Research Article
Year 2022,
Volume: 13 Issue: 24, 147 - 166, 21.11.2022
Abstract
Kuzey Akım 2 projesi gaz ticareti alanında en çok tartışılan konulardan biridir. Projeyi destekleyen taraflar bu projenin sadece ekonomik, muhalifleri ise siyasi amaçlarının peşinde ve AB’nin hedeflerine ve kurallarına aykırı olduğunun kanısında olmuşlardır. Kuzey Akım 2 projesinin gerçekleşmesi halinde, bu projenin muhalifleri; Rusya'nın AB’nin enerji sektöründeki rolünün güçleneceğini, farklı tedarikçilerin AB pazarına erişim sağlayamayacağını ve bu nedenden ötürü AB enerji güvenliğine zarar vereceğini ileri sürmektedir. Başka bir deyişle, bu projenin jeoekonomik ve jeopolitik özellikler barındırdığına yönelik söylemler geliştirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, Kuzey Akım 2 projesinin jeoekonomi ve jeopolitika kavramıyla ne kadar ilintili, hangi jeoekonomi ve jeopolitik araçlarını kapsadığını öğrenmekle birlikte, AB üye devletlerinin bu projeye yönelik tavrı ele alınacaktır
Keywords
References
- Referans1 Adomeit, Hannes. “Germany, the EU, and Russia: The Conflict over Nord Stream 2” Centre for European Studies, Nisan 2016: 1 – 12. https://carleton.ca/ces/wp-content/uploads/Adomeit-policy-brief.pdf (17.12.2021).
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- Referans3 EU Science Hub – European Commission, Renewable Energy – Recast to 2030 (RED II), Brüksel: 2020, https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/jec/renewable-energy-recast-2030-red-ii (Erişim: 02.01.2022).
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- Referans5 Gonca, İsa Burak. New Developments of the European Union Energy Policy Framework. İstanbul: Yeditepe Üniversitesi Graduate Institute of Social Sciences, 2012.
- Referans6 Gothau, Andreas. “Assessing Nord Stream 2: regulation, geopolitics & energy security in the EU, Central Eastern Europe & the UK”, The European Centre for Energy and Resource Security (EUCERS), (2016): 1 – 39. https://www.cassis.uni-bonn.de/en/search?SearchableText=Assessing+Nord+Stream+2.
- Referans7 Jong, Moniek de. “Nord Stream 2: The project that will not die”, Clingendael Spectator, 23 Eylül 2020, https://spectator.clingendael.org/en/publication/nord-stream-2-project-will-not-die (Erişim: 17.12.2021).
- Referans8 Mammadova, Nigar. Avrupa Birliği Enerji Politikasında Güney Koridorun Yeri. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2018.
- Referans9 Markgren, Sarah. Nord Stream 2 – A Pipeline Connecting Geopolitics and Geoeconomics?. Stockholm: University of Stockholm Swedish Defence University, 2018.
- Referans10 Marklund, Carl. “The Return of Geopolitics in the Era of Soft Power: Rereading Rudolf Kjellén on Geopolitical Imaginary and Competitive Identities”, Geopolitics 20, No. 2 (2015): 248 – 266.
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- Referans12 Strachota, Agata Loskot. “Nord Stream 2: policy dilemmas and the future of EU gas market”, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs 2, (2016): 1 – 4.
- Referans13 Swedish Institute, Swedes use a lot of energy – yet, emissions are low. The key? Renewable energy, Stockholm: 2021, https://sweden.se/nature/energy-use-in-sweden/ (Erişim: 01.03.2021).
- Referans14 Sziklai, Balázs R., László Á. Kóczy ve Dávid Csercsik. “The impact of Nord Stream 2 on the European gas market bargaining positions”, Energy Policy 144, (2020): 1 – 14.
- Referans15 Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı, Avrupa Birliği’nin Enerji Politikası, Ankara: 2020 https://www.ab.gov.tr/p.php?e=80 (Erişim: 02.01.2022).
- Referans16 Vihma, Antto ve Mikael Wiggel. “Unclear and present danger: Russia’s geoeconomics and the Nord Stream II pipeline”, Global Affairs 2, No. 4 (2016): 1 – 12.
- Referans17 Wigell, Mikael, Sören Scholvin ve Mika Aaltola. Geo-economics and Power Politics in the 21st Century: The Revival of Economic Statecraft, London ve New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
- Referans18 Wigell, Mikael ve Antto Vihma. “Geopolitics versus geoeconomics: The case of Russia’s geostrategy and its effects on the EU”, International Affairs 92, No. 3 (2016): 605 – 627.
- Referans19 Zhizhin, S. Z. ve V. M. Timokhov. “Economic and Geopolitical Aspects of the Nord Stream 2 Gas Pipeline”, Baltic Region 11, No. 3 (2019): 25 – 42.
Year 2022,
Volume: 13 Issue: 24, 147 - 166, 21.11.2022
Abstract
References
- Referans1 Adomeit, Hannes. “Germany, the EU, and Russia: The Conflict over Nord Stream 2” Centre for European Studies, Nisan 2016: 1 – 12. https://carleton.ca/ces/wp-content/uploads/Adomeit-policy-brief.pdf (17.12.2021).
- Referans2 Crawford, Timothy W. “Preventing Enemy Coalitions: How Wedge Strategies Shape Power Politics”, International Security 35, No. 4 (2011): 155-189.
- Referans3 EU Science Hub – European Commission, Renewable Energy – Recast to 2030 (RED II), Brüksel: 2020, https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/jec/renewable-energy-recast-2030-red-ii (Erişim: 02.01.2022).
- Referans4 Giuli, Marco. “Nord Stream 2: Rule no more, but still divide”, European Policy Center, (2018): 1 – 24. https://www.epc.eu/en/Publications/Nord-Stream-2-Rule-no-more-but-still-divide~205b34.
- Referans5 Gonca, İsa Burak. New Developments of the European Union Energy Policy Framework. İstanbul: Yeditepe Üniversitesi Graduate Institute of Social Sciences, 2012.
- Referans6 Gothau, Andreas. “Assessing Nord Stream 2: regulation, geopolitics & energy security in the EU, Central Eastern Europe & the UK”, The European Centre for Energy and Resource Security (EUCERS), (2016): 1 – 39. https://www.cassis.uni-bonn.de/en/search?SearchableText=Assessing+Nord+Stream+2.
- Referans7 Jong, Moniek de. “Nord Stream 2: The project that will not die”, Clingendael Spectator, 23 Eylül 2020, https://spectator.clingendael.org/en/publication/nord-stream-2-project-will-not-die (Erişim: 17.12.2021).
- Referans8 Mammadova, Nigar. Avrupa Birliği Enerji Politikasında Güney Koridorun Yeri. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2018.
- Referans9 Markgren, Sarah. Nord Stream 2 – A Pipeline Connecting Geopolitics and Geoeconomics?. Stockholm: University of Stockholm Swedish Defence University, 2018.
- Referans10 Marklund, Carl. “The Return of Geopolitics in the Era of Soft Power: Rereading Rudolf Kjellén on Geopolitical Imaginary and Competitive Identities”, Geopolitics 20, No. 2 (2015): 248 – 266.
- Referans11 Meyer, Carsten. “Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe”, Climate Policy Info Club, https://climatepolicyinfohub.eu/renewable-energy-support-policies-europe.html (Erişim: 02.01.2022).
- Referans12 Strachota, Agata Loskot. “Nord Stream 2: policy dilemmas and the future of EU gas market”, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs 2, (2016): 1 – 4.
- Referans13 Swedish Institute, Swedes use a lot of energy – yet, emissions are low. The key? Renewable energy, Stockholm: 2021, https://sweden.se/nature/energy-use-in-sweden/ (Erişim: 01.03.2021).
- Referans14 Sziklai, Balázs R., László Á. Kóczy ve Dávid Csercsik. “The impact of Nord Stream 2 on the European gas market bargaining positions”, Energy Policy 144, (2020): 1 – 14.
- Referans15 Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı, Avrupa Birliği’nin Enerji Politikası, Ankara: 2020 https://www.ab.gov.tr/p.php?e=80 (Erişim: 02.01.2022).
- Referans16 Vihma, Antto ve Mikael Wiggel. “Unclear and present danger: Russia’s geoeconomics and the Nord Stream II pipeline”, Global Affairs 2, No. 4 (2016): 1 – 12.
- Referans17 Wigell, Mikael, Sören Scholvin ve Mika Aaltola. Geo-economics and Power Politics in the 21st Century: The Revival of Economic Statecraft, London ve New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
- Referans18 Wigell, Mikael ve Antto Vihma. “Geopolitics versus geoeconomics: The case of Russia’s geostrategy and its effects on the EU”, International Affairs 92, No. 3 (2016): 605 – 627.
- Referans19 Zhizhin, S. Z. ve V. M. Timokhov. “Economic and Geopolitical Aspects of the Nord Stream 2 Gas Pipeline”, Baltic Region 11, No. 3 (2019): 25 – 42.
There are 19 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | International Relations |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | November 21, 2022 |
| Submission Date | March 1, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | November 21, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 13 Issue: 24 |
