Research Article
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Artificial Intelligence: A Threat or a Facilitator? A Qualitative Study in the Textile Industry

Year 2023, Issue: 9, 1 - 14, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.58618/igdiriibf.1187395

Abstract

This study aims to understand how the workforce evaluates the developments in artificial intelligence, especially robotics. For this, Textile Industry employees were reached. Because the textile industry closely follows artificial intelligence technologies. This study applied a qualitative research process, and one-on-one interviews were conducted with 48 participants. According to the findings, the employees participating in the research do not have enough knowledge of artificial intelligence technologies. Still, they also believe these technologies will benefit them in business. On the other hand, senior professionals are concerned about artificial intelligence and robotics developments. However, these professionals also have positive feelings towards these technologies. In other words, while employees have a positive attitude, they feel uneasy. As research results, it has been revealed that employees are not sufficiently familiar with artificial intelligence technologies and that recognition of these technologies can be improved with multi-disciplinary studies to be carried out at the institutional level. Evaluations in this direction are guiding future studies.

References

  • Ambert, A., Adler, P. A., Adler, P. ve Detzner, D. F. (1995). Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative Research. Journal of Marriage and Family, 57 (4), 879-893.
  • Ashok, M., Madan, R., Joha, A. ve Sivarajah, U. (2022). Ethical Framework for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies. International Journal of Information Management, 62, 102433, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102433
  • Balmer, R.E., Levin, S.L. ve Schmidt, S. (2020). Artificial Intelligence Applications in Telecommunications and Other Network Industries. Telecommunications Policy, 44, 101977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2020.101977
  • Beemster, T., Bijleveld, N. ve Treur, J. (2021). Intelligence: Eleventh Annual Meeting of the BICA Society On Becoming a Conspiracy Thinker: A Second-Order Adaptive Network Model, 2020 Annual International Conference on Brain-Inspired Cognitive Architectures for Artificial. Procedia Computer Science. 190, 51–63, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.06.007
  • Boddy, C. R. (2016). Sample Size for Qualitative Research. Qualitative Market Research, 19(4), 426-432. doi: 10.1108/QMR-06-2016-0053
  • Brock, D. C. (2018). Learning from Artificial Intelligence’s Previous Awakenings: The History of Expert Systems. AI Magazine, 39(3), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v39i3.2809
  • Buhmann, A. ve Fieseler, C. (2021). Towards a Deliberative Framework For Responsible Innovation in Artificial Intelligence, Technology in Society, 64, 101475, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101475
  • Cypress, B. S. (2017). Rigor or Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research: Perspectives, Strategies, Reconceptualization, and Recommendations. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 36 (4), 253-263. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000253
  • Çörekcioğlu, M., Ercan, E. ve Aras Elibüyük,S. (2021). Yapay Sinir Ağı Yöntemlerinin Tekstil Sektöründe Kullanım Uygulamaları. Teknik Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 14-20. doi: 10.35354/tbed.884531
  • Eroğlu, S., ve Bektaş, O. (2016). STEM Eğitimi Almış Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Stem Temelli Ders Etkinlikleri Hakkındaki Görüşleri. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(3), 43-67. doi:10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.4c3s3m
  • Felice, F., Petrillo, A., Luca, C. ve Baffo, I. (2022). Artificial Intelligence or Augmented Intelligence? Impact on Our Lives, Rights and Ethics in 3rd International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing. Procedia Computer Science, 200, 1846-1856, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.385.
  • Gökalp, E., Gökalp, M. O. ve Eren, P. E. (2019). Hazır Giyim Ve Konfeksiyon Sektöründe Endüstri 4.0 Devrimi: Akıllı Konfeksiyon Fabrikası. Academic Journal of Information Technology, 10 (17), 73-96. doi: 10.5824/1309‐1581.2019.2.005.x
  • Greenburgh, A. ve Raihani, N. J. (2022). Paranoia and Conspiracy Thinking. Current Opinion in Psychology, 47, 101362, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101362
  • Gruetzemacher, R. ve Whittlestone, J. (2022). The Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence. Futures, 135, 102884, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102884
  • Grundner, L. ve Neuhofer, B. (2021). The Bright and Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: A Futures Perspective on Tourist Destination Experiences. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100511, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100511
  • Guenduez, A. A. ve Mettler. T. (2022). Strategically Constructed Narratives on Artificial Intelligence: What Stories are Told in Governmental Artificial Intelligence Policies?. Government Information Quarterly, 22, 101719, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2022.101719
  • İlhan, İ. (2019). Tekstil Üretim Süreçleri Açısından Endüstri 4.0 Kavramı. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(7), 810-823. doi: 10.5505/pajes.2018.69851
  • Kabacan, D. (2020). Hayat Kolaylaştıran 9 Yapay Zeka Uygulaması, https://www.yapayzekatr.com/2020/10/28/hayat-kolaylastiran-9-yapay-zeka-uygulamasi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 08 Ekim 2022)
  • Kavoura, A. ve Bitsani, E. (2014). Methodological Considerations for Qualitative Communication. Research Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 147, 544-549. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.156
  • Kong, S-C., Cheung, W. M-Y. ve Zhang, G. (2021). Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Literacy Course For University Students With Diverse Study Backgrounds. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100026, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100026
  • Liu, J., Chang, H., Forrest., J. Y. ve Yang, B. (2020)., Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Technological Innovation: Evidence From The Panel Data of China's Manufacturing Sectors. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 158, 120142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120142
  • Malatya Tekstilde Hedef Büyüttü, (2018). https://malatyahaber.com/haber/malatya-tekstilde-hedef-buyuttu (Erişim Tarihi: 08 Ekim 2022)
  • Manjarrés, A., Fernández-Aller, C., López-Sánchez, M. Rodríguez-Aguilar, J. A. ve Castañer, M. S. (2021). Artificial Intelligence for A Fair, Just, and Equitable World. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 40 (1), 19-24. doi:10.1109/MTS.2021.3056292.
  • Marnewick, C. ve Marnewick, A. (2021), Digital Intelligence: A Must-Have For Project Managers, Project Leadership and Society, 2, 100026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plas.2021.100026
  • Newman, J., Mintrom, M. ve O’Neill, D. (2022), Digital Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, and Bureaucratic Transformation, Futures, 136, 102886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102886
  • Olan, F., Arakpogun, E. O., Suklan, J., Nakpodia, F., Damij, N. ve Jayawickrama, U. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Sharing: Contributing Factors to Organizational Performance. Journal of Business Research, 145, 605–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.008
  • Olgun, B. A. ve Turan, F. K. (2022). Tekstil Sektöründe Dijital Dönüşüm ve Tekstil Firmalarının Endüstri 4.0 Kavramsal Farkındalık Düzeyini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Çalışma. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 29, 125, 28-40. https://doi.org/10.7216/1300759920222912504
  • Ong, Y.-S. ve Gupta, A. (2019), AIR5: Five Pillars of Artificial Intelligence Research, IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence, 3 (5).
  • Rampersad, G. (2020). Robot Will Take Your Job: Innovation for An Era of Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Business Research, 116, 68–74, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.019
  • Say, C. (2018). 50 Soruda Yapay Zeka, İstanbul: Bilim ve Gelecek Kitaplığı
  • Schleifer, T., ( 2018). Google CEO Sundar Pichai Says AI Is More Profound Than Electricity and Fire. https://www.vox.com/2018/1/19/16911180/sundar-pichai-google-fire-electricity-ai. (Erişim Tarihi, 07 Ekim 2022)
  • Sousa, D. (2014). Validation in Qualitative Research: General Aspects and Specificities of the Descriptive Phenomenological Method, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 11 (2), 211-227. doi: 10.1080/14780887.2013.853855
  • Stahl, B. C. (2022). Responsible Innovation Ecosystems: Ethical Implications of The Application of The Ecosystem Concept to Artificial Intelligence. International Journal of Information Management, 62, 102441, 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102441
  • Tekstil Sektörü Analiz Raporu Ve Kılavuzu, (2021). https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/assets/upload/dosyalar/tekstil-trb1b2-.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 08 Ekim 2022)
  • Tsang, Y.P. ve Lee, C.K.M., (2022), Artificial Intelligence in Industrial Design: A Semi-Automated Literature Survey, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 112, 104884, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2022.104884
  • Turja, T., Sarkikoski, T. Koistinen, P. ve Melin, H. (2022). Basic Human Needs and Robotization: How to Make Deployment of Robots Worthwhile for Everyone?. Technology in Society, 68, 101917, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101917
  • Yang, C-H. (2022). How Artificial Intelligence Technology Affects Productivity and Employment: Firm-level Evidence from Taiwan. Research Policy, 5, 104536, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104536
  • Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (6. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Zhang, C. ve Lu, Y., (2021), “Study On Artificial Intelligence: The State of The Art and Future Prospects”, Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 23, 100224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2021.100224
  • Zwaan, R. A. (2022). Conspiracy Thinking as Situation Model Construction. Current Opinion in Psychology, 47, 101413, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101413.

Yapay Zekâ: Bir Tehdit Mi? Bir Yardımcı Mı? Tekstil Sektöründe Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2023, Issue: 9, 1 - 14, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.58618/igdiriibf.1187395

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı; yapay zekâ ve özellikle robotik sahasındaki gelişmelerin iş gücü tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiğinin anlaşılmasıdır. Bunun için tekstil sektörü çalışanlarına ulaşılmıştır. Çünkü tekstil sektörü yapay zekâ teknolojilerini yakından takip etmektedir. Nitel bir araştırma sürecinin uygulandığı bu çalışmada; 48 katılımcı ile birebir görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre araştırmaya katılan çalışanlar, yapay zekâ teknolojilerine yeterince hâkim değildirler; fakat bu teknolojilerin iş yaşamında kendilerine yararlar sağlayacağına da inanmaktadırlar. Öte yandan; üst düzeyindeki profesyoneller yapay zekâ ve robotik sahasındaki gelişmeler hakkında tedirginlik duymaktadırlar. Oysa bu profesyoneller bu teknolojilere karşı pozitif duygulara da sahiptirler. Diğer bir deyişle, çalışanlar olumlu yaklaşıma sahip olmakla birlikte, tedirginlik de duymaktadırlar. Araştırma sonuçları; çalışanların yapay zekâ teknolojilerine yeterince aşina olmadıklarını, kurumsal düzeyde yürütülecek multi-disipliner çalışmalarla bu teknolojilere karşı tanınırlığın geliştirilebileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu yöndeki değerlendirmeler, gelecek çalışmalar için yol göstericidir.

References

  • Ambert, A., Adler, P. A., Adler, P. ve Detzner, D. F. (1995). Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative Research. Journal of Marriage and Family, 57 (4), 879-893.
  • Ashok, M., Madan, R., Joha, A. ve Sivarajah, U. (2022). Ethical Framework for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies. International Journal of Information Management, 62, 102433, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102433
  • Balmer, R.E., Levin, S.L. ve Schmidt, S. (2020). Artificial Intelligence Applications in Telecommunications and Other Network Industries. Telecommunications Policy, 44, 101977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2020.101977
  • Beemster, T., Bijleveld, N. ve Treur, J. (2021). Intelligence: Eleventh Annual Meeting of the BICA Society On Becoming a Conspiracy Thinker: A Second-Order Adaptive Network Model, 2020 Annual International Conference on Brain-Inspired Cognitive Architectures for Artificial. Procedia Computer Science. 190, 51–63, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.06.007
  • Boddy, C. R. (2016). Sample Size for Qualitative Research. Qualitative Market Research, 19(4), 426-432. doi: 10.1108/QMR-06-2016-0053
  • Brock, D. C. (2018). Learning from Artificial Intelligence’s Previous Awakenings: The History of Expert Systems. AI Magazine, 39(3), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v39i3.2809
  • Buhmann, A. ve Fieseler, C. (2021). Towards a Deliberative Framework For Responsible Innovation in Artificial Intelligence, Technology in Society, 64, 101475, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101475
  • Cypress, B. S. (2017). Rigor or Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research: Perspectives, Strategies, Reconceptualization, and Recommendations. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 36 (4), 253-263. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000253
  • Çörekcioğlu, M., Ercan, E. ve Aras Elibüyük,S. (2021). Yapay Sinir Ağı Yöntemlerinin Tekstil Sektöründe Kullanım Uygulamaları. Teknik Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 14-20. doi: 10.35354/tbed.884531
  • Eroğlu, S., ve Bektaş, O. (2016). STEM Eğitimi Almış Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Stem Temelli Ders Etkinlikleri Hakkındaki Görüşleri. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(3), 43-67. doi:10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.4c3s3m
  • Felice, F., Petrillo, A., Luca, C. ve Baffo, I. (2022). Artificial Intelligence or Augmented Intelligence? Impact on Our Lives, Rights and Ethics in 3rd International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing. Procedia Computer Science, 200, 1846-1856, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.385.
  • Gökalp, E., Gökalp, M. O. ve Eren, P. E. (2019). Hazır Giyim Ve Konfeksiyon Sektöründe Endüstri 4.0 Devrimi: Akıllı Konfeksiyon Fabrikası. Academic Journal of Information Technology, 10 (17), 73-96. doi: 10.5824/1309‐1581.2019.2.005.x
  • Greenburgh, A. ve Raihani, N. J. (2022). Paranoia and Conspiracy Thinking. Current Opinion in Psychology, 47, 101362, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101362
  • Gruetzemacher, R. ve Whittlestone, J. (2022). The Transformative Potential of Artificial Intelligence. Futures, 135, 102884, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102884
  • Grundner, L. ve Neuhofer, B. (2021). The Bright and Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: A Futures Perspective on Tourist Destination Experiences. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100511, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100511
  • Guenduez, A. A. ve Mettler. T. (2022). Strategically Constructed Narratives on Artificial Intelligence: What Stories are Told in Governmental Artificial Intelligence Policies?. Government Information Quarterly, 22, 101719, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2022.101719
  • İlhan, İ. (2019). Tekstil Üretim Süreçleri Açısından Endüstri 4.0 Kavramı. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(7), 810-823. doi: 10.5505/pajes.2018.69851
  • Kabacan, D. (2020). Hayat Kolaylaştıran 9 Yapay Zeka Uygulaması, https://www.yapayzekatr.com/2020/10/28/hayat-kolaylastiran-9-yapay-zeka-uygulamasi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 08 Ekim 2022)
  • Kavoura, A. ve Bitsani, E. (2014). Methodological Considerations for Qualitative Communication. Research Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 147, 544-549. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.156
  • Kong, S-C., Cheung, W. M-Y. ve Zhang, G. (2021). Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Literacy Course For University Students With Diverse Study Backgrounds. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100026, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100026
  • Liu, J., Chang, H., Forrest., J. Y. ve Yang, B. (2020)., Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Technological Innovation: Evidence From The Panel Data of China's Manufacturing Sectors. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 158, 120142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120142
  • Malatya Tekstilde Hedef Büyüttü, (2018). https://malatyahaber.com/haber/malatya-tekstilde-hedef-buyuttu (Erişim Tarihi: 08 Ekim 2022)
  • Manjarrés, A., Fernández-Aller, C., López-Sánchez, M. Rodríguez-Aguilar, J. A. ve Castañer, M. S. (2021). Artificial Intelligence for A Fair, Just, and Equitable World. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 40 (1), 19-24. doi:10.1109/MTS.2021.3056292.
  • Marnewick, C. ve Marnewick, A. (2021), Digital Intelligence: A Must-Have For Project Managers, Project Leadership and Society, 2, 100026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plas.2021.100026
  • Newman, J., Mintrom, M. ve O’Neill, D. (2022), Digital Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, and Bureaucratic Transformation, Futures, 136, 102886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102886
  • Olan, F., Arakpogun, E. O., Suklan, J., Nakpodia, F., Damij, N. ve Jayawickrama, U. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Sharing: Contributing Factors to Organizational Performance. Journal of Business Research, 145, 605–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.008
  • Olgun, B. A. ve Turan, F. K. (2022). Tekstil Sektöründe Dijital Dönüşüm ve Tekstil Firmalarının Endüstri 4.0 Kavramsal Farkındalık Düzeyini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Çalışma. Tekstil ve Mühendis, 29, 125, 28-40. https://doi.org/10.7216/1300759920222912504
  • Ong, Y.-S. ve Gupta, A. (2019), AIR5: Five Pillars of Artificial Intelligence Research, IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence, 3 (5).
  • Rampersad, G. (2020). Robot Will Take Your Job: Innovation for An Era of Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Business Research, 116, 68–74, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.019
  • Say, C. (2018). 50 Soruda Yapay Zeka, İstanbul: Bilim ve Gelecek Kitaplığı
  • Schleifer, T., ( 2018). Google CEO Sundar Pichai Says AI Is More Profound Than Electricity and Fire. https://www.vox.com/2018/1/19/16911180/sundar-pichai-google-fire-electricity-ai. (Erişim Tarihi, 07 Ekim 2022)
  • Sousa, D. (2014). Validation in Qualitative Research: General Aspects and Specificities of the Descriptive Phenomenological Method, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 11 (2), 211-227. doi: 10.1080/14780887.2013.853855
  • Stahl, B. C. (2022). Responsible Innovation Ecosystems: Ethical Implications of The Application of The Ecosystem Concept to Artificial Intelligence. International Journal of Information Management, 62, 102441, 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102441
  • Tekstil Sektörü Analiz Raporu Ve Kılavuzu, (2021). https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/assets/upload/dosyalar/tekstil-trb1b2-.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 08 Ekim 2022)
  • Tsang, Y.P. ve Lee, C.K.M., (2022), Artificial Intelligence in Industrial Design: A Semi-Automated Literature Survey, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 112, 104884, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2022.104884
  • Turja, T., Sarkikoski, T. Koistinen, P. ve Melin, H. (2022). Basic Human Needs and Robotization: How to Make Deployment of Robots Worthwhile for Everyone?. Technology in Society, 68, 101917, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101917
  • Yang, C-H. (2022). How Artificial Intelligence Technology Affects Productivity and Employment: Firm-level Evidence from Taiwan. Research Policy, 5, 104536, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104536
  • Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (6. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Zhang, C. ve Lu, Y., (2021), “Study On Artificial Intelligence: The State of The Art and Future Prospects”, Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 23, 100224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2021.100224
  • Zwaan, R. A. (2022). Conspiracy Thinking as Situation Model Construction. Current Opinion in Psychology, 47, 101413, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101413.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İbrahim Yıldız 0000-0002-9533-311X

Ahmet Taşhan 0000-0002-4889-7123

Publication Date June 30, 2023
Submission Date October 11, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 9

Cite

APA Yıldız, İ., & Taşhan, A. (2023). Yapay Zekâ: Bir Tehdit Mi? Bir Yardımcı Mı? Tekstil Sektöründe Nitel Bir Araştırma. Igdir University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences(9), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.58618/igdiriibf.1187395

Title of the Journal in Turkish: Iğdır Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi

Title of the Journal in English: Iğdır University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Abbreviated Title of the Journal: Iğdır iibf dergisi