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A RESEARCH ON THE CONCEPT OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL CHANGE

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2022 Sayı: 1, 55 - 64, 27.04.2022

Öz

In this study, the concept of structural change was examined by using the literature review method and descriptive statistics. As a result of the literature research, it is seen that the phenomenon of structural change can be traced back to the 17th century. Structural change is experienced in the form of an increase in service share at different levels in parallel with income increases. While income increases were shown as the reason for the structural change before 1970, developments in information and communication technology were mainly the reason after 1970. When the different experience examples in the literature and the employment rates in other income group countries are examined, it has been concluded that the general acceptance that the increase in the services share is an indicator of development should be approached with suspicion. In addition, the emphasis on complementarity and substitution between industry and service sectors is seminal for empirical studies.

Kaynakça

  • Akarçay-Gürbüz, A. (2011). Comparing trajectories of structural change. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 35(6), 1061-1085.
  • Amazon Alexa, (2020). https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/alexa-voice-service/api-overview.html (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020).
  • Arunachalam, R. & Kumar, N.K. (2002). Inter-temporal comparison of ınter-ındustrial linkages in the Indian economy (1968-69 to 1983-83). Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 15 (1), 1-30.
  • Attali, J. (1981). Les trois mondes, Fayard: Paris.
  • Bacon, R.W & Eltis, W. (1976). Britain’s economic problem: too few producers. MacMillan: New York.
  • Baldwin, R. (2019). The globotics upheaval: globalization, robotics, and the future of work. Oxford University Press: Oxford, England.
  • Ballesta, J. A. C., Melikhova, Y. & Peinado, M. H. (2012). Services in the EU productive systems: a comparative study of the new and old member states. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 23(3), 223-232.
  • Banga, R., (2005). Critical issues in India’s service-led growth. ICRIER Working Paper Series, Working Paper, No. 171.
  • Baumol, W. J. (1967). Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: the anatomy of the urban crisis. American Economic Review, 57(3), 415–426.
  • Bell, D. (1973). The coming of post-ındustrial society: a venture in social forecasting. New York: Basic Books Inc.
  • Bell, D. (1976). The cultural contradictions of capitalism. New York: Basic Books Inc.
  • Berry, B. J. L. (1997). Reversal of a relationship: a note on the tertiary sector. Urban Geography, 18(5), 460-467.
  • Bhattacharya, B.B. & Mitra, A. (1990). Industry-agriculture growth rates: widening disparities: an explanation. EPW, August 26.
  • Chiu, S. & Lui, T. (2004). Testing the global city–social polarisation thesis: Hong Kong since the 1990s. Urban Studies, 41(10), 1863–1888.
  • Clark, C. (1940). The conditions of economic progress. Macmillan: London.
  • Cohen, S. S. & Zysman J. (1987). Manufacturing matters: the myth of the post-ındustrial economy. Council on Foreign Relations Book series NY: Basic Books.
  • Dasgupta, S., & Singh, A. (2007). Manufacturing, services and premature deindustrialization in developing countries: A Kaldorian analysis. In Advancing Development (pp. 435-454). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Desmarchelier, B. & Gallouj, F. (2012). Endogenous growth and environmental policy: are the processes of growth and tertiarization in developed economies reversible?. J Evol Econ, 2013(23), 831–860.
  • Dünya Bankası (2022). https://data.worldbank.org/ (Erişim Tarihi: 20.02.2022).
  • Engel, E. (1857). Die produktions-und konsumptionsverhältnisse des königreichs sachsen. Zeitschrift des Statistischen Bureaus des Königlich Sächsischen Ministerium des Inneren, 8–9.
  • Fisher, A. G. B. (1935). The clash of progress and security. Augustus M. Kelley: New York.
  • Flammang, R. A. (1979). Economic growth and economic development: counterparts or competitors?. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 28(1), 47-61.
  • Fourastie, J. (1949). Le grand espoir du xxe siècle. progrès technique, progrès economique, Progrès Social, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 224 p. - Réed 1989 Collection Tel Gallimard.
  • Friedmann, J. & Wolff, G. (1982). World city formation: an agenda for research and action. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 6 (3), 309–344.
  • Fuchs, V. R. (1968). The service economy. General Series National Bureau of Economic Research, Columbia University Press: New York.
  • Genaro, D. & Melchor, E. (2009). The Impact of the Tertiarization Process in Spanish Economic Growth From a Regional Perspective. The Service Industries Journal, 30(3), 359-374.
  • Gershuny, J. (1978). After industrial society? the emerging self-service economy. MacMillan, New York.
  • Gershuny, J. & Miles, I. (1983). The new service economy: the transformation of employment in industrial societies. Frances Pinter: London.
  • Hamnett, C. (1994a). Social polarisation in global cities: theory and evidence. Urban Studies, 31(3), 401–424.
  • Hamnett, C. (1994b). Socio-economic change in London: professionalisation, not polarisation, Built Environment, 20(3): 192–203.
  • Hamnett, C. (2003). Unequal city: London in the global arena. Routledge: London.
  • Jefferson, M. (1939). The law of the primate city. Geographical Review, 29, 226–232.
  • Kaldor, N. (1966). Causes of the slow rate of economic growth of the United Kingdom: an ınaugural lecture. Cambridge University Press: England.
  • Kuznets, S. (1957). Quantitative aspects of the economic growth of nations: ıı. ındustrial distribution of national product and labor force. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 5(4), 1–111.
  • Kuznets, S. (1966). Modern economic growth, rate, structure and spread. Yale University Press: New Haven.
  • Lin, J. Y., & Wang, Y. (2020). Structural change, ındustrial upgrading, and middle-income trap. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 20(2), 359-394.
  • Lipietz, A. 1980. Le tertiaire, arborescence de l’accumulation capitaliste, Crit Écon Polit 12, 37–69.
  • Mitra, A. (1988). Disproportionality and the services sector: A note. Social Scientist, 3-8.
  • Murata, Y. (2008). Engel's law, petty's law, and agglomeration. Journal of Development Economics, 87 (2008), 161–177.
  • Petty, W. (1690). Political arithmetic. In: Hull, C.H. (Ed.), 1899. The Economic Writings of Sir William Petty. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
  • Pinto, A. (1984). Metropolization and tertiarization: structural distortions in Latin American development. United Nations, CEPAL Review, (24), 17-38.
  • Rodrik, D. (2016). Premature deindustrialization. Journal of Economic Growth, 2016(21), 1–33.
  • Rowthorn, R. & Wells, J. (1987). De-Industrialization and foreign trade. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK.
  • Saladin, J. B. & Crankshaw, O. (2009). Social polarisation or professionalisation? another look at theory and evidence on deindustrialisation and the rise of the service sector. Urban Studies, 46(3), 645–664.
  • Sassen, S. (1994). Cities in a world economy, Pine Forge Press: Thousand Oaks, CA.
  • Sassen, S. (1998). Globalisation and its discontents: essays on the new mobility of people and money. The New Press: New York.
  • Soja, E. (1991). Dual city: restructuring new york, poles apart: urban restructuring in New York and Los Angeles. in: J. Mollenkopf and M. Castells (Eds) pp. 361–376. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Stigler, G. J. (1956). Trends in employment in the service industries. National Bureau of Economic Analysis, 59, General Series, National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Swiecki, T. (2017). Determinants of structural change. Review of Economic Dynamics, 24 (2017), 95–131.
  • Yavilioğlu, C. (2002). Kalkınmanın anlambilimsel tarihi ve kavramsal kökenleri. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 59-77.
  • ZDNet, (2016). https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-new-technologies-will-improve-customer-service/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020).

EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2022 Sayı: 1, 55 - 64, 27.04.2022

Öz

Bu çalışmada, literatür taraması yöntemi ile betimsel istatistikler kullanılarak yapısal değişim kavramı incelenmiştir. Literatür araştırması sonucunda yapısal değişim olgusunun 17. Yüzyıla dayandırılabileceği görülmektedir. Yapısal değişim, gelir artışlarına paralel farklı düzeylerde hizmet payı artışı şeklinde yaşanmaktadır. 1970 öncesinde yapısal değişimin nedeni olarak gelir artışları gösterilirken, 1970 sonrasında daha çok bilgi işlem teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler gösterilmektedir. Literatürdeki farklı deneyim örnekleri ve farklı gelir grubu ülke örneklerinde istihdam oranları incelendiğinde, hizmetler pay artışının gelişmişliğin göstergesi olduğuna dair genel kabule kuşku ile yaklaşılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, sanayi ve hizmet sektörleri arasındaki tamamlayıcılık ve ikame ilişkisine yapılan vurgu ampirik çalışmalar için ufuk açıcı niteliktedir.

Kaynakça

  • Akarçay-Gürbüz, A. (2011). Comparing trajectories of structural change. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 35(6), 1061-1085.
  • Amazon Alexa, (2020). https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/alexa-voice-service/api-overview.html (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020).
  • Arunachalam, R. & Kumar, N.K. (2002). Inter-temporal comparison of ınter-ındustrial linkages in the Indian economy (1968-69 to 1983-83). Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 15 (1), 1-30.
  • Attali, J. (1981). Les trois mondes, Fayard: Paris.
  • Bacon, R.W & Eltis, W. (1976). Britain’s economic problem: too few producers. MacMillan: New York.
  • Baldwin, R. (2019). The globotics upheaval: globalization, robotics, and the future of work. Oxford University Press: Oxford, England.
  • Ballesta, J. A. C., Melikhova, Y. & Peinado, M. H. (2012). Services in the EU productive systems: a comparative study of the new and old member states. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 23(3), 223-232.
  • Banga, R., (2005). Critical issues in India’s service-led growth. ICRIER Working Paper Series, Working Paper, No. 171.
  • Baumol, W. J. (1967). Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: the anatomy of the urban crisis. American Economic Review, 57(3), 415–426.
  • Bell, D. (1973). The coming of post-ındustrial society: a venture in social forecasting. New York: Basic Books Inc.
  • Bell, D. (1976). The cultural contradictions of capitalism. New York: Basic Books Inc.
  • Berry, B. J. L. (1997). Reversal of a relationship: a note on the tertiary sector. Urban Geography, 18(5), 460-467.
  • Bhattacharya, B.B. & Mitra, A. (1990). Industry-agriculture growth rates: widening disparities: an explanation. EPW, August 26.
  • Chiu, S. & Lui, T. (2004). Testing the global city–social polarisation thesis: Hong Kong since the 1990s. Urban Studies, 41(10), 1863–1888.
  • Clark, C. (1940). The conditions of economic progress. Macmillan: London.
  • Cohen, S. S. & Zysman J. (1987). Manufacturing matters: the myth of the post-ındustrial economy. Council on Foreign Relations Book series NY: Basic Books.
  • Dasgupta, S., & Singh, A. (2007). Manufacturing, services and premature deindustrialization in developing countries: A Kaldorian analysis. In Advancing Development (pp. 435-454). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Desmarchelier, B. & Gallouj, F. (2012). Endogenous growth and environmental policy: are the processes of growth and tertiarization in developed economies reversible?. J Evol Econ, 2013(23), 831–860.
  • Dünya Bankası (2022). https://data.worldbank.org/ (Erişim Tarihi: 20.02.2022).
  • Engel, E. (1857). Die produktions-und konsumptionsverhältnisse des königreichs sachsen. Zeitschrift des Statistischen Bureaus des Königlich Sächsischen Ministerium des Inneren, 8–9.
  • Fisher, A. G. B. (1935). The clash of progress and security. Augustus M. Kelley: New York.
  • Flammang, R. A. (1979). Economic growth and economic development: counterparts or competitors?. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 28(1), 47-61.
  • Fourastie, J. (1949). Le grand espoir du xxe siècle. progrès technique, progrès economique, Progrès Social, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 224 p. - Réed 1989 Collection Tel Gallimard.
  • Friedmann, J. & Wolff, G. (1982). World city formation: an agenda for research and action. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 6 (3), 309–344.
  • Fuchs, V. R. (1968). The service economy. General Series National Bureau of Economic Research, Columbia University Press: New York.
  • Genaro, D. & Melchor, E. (2009). The Impact of the Tertiarization Process in Spanish Economic Growth From a Regional Perspective. The Service Industries Journal, 30(3), 359-374.
  • Gershuny, J. (1978). After industrial society? the emerging self-service economy. MacMillan, New York.
  • Gershuny, J. & Miles, I. (1983). The new service economy: the transformation of employment in industrial societies. Frances Pinter: London.
  • Hamnett, C. (1994a). Social polarisation in global cities: theory and evidence. Urban Studies, 31(3), 401–424.
  • Hamnett, C. (1994b). Socio-economic change in London: professionalisation, not polarisation, Built Environment, 20(3): 192–203.
  • Hamnett, C. (2003). Unequal city: London in the global arena. Routledge: London.
  • Jefferson, M. (1939). The law of the primate city. Geographical Review, 29, 226–232.
  • Kaldor, N. (1966). Causes of the slow rate of economic growth of the United Kingdom: an ınaugural lecture. Cambridge University Press: England.
  • Kuznets, S. (1957). Quantitative aspects of the economic growth of nations: ıı. ındustrial distribution of national product and labor force. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 5(4), 1–111.
  • Kuznets, S. (1966). Modern economic growth, rate, structure and spread. Yale University Press: New Haven.
  • Lin, J. Y., & Wang, Y. (2020). Structural change, ındustrial upgrading, and middle-income trap. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 20(2), 359-394.
  • Lipietz, A. 1980. Le tertiaire, arborescence de l’accumulation capitaliste, Crit Écon Polit 12, 37–69.
  • Mitra, A. (1988). Disproportionality and the services sector: A note. Social Scientist, 3-8.
  • Murata, Y. (2008). Engel's law, petty's law, and agglomeration. Journal of Development Economics, 87 (2008), 161–177.
  • Petty, W. (1690). Political arithmetic. In: Hull, C.H. (Ed.), 1899. The Economic Writings of Sir William Petty. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
  • Pinto, A. (1984). Metropolization and tertiarization: structural distortions in Latin American development. United Nations, CEPAL Review, (24), 17-38.
  • Rodrik, D. (2016). Premature deindustrialization. Journal of Economic Growth, 2016(21), 1–33.
  • Rowthorn, R. & Wells, J. (1987). De-Industrialization and foreign trade. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK.
  • Saladin, J. B. & Crankshaw, O. (2009). Social polarisation or professionalisation? another look at theory and evidence on deindustrialisation and the rise of the service sector. Urban Studies, 46(3), 645–664.
  • Sassen, S. (1994). Cities in a world economy, Pine Forge Press: Thousand Oaks, CA.
  • Sassen, S. (1998). Globalisation and its discontents: essays on the new mobility of people and money. The New Press: New York.
  • Soja, E. (1991). Dual city: restructuring new york, poles apart: urban restructuring in New York and Los Angeles. in: J. Mollenkopf and M. Castells (Eds) pp. 361–376. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Stigler, G. J. (1956). Trends in employment in the service industries. National Bureau of Economic Analysis, 59, General Series, National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Swiecki, T. (2017). Determinants of structural change. Review of Economic Dynamics, 24 (2017), 95–131.
  • Yavilioğlu, C. (2002). Kalkınmanın anlambilimsel tarihi ve kavramsal kökenleri. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 59-77.
  • ZDNet, (2016). https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-new-technologies-will-improve-customer-service/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020).
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm 2022:1 Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ümit Gaberli

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Nisan 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 2022 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Gaberli, Ü. (2022). EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri, 2022(1), 55-64.
AMA Gaberli Ü. EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri. Nisan 2022;2022(1):55-64.
Chicago Gaberli, Ümit. “EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME”. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri 2022, sy. 1 (Nisan 2022): 55-64.
EndNote Gaberli Ü (01 Nisan 2022) EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri 2022 1 55–64.
IEEE Ü. Gaberli, “EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME”, Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri, c. 2022, sy. 1, ss. 55–64, 2022.
ISNAD Gaberli, Ümit. “EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME”. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri 2022/1 (Nisan 2022), 55-64.
JAMA Gaberli Ü. EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri. 2022;2022:55–64.
MLA Gaberli, Ümit. “EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME”. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri, c. 2022, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 55-64.
Vancouver Gaberli Ü. EKONOMİK YAPISAL DEĞİŞİM KAVRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri. 2022;2022(1):55-64.