive Structure. European Journal of Marketing, 38(9-10), 1091-1112.
  • Sayın, B. ve Yıldiz, B. (2019). Süreç Yönetiminin Ürün İnovasyon Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Rekabet Yoğunluğunun Düzenleyici Rolü. Business and Economics Research Journal, 10(2), 575-586.
  • Schumpeter, j. A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development. An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and The Business Cycle. (Redvers Opie. Harvard Eco- Nomic Studies, Vol. 46, Çev.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Schumpeter, j. A. (1939). Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical, and Statistical Analysis of The Capitalist Process (Cilt 1, 2nd Ed.). USA: Mcgraw Hill.
  • Sinkula, J. M., Baker, W. E. ve Noordewier, T. (1997). A Framework For Market-Based Organizational Learning: Linking Values, Knowledge, and Behavior. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), 305-318.
  • Slater, S.F. ve Narver, J. C. (1995). Market Orientation and The Learning Organization, Journal of Marketing, 59(3), 63-67.
  • Smith, A. (1776). An Inquiry into The Naturea and Causes of The Wealth of Nations (5th Ed.). London: Methuen & Co. (Orijinal Eserin Yayın Tarihi 1904).
  • Song, W., Ma, X. ve Yu, H. (2019). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Interaction Orientation, and Innovation Performance: A Model of Moderated Mediation. SAGE Open, 9(4), 1-13.
  • Tan, F. Z. (2015). Öğrenme, Örgütlerde Öğrenme, Öğrenen Organizasyonlar Terimlerinin Tanımı ve Kavramsal Ayırım. Business And Management Studies: An International Journal, 2(2), 188-217.
  • Tinguely, X. (2013). The New Geography of Innovation: Clusters, Competitiveness and Theory. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Udriyah, Tham, J. ve Ferdous Azam, S.M. (2019). The Effects of Market Orientation And Innovation on Competitive Advantage And Business Performance of Textile SMES. Management Science Letters, 9(9), 1419-1428.
  • Uzkurt, C. (2019). Yenilik Yönetimi. KOSGEB Girişimcilik El Kitabı. Erdoğan, B.Z (Ed.). İçinde (ss.257-280). Ankara: KOSGEB Yayınları.
  • Vatan, A. (2014). Çevresel İnovasyon ve Konaklama İşletmelerindeki Uygulamalar Üzerine Bir Araştırma İstanbul Örneği. The Journal of Academic Social Sciences, 8(8), 51-511.
  • Vorhies, D. W., Harker, M. ve Rao, C. P. (1999). The Capabilities and Performance Advantages of Market‐Driven Firms. European Journal Of Marketing, 33(11-12), 1171-1202.
  • Yavuz, Ç. (2010). İşletmelerde İnovasyon-Performans İlişkisinin İncelenmesine Dönük Bir Çalışma. ÇOMÜ Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 5(2), 143-173.
  • Yılmaz, K. ve Karakaya, A. (2019). İşletmelerin Stratejik Yönelimleri vve Etkin İş Sürekliliği Yönetimi Arasındaki İlişkiler: İstanbul Sanayi Odası (İSO) 2015 Birinci 500 Sanayi Kuruluşu Üzerinde Yapılan Araştırma. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(4), 3230-3251.
  • Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Lee, S. H. ve Chen, L. B. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Organizational Learning, and Performance: Evidence From China. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 35(2), 293-317.
  • Zhou, K. Z., Gao, G. Y., Yang, Z. ve Zhou, N. (2005). Developing Strategic Orientation in China: Antecedents and Consequences of Market and Innovation Orientations. Journal of Business Research, 58(8), 1049-1058.
Toplam 126 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Güngör Karaca 0000-0002-9004-276X

Akın Marşap 0000-0003-2155-8137

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Haziran 2021
Kabul Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Karaca, G., & Marşap, A. (2021). Stratejik Yönelimler ve Yenilikçiliğin İşletme Performansına Etkisi ve Bir Araştırma. Muhakeme Dergisi, 4(1), 28-45.

13282     13284  13286132881328913290  13291   13293 13295