Elit Genç Rüzgar Sörfçülerinin Fonksiyonel Hareket Yeterliliği ve Denge Performansı

Meriç Ödemiş; Onur Yalçın; Yeliz Pınar

doi:10.55238/seder.1223070

Research Article

Functional Mobility and Balance Performance of Elite Young Windsurfers

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 56 - 67, 31.03.2023

Meriç Ödemiş Onur Yalçın Yeliz Pınar

https://doi.org/10.55238/seder.1223070

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the injury risk and balance performance of elite windsurfers. 28 elite windsurfers with an average age of 14.90±1.89 (years), average height 162.70±33.25 (cm), average body weight 55.78±8.97 (kg), and average body mass participated in our study. Leg length, Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), Y Balance Test and Functional Movement Adequacy Test (FMS) were applied to the athletes. The mean of FMS of the participants was found to be 16.21±1.77. Also, it was determined that the difference in asymmetry was over 4 centimeters in more than 40% of the participants in the Anterior-Posteromedial-Posterolateral directions according to the Y balance reach distance. In addition, when the FMS and BESS data were compared according to the Y balance reach distance asymmetry differences, no difference was observed between the genders (p>0.05). However, in the variable of Y balance reach distances, which is an evaluation of dynamic balance, a significant difference was found between male and female athletes in the right foot Posterolateral, right foot Composite, left foot Anterior and left foot Composite scores (p< 0.05). As a result, it can be said that the dynamic balance performances of female athletes are better than male athletes. And also the athletes with a large asymmetry difference are at risk of injury. Additional strength, balance and flexibility exercises may be recommended for windsurfers to reduce the risk of injury.

Keywords

Y balance, Windsurfing, Fms

References

Abraham, A., Sannasi, R., & Nair, R. (2015). Normative values for the functional movement screentm in adolescent school aged children. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(1), 29.
Alsalaheen, B., McClafferty, A., Haines, J., Smith, L., & Yorke, A. (2016). Reference values for the balance error scoring system in adolescents. Brain Injury, 30(7), 914-918.
Bardenett, S. M., Micca, J. J., DeNoyelles, J. T., Miller, S. D., Jenk, D. T., & Brooks, G. S. (2015). Functional movement screen normative values and validity in high school athletes: can the FMS™ be used as a predictor of injury? International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(3), 303.
Bell, D.R., Guskiewicz, K.M., Clark, M.A. (2011). Systematic review of the balance error scoring system. Sports Health, 3(3): 287-295.
Campolettano, E. T., Brolinson, G., & Rowson, S. (2018). Postural control and head impact exposure in youth football players: comparison of the balance error scoring system and a force plate protocol. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 34(2), 127-133.
Chang, W. D., Chou, L. W., Chang, N. J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of functional movement screen, star excursion balance test, and physical fitness in junior athletes with different sports injury risk. BioMed research İnternational.
Chimera, N. J., Smith, C. A., & Warren, M. (2015). Injury history, sex, and performance on the functional movement screen and Y balance test. Journal of Athletic Training, 50(5), 475-485.
Chorba, R. S., Chorba, D. J., Bouillon, L. E., Overmyer, C. A., & Landis, J. A. (2010). Use of a functional movement screening tool to determine injury risk in female collegiate athletes. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 5(2), 47.
De La Motte, S. J., Lisman, P., Sabatino, M., Beutler, A. I., O'Connor, F. G., & Deuster, P. A. (2016). The relationship between functional movement, balance deficits, and previous injury history in deploying marine warfighters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(6), 1619-1625.
Earl, J. E., & Hertel, J. (2001). Lower-extremity muscle activation during the Star Excursion Balance Tests. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 10(2), 93-104.
Ericksen, H. M., Reckelberg, R., & Earl-Boehm, J. (2021). The injury risk profile of an Army Reserve Officers’ Training Corps population: A preliminary descriptive study. Physical Therapy in Sport, 51, 65-70.
Erkmen, N., Taşkın H., Saniğoğlu, A. ve Kaplan, T. (2009). Futbolcularda yorgunluğun denge performansına etkisi. Sport Sciences, 4(4), 289-299.
Filipa, A., Byrnes, R., Paterno, M. V., Myer, G. D. ve Hewett, T. E. (2010). Neuromuscular training improves performance on the star excursion balance test in young female athletes. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 40(9), 551-558.
Gray Cook, L. B., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014). Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 1. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(3), 396.
Gray Cook, L. B., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014). Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐Part 2. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(4), 549.
Hopkins, V. L., & Hooker, R. S. (2002). Conducting an analysis of windsurfing injuries. Physician Assistant, 26(8), 21-34.
Kaur, N., Bhanot, K., & Ferreira, G. (2022). Lower extremity and trunk electromyographic muscle activity during performance of the y-balance test on stable and unstable surfaces. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 17(3), 483.
Kiesel, K., Plisky, P. J., & Voight, M. L. (2007). Can serious injury in professional football be predicted by a preseason functional movement screen?. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 2(3), 147.
Lisman, P., Nadelen, M., Hildebrand, E., Leppert, K., & de la Motte, S. (2018). Functional movement screen and Y-Balance test scores across levels of American football players. Biology of Sport, 35(3), 253.
McGuine, T. A., Greene, J. J., Best, T., & Leverson, G. (2000). Balance as a predictor of ankle injuries in high school basketball players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 10(4), 239-244.
McLeod, T. C. V., Armstrong, T., Miller, M., & Sauers, J. L. (2009). Balance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 18(4), 465-481.
Meir, R., Zhou, S., Gilleard, W., Coutts, R. An investigation of surf participation and injury prevalence in Australian surfers: a self reported retrospective analysis, in A report to the New South Wales Sporting Injuries Committee, R. Meir, Editor. 2011, Southern Cross University.
Misegades, J., Rasimowicz, M., Cabrera, J., Vaccaro, K., Kenar, T., DeLuccio, J., & Stapleton, D. (2020). Functıonal movement and dynamic balance in entry level university dancers. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 15(4), 548.
Mokha, M., Sprague, P. A., & Gatens, D. R. (2016). Predicting musculoskeletal injury in national collegiate athletic association division II athletes from asymmetries and individual-test versus composite functional movement screen scores. Journal of Athletic Training, 51(4), 276-282
Nicolozakes, C. P., Schneider, D. K., Roewer, B. D., Borchers, J. R., & Hewett, T. E. (2018). Influence of body composition on functional movement Screen™ scores in college football players. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 27(5), 431-437.
Okada, T., Huxel, K. C., & Nesser, T. W. (2011). Relationship between core stability, functional movement, and performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(1), 252-261.
Plisky, P. J., Gorman, P. P., Butler, R. J., Kiesel, K. B., Underwood, F. B., & Elkins, B. (2009). The reliability of an instrumented device for measuring components of the star excursion balance test. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 4(2), 92.
Plisky, P. J., Rauh, M. J., Kaminski, T. W., & Underwood, F. B. (2006). Star Excursion Balance Test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 36(12), 911-919.
Riemann, B. L. & Guskıewıcz, K. M. (2000). Effects of mild head injury on postüral stability as measured through clinical balance testing. Journal of Athletic Training, 35(1), 19.
Schwiertz, G., Brueckner, D., Schedler, S., Kiss, R., & Muehlbauer, T. (2019). Performance and reliability of the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test in healthy adolescents from grade 6 to 11. Gait & Posture, 67, 142-146.
Shaffer, S. W., Teyhen, D. S., Lorenson, C. L., Warren, R. L., Koreerat, C. M., Straseske, C. A., & Childs, J. D. (2013). Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters. Military medicine, 178(11), 1264-1270.
Silva, B., & Clemente, F. M. (2017a). Changes in Functional Movement Screen scroes over a 6-month period in surf athletes. Motricidade, 13(1), 124-125.
Silva, B., & Clemente, F. M. (2017b). Physical performance characteristics between male and female youth surfing athletes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(2), 171-178.
Silva, B., Clemente, F. M., & Martins, F. M. (2018). Associations between functional movement screen scores and performance variables in surf athletes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(5), 583-590.
Smith, L. J., Creps, J. R., Bean, R., Rodda, B., & Alsalaheen, B. (2017a). Performance and reliability of the Y-Balance Test™ in high school athletes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(11), 1671-1675.
Smith, L. J., Creps, J. R., Bean, R., Rodda, B., & Alsalaheen, B. (2017b). Performance of high school male athletes on the Functional Movement Screen™. Physical Therapy in Sport, 27, 17-23.
Tran, T. T., Nimphius, S., Lundgren, L., Secomb, J., Farley, O. R., Haff, G. G., ... & Sheppard, J. M. (2015). Effects of unstable and stable resistance training on strength, power, and sensorimotor abilities in adolescent surfers. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 10(5), 899-910.
Trindade, M. A., de Toledo, A. M., Cardoso, J. R., Souza, I. E., dos Santos Mendes, F. A., Santana, L. A., & Carregaro, R. L. (2017). Static balance measurements in stable and unstable conditions do not discriminate groups of young adults assessed by the Functional Movement Screen™(FMS™). International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(6), 858.
Tropp H, Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. (1984). Stabilometry in functional instability of the ankle and its value in predicting injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 16(1), 64-66.
Unver, F., Unver, B., & Buke, M. (2019). Relationship between dynamic balance, functional movement and muscle length in young adults. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 25(3).
Watson A.W. Ankle sprains in players of the field-games Gaelic football and hurling. (1999). J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 39(1), 66.

Elit Genç Rüzgar Sörfçülerinin Fonksiyonel Hareket Yeterliliği ve Denge Performansı

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 56 - 67, 31.03.2023

Meriç Ödemiş Onur Yalçın Yeliz Pınar

https://doi.org/10.55238/seder.1223070

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı elit rüzgâr sörfçülerinin sakatlık riski ve denge performanslarının incelenmesidir. Çalışmamıza yaş ortalaması 14,90±1,89 (yıl) boy ortalaması 162,70±33,25 (cm), beden ağırlık ortalaması 55,78±8,97 (kg), beden kütle indeksi ortalaması 19,63±1,76 (kg/m2) olan ve elit düzeyde rüzgâr sörfü yapan 28 sporcu katılmıştır. Sporculara bacak uzunluğu, Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), Y Balance Testi ve Fonksiyonel hareket yeterlilik testi (FMS) uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların FMS ortalamaları 16,21±1,77 olarak tespit edildi. Ayrıca katılımcıların %40’tan fazlasında Anterior-Posteromedial-Posterolateral yönlerinde Y balance reach distance asimetri farklarının 4 santimetrenin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında Y balance reach distance asimetri farklarına göre FMS ve BESS verileri karşılaştırıldığında cinsiyetler arasında bir fark görülmedi (p>0,05). Ancak dinamik denge değerlendirmesi olan Y balance reach distances değişkeninde sağ ayak Posterolateral, sağ ayak Composite, sol ayak Anterior ve sol ayak Composite skorlarında erkek ile kadın sporcular arasında anlamlı fark olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak kadın sporcuların dinamik denge performanslarının erkek sporculardan daha iyi olduğu ve asimetri farkı fazla olan sporcuların sakatlık riski taşımakta olduğunu söylenebilir. Sakatlık riskinin azaltılması açısından rüzgâr sörfçülerine ekstra olarak kuvvet, denge ve esneklik egzersizlerinin yapılması önerilebilir.

Keywords

Fms, Y balance, Rüzgar sörf, Windsurfing

References

Abraham, A., Sannasi, R., & Nair, R. (2015). Normative values for the functional movement screentm in adolescent school aged children. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(1), 29.
Alsalaheen, B., McClafferty, A., Haines, J., Smith, L., & Yorke, A. (2016). Reference values for the balance error scoring system in adolescents. Brain Injury, 30(7), 914-918.
Bardenett, S. M., Micca, J. J., DeNoyelles, J. T., Miller, S. D., Jenk, D. T., & Brooks, G. S. (2015). Functional movement screen normative values and validity in high school athletes: can the FMS™ be used as a predictor of injury? International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(3), 303.
Bell, D.R., Guskiewicz, K.M., Clark, M.A. (2011). Systematic review of the balance error scoring system. Sports Health, 3(3): 287-295.
Campolettano, E. T., Brolinson, G., & Rowson, S. (2018). Postural control and head impact exposure in youth football players: comparison of the balance error scoring system and a force plate protocol. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 34(2), 127-133.
Chang, W. D., Chou, L. W., Chang, N. J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of functional movement screen, star excursion balance test, and physical fitness in junior athletes with different sports injury risk. BioMed research İnternational.
Chimera, N. J., Smith, C. A., & Warren, M. (2015). Injury history, sex, and performance on the functional movement screen and Y balance test. Journal of Athletic Training, 50(5), 475-485.
Chorba, R. S., Chorba, D. J., Bouillon, L. E., Overmyer, C. A., & Landis, J. A. (2010). Use of a functional movement screening tool to determine injury risk in female collegiate athletes. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 5(2), 47.
De La Motte, S. J., Lisman, P., Sabatino, M., Beutler, A. I., O'Connor, F. G., & Deuster, P. A. (2016). The relationship between functional movement, balance deficits, and previous injury history in deploying marine warfighters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(6), 1619-1625.
Earl, J. E., & Hertel, J. (2001). Lower-extremity muscle activation during the Star Excursion Balance Tests. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 10(2), 93-104.
Ericksen, H. M., Reckelberg, R., & Earl-Boehm, J. (2021). The injury risk profile of an Army Reserve Officers’ Training Corps population: A preliminary descriptive study. Physical Therapy in Sport, 51, 65-70.
Erkmen, N., Taşkın H., Saniğoğlu, A. ve Kaplan, T. (2009). Futbolcularda yorgunluğun denge performansına etkisi. Sport Sciences, 4(4), 289-299.
Filipa, A., Byrnes, R., Paterno, M. V., Myer, G. D. ve Hewett, T. E. (2010). Neuromuscular training improves performance on the star excursion balance test in young female athletes. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 40(9), 551-558.
Gray Cook, L. B., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014). Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 1. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(3), 396.
Gray Cook, L. B., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014). Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐Part 2. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(4), 549.
Hopkins, V. L., & Hooker, R. S. (2002). Conducting an analysis of windsurfing injuries. Physician Assistant, 26(8), 21-34.
Kaur, N., Bhanot, K., & Ferreira, G. (2022). Lower extremity and trunk electromyographic muscle activity during performance of the y-balance test on stable and unstable surfaces. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 17(3), 483.
Kiesel, K., Plisky, P. J., & Voight, M. L. (2007). Can serious injury in professional football be predicted by a preseason functional movement screen?. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 2(3), 147.
Lisman, P., Nadelen, M., Hildebrand, E., Leppert, K., & de la Motte, S. (2018). Functional movement screen and Y-Balance test scores across levels of American football players. Biology of Sport, 35(3), 253.
McGuine, T. A., Greene, J. J., Best, T., & Leverson, G. (2000). Balance as a predictor of ankle injuries in high school basketball players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 10(4), 239-244.
McLeod, T. C. V., Armstrong, T., Miller, M., & Sauers, J. L. (2009). Balance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 18(4), 465-481.
Meir, R., Zhou, S., Gilleard, W., Coutts, R. An investigation of surf participation and injury prevalence in Australian surfers: a self reported retrospective analysis, in A report to the New South Wales Sporting Injuries Committee, R. Meir, Editor. 2011, Southern Cross University.
Misegades, J., Rasimowicz, M., Cabrera, J., Vaccaro, K., Kenar, T., DeLuccio, J., & Stapleton, D. (2020). Functıonal movement and dynamic balance in entry level university dancers. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 15(4), 548.
Mokha, M., Sprague, P. A., & Gatens, D. R. (2016). Predicting musculoskeletal injury in national collegiate athletic association division II athletes from asymmetries and individual-test versus composite functional movement screen scores. Journal of Athletic Training, 51(4), 276-282
Nicolozakes, C. P., Schneider, D. K., Roewer, B. D., Borchers, J. R., & Hewett, T. E. (2018). Influence of body composition on functional movement Screen™ scores in college football players. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 27(5), 431-437.
Okada, T., Huxel, K. C., & Nesser, T. W. (2011). Relationship between core stability, functional movement, and performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(1), 252-261.
Plisky, P. J., Gorman, P. P., Butler, R. J., Kiesel, K. B., Underwood, F. B., & Elkins, B. (2009). The reliability of an instrumented device for measuring components of the star excursion balance test. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 4(2), 92.
Plisky, P. J., Rauh, M. J., Kaminski, T. W., & Underwood, F. B. (2006). Star Excursion Balance Test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 36(12), 911-919.
Riemann, B. L. & Guskıewıcz, K. M. (2000). Effects of mild head injury on postüral stability as measured through clinical balance testing. Journal of Athletic Training, 35(1), 19.
Schwiertz, G., Brueckner, D., Schedler, S., Kiss, R., & Muehlbauer, T. (2019). Performance and reliability of the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test in healthy adolescents from grade 6 to 11. Gait & Posture, 67, 142-146.
Shaffer, S. W., Teyhen, D. S., Lorenson, C. L., Warren, R. L., Koreerat, C. M., Straseske, C. A., & Childs, J. D. (2013). Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters. Military medicine, 178(11), 1264-1270.
Silva, B., & Clemente, F. M. (2017a). Changes in Functional Movement Screen scroes over a 6-month period in surf athletes. Motricidade, 13(1), 124-125.
Silva, B., & Clemente, F. M. (2017b). Physical performance characteristics between male and female youth surfing athletes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(2), 171-178.
Silva, B., Clemente, F. M., & Martins, F. M. (2018). Associations between functional movement screen scores and performance variables in surf athletes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(5), 583-590.
Smith, L. J., Creps, J. R., Bean, R., Rodda, B., & Alsalaheen, B. (2017a). Performance and reliability of the Y-Balance Test™ in high school athletes. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(11), 1671-1675.
Smith, L. J., Creps, J. R., Bean, R., Rodda, B., & Alsalaheen, B. (2017b). Performance of high school male athletes on the Functional Movement Screen™. Physical Therapy in Sport, 27, 17-23.
Tran, T. T., Nimphius, S., Lundgren, L., Secomb, J., Farley, O. R., Haff, G. G., ... & Sheppard, J. M. (2015). Effects of unstable and stable resistance training on strength, power, and sensorimotor abilities in adolescent surfers. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 10(5), 899-910.
Trindade, M. A., de Toledo, A. M., Cardoso, J. R., Souza, I. E., dos Santos Mendes, F. A., Santana, L. A., & Carregaro, R. L. (2017). Static balance measurements in stable and unstable conditions do not discriminate groups of young adults assessed by the Functional Movement Screen™(FMS™). International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(6), 858.
Tropp H, Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. (1984). Stabilometry in functional instability of the ankle and its value in predicting injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 16(1), 64-66.
Unver, F., Unver, B., & Buke, M. (2019). Relationship between dynamic balance, functional movement and muscle length in young adults. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 25(3).
Watson A.W. Ankle sprains in players of the field-games Gaelic football and hurling. (1999). J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 39(1), 66.

There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Sports Medicine
Journal Section	Article
Authors	Meriç Ödemiş 0000-0002-2034-4295 Onur Yalçın 0000-0001-7982-2194 Yeliz Pınar 0000-0003-2742-6901
Early Pub Date	March 28, 2023
Publication Date	March 31, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Ödemiş, M., Yalçın, O., & Pınar, Y. (2023). Elit Genç Rüzgar Sörfçülerinin Fonksiyonel Hareket Yeterliliği ve Denge Performansı. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 7(1), 56-67. https://doi.org/10.55238/seder.1223070

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